Judgments of 2023

A batch of five review petitions was filed challenging the Supreme Court's common judgment and order dated 06‑09‑2022 in Civil Appeals No. 1661 of 2020 and No. 2568 of 2020, which interpreted the interplay between Section 48 of the Gujarat Value‑Added Tax Act, 2003 and Section 53 of the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, …

Vardan Associates Pvt. Ltd., a contractor registered under the CGST and West Bengal GST Acts, moved a capital goods machine from Uttar Pradesh to West Bengal using an e‑way bill that expired before the consignment entered West Bengal. The goods were detained and the authorities demanded GST of Rs 54 lakhs and an equal …

The appellants, members of a joint family, filed a suit for partition and separate possession of family properties listed in Schedules A and B, alleging that earlier 'nominal' sale deeds were merely temporary financing measures and that the family retained possession. The defendants moved to dismiss the suit under Orde…

The wife, Bhawna, filed a FIR in 2013 alleging dowry harassment by her mother‑in‑law and brothers‑in‑law under Section 498A IPC and Sections 3 and 4 of the Dowry Prohibition Act. The accused filed petitions under Section 482 of the CrPC to quash the FIR, but the High Court dismissed them even after a charge‑sheet was f…

Ashok Kumar, the owner of a insured truck, filed a consumer complaint after his vehicle was stolen on 26 June 2008. The insurer, New India Assurance, repudiated the claim on the grounds of alleged breaches of policy conditions 1 (delay in intimation) and 5 (leaving the key in the vehicle). The original complaint filed …

The Union of India filed a miscellaneous application seeking clarification of the Supreme Court’s decision in Joseph Shine v. Union of India, which struck down Section 497 of the IPC, asking whether the judgment also affects the applicability of Sections 45, 63 of the Army Act, 1950 and analogous provisions in the Air …

The appellants, who were appointed as Assistant Scientific Officers in the Commission for Scientific and Technical Terminology (CSTT), sought the same pay scale and allowances that had been granted to a fellow officer (respondent No.4) who was posted as Assistant Scientific Officer (Medicine). Respondent No.4 had been …

The Additional Tahsildar filed a writ petition challenging an order of the Kerala Upa Lokayukta that directed the correction of revenue records and tax collection concerning a property owned by the respondents. The respondents had earlier lodged a complaint with the Lokayukta seeking such correction, and the Upa Lokayu…

The dispute involved a property originally leased to Burma Shell Oil Storage and Distribution Company, whose lease expired on 31‑12‑1997. The respondent, the absolute owner, filed a suit in 2006 seeking possession of the property, which was decreed in 2010, but did not claim damages for the period of unlawful occupatio…

The appellant, ELDECO Housing, filed a suit for specific performance of a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) dated 31‑08‑1998 concerning the sale of a property, after learning that the vendor was attempting to sell to third parties. The respondent filed an application under Order VII Rule 11(d) CPC seeking dismissal of …

The Chancellor of Kannur University re‑appointed Dr. Gopinath Ravindran as Vice‑Chancellor for a second four‑year term after the expiry of his first term, despite a pending selection process and a statutory age limit of sixty years. The petitioners challenged the re‑appointment on grounds that (i) re‑appointment is not…

The appellant, a graduate engineer appointed as Overseer Grade‑III on compassionate grounds, was later promoted to Assistant Engineer in 1995 and sought seniority for further promotion. Private respondents, diploma holders, were granted back‑dated promotions to Assistant Engineer effective 01‑08‑1993 by an order dated …

Manish Sisodia, former Deputy Chief Minister of Delhi, appealed to the Supreme Court seeking bail in prosecutions under the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988, the Indian Penal Code and an enforcement case under the Prevention of Money‑Laundering Act, 2002. The Court examined the scope of bail under s.45 of the PMLA, h…

The case arose from an armed assault on Birbal Nath's uncle and aunt in a Rajasthan field, resulting in the uncle's death and injuries to the aunt, an injured eye‑witness. The trial court convicted the six accused under Sections 302, 307 and related offences, but the Rajasthan High Court acquitted them of the murder an…

The appellant was convicted under Section 6 of the Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act, 2012 and, on appeal, the High Court suspended his sentence and released him on bail under Section 389(1) of the CrPC. When the appeal was listed for hearing, the appellant's counsel sought a four‑week adjournment, and th…

A motor accident in 2010 caused the death of a motorcyclist, leading the victim's dependents to claim compensation under the Motor Vehicles Act, 1988. The Motor Accident Claims Tribunal awarded compensation but held that the insurer, IFFCO Tokio, was not liable because the driver of the insured Tempo vehicle possessed …

The petitioners, who were witnesses to a 2016 Jat community agitation in Haryana that involved arson and loss of life, alleged that the trial in Jhajjar was compromised by the influence of a powerful advocate, threats to witnesses, and a biased prosecuting team. They filed a transfer petition under Article 139A(2) of t…

The Directorate of Enforcement filed a complaint under the PMLA alleging that Pavana Dibbur conspired with accused Madhukar Angur to launder proceeds of a fraud at Alliance University by using nominal sale deeds and her bank accounts. The appellant challenged the complaint, arguing that the only predicate offence in th…

K. Suri Babu, a helper (workman) employed by Nuclear Fuel Complex, Hyderabad, was alleged to have submitted a forged Class VI certificate and disciplinary action was initiated under the Central Civil Services (Classification, Control and Appeal) Rules, 1965 (CCA Rules). The respondent contended that, as a workman, disc…

Vijay entered into an agreement to sell immovable property with the Union of India on 4 February 1988 and later sued for specific performance. The defendant denied the agreement's existence, prompting Vijay to seek admission of a photocopy of the agreement as secondary evidence, arguing that the document was not charge…

The appellant, Amandeep Singh Saran, was charged with offences including IPC Section 409, which carries a maximum sentence of life imprisonment or up to ten years, and was being tried before the Chief Judicial Magistrate (CJM) of Raipur, a court that can impose at most seven years imprisonment. Having already spent ove…

The Government of the National Capital Territory of Delhi (GNCTD) filed a writ petition fearing that the Union Government would unilaterally appoint the Chief Secretary of the Territory and extend his tenure without the GNCTD’s consent. The petition sought a restraining order and the appointment of a senior AGMUT offic…

Shree Aashraya Infra‑Con Ltd was placed under corporate insolvency resolution process (CIRP) and the appointed resolution professional, Hari Babu Thota, submitted a resolution plan drafted by the promoters and approved by the Committee of Creditors. The National Company Law Tribunal (NCLT) dismissed the plan, holding t…

The appellant lodged an FIR alleging assault and other offences, after which the police submitted a final report under Section 173 CrPC. Dissatisfied, the appellant filed a Protest Petition, and the Chief Judicial Magistrate (CJM) rejected the police report and treated the petition as a complaint, proceeding under Sect…

The appeal concerned a suit for injunction and possession of a house, filed by the plaintiff under a claim of prior possession. During the suit one defendant died, and the remaining defendants, who were also his legal representatives, continued to defend the suit. The appellants argued that the suit should abate for no…

The MP High Court Bar Association filed a writ petition under Article 32 challenging the amendment to the Debt Recovery Tribunals (DRTs) and Debt Recovery Appellate Tribunals (DRATs) Electronic Filing Rules, 2020, which made e‑filing of pleadings mandatory in all cases from 31 January 2023. The petition argued that the…

The Union of India, through the Ministry of Corporate Affairs, sought Supreme Court directions to transfer Rs 5,000 crore from the unutilized balance of Rs 24,979.67 crore lying in the "Sahara‑SEBI Refund Account" to the Central Registrar of Cooperative Societies for disbursement to the genuine depositors of the Sahara…

The appellant, Abhishek Saxena, was charged under IPC sections 323, 384 and 406 for alleged assault, extortion and criminal breach of trust arising from a FIR filed on 4 September 2016. He had earlier filed a petition for dissolution of marriage and a guardianship application under the Guardians & Wards Act, 1890, befo…

The appellants were convicted under Section 307 of the Indian Penal Code for attempting to murder the complainant, based on an incident where they allegedly tried to stab him with knives, causing only simple abrasions. The trial court sentenced them to ten years' rigorous imprisonment, which the High Court reduced to f…

The appellants, Vishnu Kumar Shukla and his wife, were charged under IPC sections 448, 454 and 380 for allegedly breaking into a shop and stealing goods. They contended that the complaint was frivolous, based on a forged tenancy agreement, and that the FIR was an abuse of process. The trial magistrate rejected their di…

The case concerned whether an 18‑month Diploma in Elementary Education (D.El.Ed.) delivered by the National Institute of Open Schooling (NIOS) through open and distance learning (ODL) could be treated as equivalent to the 2‑year D.El.Ed. required by the National Council for Teacher Education (NCTE) for appointment as A…

Ex SeppoY Madan Prasad, a Mechanical Transport Driver in the Army Service Corps, was granted leave in 1998 and later an extension on compassionate grounds. He failed to report back after the extended leave expired, claiming his wife’s illness, and remained absent for 108 days, after which he surrendered. A Court of Inq…

The appellant, a registered medical practitioner, was found to have willfully defied demolition orders concerning an unauthorised building extension and was subsequently held in contempt of court, leading the High Court to suspend his licence to practise medicine. The appellant challenged the suspension, arguing that t…

The State of Madhya Pradesh appealed against the High Court's acquittal of Phoolchand Rathore, who had been convicted and sentenced to death for the murder of his wife under sections 302 and 201 IPC. The prosecution's case rested on alleged motive (a dispute over jewellery), a disclosure statement and recovery of blood…

The respondents were initially appointed as government servants in the Rajasthan Animal Husbandry Department in 1971 and later selected for permanent positions in the Rajasthan State Dairy Development Corporation between 1976 and 1978. Upon their absorption, the respondents continued to work, receive promotions, and re…

Smt. Sasikala Devi, appointed Assistant Grade‑II in the University of Calicut in 1988 and promoted to Assistant Grade‑I in 1989, was transferred to M.G. University where she received further promotions. In 1999 she sought an inter‑university transfer to Kerala University and, as per the transfer policy, was placed as t…

The case concerned the murder of Hari Shankar whose body was found in an apartment rented by the appellant Santosh @ Bhure. The prosecution relied on circumstantial evidence – tenancy of the flat, the presence of blood, a suicide letter allegedly written by co‑accused Neeraj, and recovery of a knife and blood‑stained c…

The appellants were subjected to a search under Section 132 of the Income Tax Act and were issued notices under Section 153A for assessment years 1998-99 to 2004-05. They filed an application under Section 245C(1) before the Income Tax Settlement Commission, which was required to decide the matter by 31 March 2008 unde…

The appellants entered into a sale agreement to sell a plot of land for Rs. 17,61,700, with Rs. 2 lakh paid as earnest money. Clause 2 of the agreement stipulated that if the seller failed to execute the sale deed within the stipulated time, the buyer would be entitled to double the advance amount. The trial court refu…

The Government of NCT Delhi appealed a Delhi High Court order that declared a land acquisition to have "deemed lapse" under Section 24(2) of the Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, 2013 because compensation had not been paid. The High Court had held that…

The Veena Vadini Teachers Training Institute, a B.Ed. and M.Ed. training institute in Madhya Pradesh, challenged a state policy that reserved 75% of B.Ed. seats for residents of Madhya Pradesh and 25% for non‑residents, alleging violation of Articles 14, 15 and 19(1)(g) of the Constitution. The High Court dismissed the…

The State of Andhra Pradesh appealed against a High Court order that granted a writ of habeas corpus, directing the release of a life convict (P. Reddy Bhaskar) who had escaped twice and was later sentenced to a one‑year simple imprisonment for kidnapping. After being granted special remission for his life sentence, th…

The Supreme Court heard a batch of appeals filed by the Mathura Vrindavan Development Authority, other development authorities and the State of Uttar Pradesh against several writ petitions that challenged demand notices for various fees levied by the authorities under the Uttar Pradesh Urban Planning and Development Ac…

The Supreme Court examined the selection of 64 drug inspectors in Jammu & Kashmir, where the High Court had quashed the selection on grounds of procedural irregularities, lack of individual award rolls, and alleged bias. The Court held that candidates who participated in the selection without protest cannot later chall…

The case involved the murder of Pradip Phukan, alleged to have been committed by a group of thirteen persons who entered his house and assaulted him with sharp weapons, resulting in his death. The trial court convicted eleven accused under Sections 147, 148, 149, 302, 326, 447 and 34 of the IPC, sentencing them to life…

The deceased, Jayashree, married appellant No.3 and was allegedly subjected to physical and mental harassment by her mother‑in‑law and father‑in‑law (appellants) for dowry. She died by jumping into a well, and the prosecution charged the appellants under IPC sections 498A (dowry harassment) and 306 (abetment of suicide…

The Punjab government, through its Council of Ministers, recommended that the Governor summon the Vidhan Sabha for its Budget Session on 3 March 2023. The Governor sought extensive information from the Chief Minister under Article 167 and, after receiving a tweet and a letter that he deemed derogatory, said he would se…

Lance Naik Gursewak Singh and Lance Naik Kala Singh, both serving in the Indian Army, consumed liquor and got into a heated argument over seniority. Singh seized Kala's rifle and fired a single bullet, killing him. A court‑martial convicted Singh under IPC s.302 read with Army Act s.69, sentencing him to life imprisonm…

The State of Uttar Pradesh challenged the appointment of three teachers in two minority colleges, arguing that the selection process was not complete because the District Inspector of Schools (DIOS) had not approved the proposals before the amendment of Regulation 17. The colleges contended that once the management for…

Lok Prahari, a society, challenged the constitutional validity of Rule 39-AA of the Conduct of Election Rules, 1961 and the proviso to Section 33 of the Representation of the People Act, 1951, alleging violations of Article 80(4), Article 14 of the Constitution and Section 123(2) of the Act. The petitioner argued that …

The Supreme Court examined whether the day on which a magistrate orders remand under Section 167(2) of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 should be counted in the 60/90‑day period prescribed for filing a charge‑sheet, the expiry of which gives an accused an indefeasible right to default bail. Relying on the earlier d…

Aman Semi-Conductors Pvt. Ltd. obtained an industrial plot from the Haryana State Industrial Development Corporation (HSIDC) on the condition that it would construct and commence production within stipulated timeframes. The company failed to start any construction, repeatedly sought extensions citing lack of infrastruc…

The plaintiff‑respondent (Zeenath) appealed a High Court order that remanded her suit for cancellation of a sale deed and a prohibitory injunction back to the trial court for a fresh trial. The High Court had held that the evidence on record was insufficient and that material witnesses were not examined, thereby direct…

The appellant, the Commanding Officer of the Railway Protection Special Force, appealed against a decision allowing the widow and heirs of a constable of the RPF to claim compensation under the Employees Compensation Act, 1923 for his death in service. The central question was whether a constable of the RPF, declared a…

The State of Haryana sought a direction to conduct the entire recruitment of Junior Civil Judges through the Haryana Public Service Commission and to modify the Supreme Court's 12 February 2009 order that had placed the selection under a committee comprising High Court judges, the State, and the Commission. The Court e…

The appellant, a retired Air Force corporal, was transfused with a unit of blood at 171 Military Hospital in 2002 during Operation Parakram. He later discovered he was HIV positive in 2014 and alleged that the transfusion was the source of infection, seeking compensation for loss of earnings, medical expenses, mental a…

The plaintiff Ashiyal Beevi sued for exclusive ownership of a property, claiming a one‑sixth share based on a sale deed, while the defendants contested the validity of a prior gift deed. The trial court decreed only a one‑sixth share to the plaintiff and rejected her review application seeking a full decree. The plaint…

The case involved a group of accused who were originally acquitted by the Sessions Court for offences arising from a violent property dispute that resulted in death and injuries. The State appealed under Section 378 of the CrPC, and the Karnataka High Court set aside the acquittal, convicting the accused under IPC Sect…

The Delhi High Court had ordered notices to be issued to a third‑party assessee after documents belonging to him were seized in a search of another entity's premises. The third‑party argued that the six‑year period for filing returns should commence from the date the seized materials were handed over to his Assessing O…

The appellants, Suresh Thipmppa Shetty (A4) and Sadashiv Seena Salian (A2), were convicted under Sections 302 and 120B of the IPC for the murder of Mahendra Pratap Singh and sentenced to life imprisonment and fines. They appealed the conviction, arguing that they were not present in the car where the murder occurred an…

The Supreme Court examined a sale deed executed by the Official Liquidator of a liquidated company, which conveyed land, building, civil works, plant and machinery, and other assets for a total consideration of Rs.8.35 crores. The first respondent, a nominee of the auction purchaser, sought registration of only the lan…

The petitioner sought the release of her husband, who had been repeatedly remanded in custody despite the filing of multiple supplementary chargesheets that did not complete the investigation. The core issue was whether a chargesheet can be filed piecemeal before the investigation is finished and whether such filing ex…

Kotak Mahindra Bank Ltd. (formerly ING Vysya Bank) sought settlement of tax liabilities for several assessment years, disclosing additional lease income that had been treated as a financial transaction under RBI guidelines. The Settlement Commission, after considering the bank's cooperation and full disclosure, granted…

The dispute arose from a five‑year lease agreement dated 27‑03‑2003 between Paul Rubber Industries Pvt. Ltd. (lessee) and the landlady (respondents) for approximately 16 cottahs of land in Kolkata, which included a clause for renewal and described the premises as having a factory shed. The lease was not registered, alt…

Shikha Trading Co. filed a writ petition challenging the illegal sealing of its shop by Excise and Taxation officers. The Punjab High Court, besides ordering the de‑sealing, directed that a criminal case be registered against Assistant Excise and Taxation Commissioner Rishi Pal Singh, alleging that he filed a false aff…

The Central Bureau of Investigation filed charge sheets in English in Vyapam scam cases, and the accused, who claimed they could not understand English, sought Hindi translations. The lower courts rejected the applications, but the Madhya Pradesh High Court held that Hindi, being the language of the criminal courts und…

The petitioner, serving a life sentence for murder and a weapons offence, applied for premature release after 24 years of incarceration, claiming denial of remission and parole. The Remission Board rejected his applications twice, relying heavily on adverse opinions of the presiding judge, despite favorable reports fro…

The appellants, teaching faculty of Government Homeopathic Colleges in Kerala, sought to have the retirement age enhancement granted to medical doctors (from 55 to 60 years) applied retrospectively to them, arguing a legitimate expectation. The State had issued a 2010 Government Order (G.O.) raising the retirement age …

The appellant, Hem Raj, owned a vehicle insured by New India Assurance and sought reimbursement of INR 10,36,500 for death, funeral, and medical expenses arising from a road accident in Nepal. The District Consumer Disputes Redressal Forum and the State Commission ordered the insurer to pay the claimed amounts, but the…

The appellant, a widowed landlord, filed eviction petitions under the Delhi Rent Control Act, 1958, claiming a bona‑fide requirement for the premises to accommodate her joint family. The Rent Controller accepted the petition and ordered eviction, but the Delhi High Court reversed the order, alleging that the appellant …

The case concerned the self‑acquired property of Sengalani Chettiar, who had two marriages. His son Chandran (the father of the appellants) executed a release deed in 1975, relinquishing any claim to the property in return for valuable consideration, and stating he would have no further connection except blood relation…

The insured, M/s. Mudit Roadways, held fire and customs duty insurance policies with New India Assurance Co. Ltd. for a bonded warehouse in Raigad, Maharashtra. A fire broke out on 14 March 2018; the insurer repudiated the claim, alleging that the fire occurred in an uninsured area and resulted from the insured's negli…

The appellant, accused No.1, was convicted of murder (s.302 IPC) for stabbing the deceased during a heated verbal quarrel, while co‑accused No.2 and No.3 were acquitted. The issue before the Supreme Court was whether the appellant's act fell under Exception 4 to s.300 IPC, thereby constituting culpable homicide not amo…

The State Bank of India (SBI) disciplined its field officer A.G.D. Reddy for alleged misconduct, including failure to conduct periodical inspections and not completing formalities for an equitable mortgage, and imposed a penalty of reduction in basic pay to the lowest stage in Scale‑I under Rule 49(e) of the SBI (Super…

Hindustan Construction Company Ltd (the contractor) executed embankment work for the National Highways Authority of India (NHAI) under the Allahabad bypass project and disputed how quantities should be measured for payment—whether soil and pond‑ash embankments should be measured as a single composite cross‑section or s…

The appellant Mukesh Singh was convicted of murder, robbery and related offences based primarily on the identification of the injured eyewitness Sushil Kumar, who identified him in court after the accused had refused to attend a test identification parade (TIP). The accused argued that his refusal to participate in the…

The appellant, a leaseholder of a Delhi parcel, obtained a decree for possession against the Municipal Corporation of Delhi (MCD) after the lease expired. While attempting to execute the decree, the MCD resisted, citing encroachment and pending land‑acquisition proceedings, leading the Executing Court to declare the de…

Bhima Rao Baswanth Rao Patil, a successful Lok Sabha candidate, was challenged by K. Madan Mohan Rao through an election petition under Sections 81 and 84 of the Representation of the People Act, 1951, alleging false information, non‑disclosure of pending criminal cases and convictions, and non‑compliance with Election…

The Supreme Court examined six FIRs registered in West Bengal relating to alleged explosive offences and a High Court order that transferred the investigation to the National Investigation Agency (NIA). The High Court had directed the Central Government to invoke its power under Section 6(5) of the National Investigati…

The appellant, Maghavendra Pratap Singh (Pankaj Singh), was convicted for the murder of businessman Goverdhan Aggarwal and related offences under Sections 302, 201, 120B of the IPC and the Arms Act, based largely on circumstantial evidence. The prosecution’s case lacked any eyewitnesses, direct forensic linkage, or rel…

Jitendra Kumar Rode, a former Assistant Commercial Manager of Northern Railway, was convicted under the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988 for accepting a bribe in 1995. The trial court’s record was subsequently lost, and only a partial, reconstructed set of documents was produced, which did not include essential witne…

Marsh India Insurance Brokers Pvt Ltd appealed against a Securities Appellate Tribunal order that set aside the IRDA’s dismissal of a complaint by Atkins Special Risks Ltd alleging that Marsh paid a bribe to Jagdish Gupta, Chairman of Jagson International Ltd, to obtain a re‑insurance brokerage contract. The Tribunal h…

Anil Kumar, convicted of murder and sentenced to life imprisonment, was released on emergency parole during the COVID‑19 pandemic by a High‑Powered Committee constituted under a Supreme Court order. He filed a writ petition under Article 32 seeking to quash the Committee's decision that the parole period should not be …

The respondent, Magi H. Desai, was engaged by Doordarshan Prasar Bharti as a General Assistant on a contract/casual basis from 1985 until her regularisation as a Lower Division Clerk on 31 March 1995 under the 1992/94 regularisation scheme. She later sought to have her pre‑regularisation contractual service counted as …

The case concerned the interpretation of the Maharashtra Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, De‑notified Tribes, Nomadic Tribes, Other Backward Classes and Special Backward Category (Regulation of Issuance and Verification of) Caste Certificate Act, 2000 and the related 2003 and 2012 Rules. The petitioner challenged th…

The Government of NCT of Delhi appealed a Delhi High Court order that had declared the acquisition of a parcel of land to have deemed lapsed under Section 24(2) of the Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, 2013, based on a writ petition filed by the subseq…

The Delhi Development Authority (DDA) had taken possession of certain lands in 1981 and the compensation due to the owners was sent to the Revenue Department due to a dispute. The Delhi High Court held that the acquisition had deemed lapsed under Section 24(2) of the Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land …

The appellant, a civil engineer, posted a viral picture of a sitting cabinet minister on Facebook and alleged that police, at the minister’s behest, forcibly took him to the minister’s residence, beat him and threatened him. He filed FIRs (Nos. 119 and 120 of 2020) but the minister was not named in the initial chargesh…

The petitioner, a Superintendent of the High Court of Manipur, sought promotion to Assistant Registrar. The Departmental Promotion Committee (DPC) on 9 April 2021 denied her promotion, relying on Annual Confidential Report (ACR) grades for 2016‑17 ("Good") and 2019‑20 ("Good"). The petitioner argued that the 2016‑17 AC…

The plaintiff obtained an ex‑parte decree for specific performance of an agreement to sell land, directing him to pay the balance consideration of Rs 15,00,000 within two weeks, which he failed to do. After a delay of 853 days, the plaintiff sought an extension of time under CPC 148 and Section 28 of the Specific Relie…

The Land Acquisition Collector appealed a Delhi High Court order that had declared the acquisition proceedings for 15 bighas 18 biswa of land in Wazirabad village to have lapsed under Section 24(2) of the Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, 2013, relying…

The Directorate of Enforcement (ED) appealed against a Telangana High Court order that granted anticipatory bail to M. Gopal Reddy (respondent No.1) under Section 438 of the CrPC in connection with a money‑laundering case under the Prevention of Money Laundering Act, 2002 (PMLA). The Supreme Court examined whether the …

The State of Himachal Pradesh used land for a road in 1996 without acquiring it under the Land Acquisition Act, 1894 and without paying compensation. The landowners filed a writ petition in 2016 seeking compensation and acquisition; the Single Judge ordered the State to initiate acquisition. The State appealed, and the…

The State of Haryana had acquired 46.49 acres of land in 1987 for residential and commercial development. Over time most of the land was released, but small parcels remained under acquisition, prompting the original landowners to file writ petitions seeking release on parity with others. The High Court quashed the acqu…

The appellant filed a writ petition (Writ Petition No.8606 of 2010) challenging a Tiruchirappalli City Municipal Corporation order concerning a pathway. The High Court discarded a survey report and ruled in favour of the respondents on 03.03.2017. The respondents then filed a review petition under Order 47 Rule 1 of th…

The appellant, Talat Sanvi, was granted anticipatory bail by the High Court on the condition that he deposit interim victim compensation. The appellant challenged this condition, arguing that it contravenes Section 357 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973. The Supreme Court examined the provisions of Section 357, no…

The Indian Society of Critical Care Medicine filed a miscellaneous application seeking clarification and modification of the Supreme Court's 2018 directions on advance medical directives and withdrawal of life‑support treatment. The Court examined whether the procedural safeguards, especially the requirement of a Judic…

The Supreme Court examined the constitutionality of the Assam Rural Health Regulatory Authority Act, 2004, which created a regulatory authority to register diploma holders in medicine and to regulate their practice in rural Assam. The Court held that the Act was beyond the legislative competence of the Assam State Legi…

The appellants Prasad Pradhan and another, cousins of the deceased Vrindawan, attacked him with axes while he was levelling his land, causing severe head injuries that led to his death after 20 days. The trial court convicted them of murder under Section 302 IPC read with Section 34 and sentenced them to life imprisonm…

The case concerned the murder of Narayan in 1985, for which Munna Lal, Sheo Lal and Babu Ram were convicted under section 302 IPC based largely on the oral testimony of two eye‑witnesses, PW‑2 (Ram Vilas) and PW‑3 (Hemraj), and medical evidence. The Supreme Court examined the credibility of these witnesses, noting PW‑2…