Holding

The 1973 settlement was validly terminated by the notice under Section 19(2) of the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947, rendering its terms inoperative and obviating any conflict with Section 84‑B of the Punjab Cooperative Societies Act.

Summary

The Patiala Central Cooperative Bank and its employees' union entered into a comprehensive settlement on 28 May 1973, valid for four years, covering pay scales and dearness allowance. After the settlement expired on 31 March 1977, the bank issued a notice on 25 February 1978 under Section 19(2) of the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947, terminating the agreement, which was later ratified by the board. The union contended that the settlement continued to bind the bank and that Section 84‑B of the Punjab Cooperative Societies Act, 1961, which caps dearness allowance at the government rate, was ultra‑violet and could not override the settlement. The Supreme Court held that the notice validly terminated the settlement, so its terms, including the dearness‑allowance clause, no longer applied, and therefore the question of Section 84‑B’s repugnancy was moot. Consequently, the High Court’s order declaring Section 84‑B ultra‑violet was set aside and the appeal of the bank was allowed.

Issues considered

The validity of the notice issued under Section 19(2) of the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 terminating the 1973 settlement.
Whether a settlement terminated under Section 19(2) continues to be enforceable against a subsequent statutory provision such as Section 84‑B of the Punjab Cooperative Societies Act, 1961.
Whether Section 84‑B of the Punjab Cooperative Societies Act, 1961 is ultra‑violet or repugnant to Sections 9A and 19(2) of the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947.

Legislation cited

Industrial Disputes Act, 1947s. 19(2), s. 9A
Punjab Cooperative Societies Act, 1961s. 27, s. 84-B

Subjects

Industrial disputeSettlement terminationSection 19(2)Dearness allowancePunjab Cooperative Societies ActUltra viresRepugnancyLabour law

Judgment

THE PATIALA CENTRAL COOPERATIVE BANK LTD. A
v.
THE PATIALA CENTRAL COOPERATIVE
BANK EMPLOYEES UNION AND ANR. ETC.

SEPTEMBER 16, 1996 B
[B.P. JEEVAN REDDY, S.C. SEN AND S.B. MAJMUDAR, JJ.}

Labour Law-Industrial Disputes Act, 1947-Section 19--Agree-
ment-Termination of-Agreement Validly terminated Under Section C
19(2)-Effect and Scope-Terms of the agreement can not be enforced after
the agreement is validly terminated under Section 19(2).

Punjab Co-operative Societies Act 1961-Section 84-B-Bar on pay-
ment of Deamess Allowance at a higher rate than the rate admissible to the
Government employees drawing the same p~alidity-Not ultravires the D
State Legislature-It is a valid legislation.

On the basis of a charter of demands of the respondents, a Union of
the petitioner Bank, a comprehensive agreement dated May 28, 1973 ~as
executed inter alia providiqg the fixation of pay scales after classifying the
various categories of staff, Fixation Formula providing for pay rise, E
provision for dearness allowances, travel allowance, house rent 'allowance,
city compensation allowance and various other allowances. As a matter of
fact, the agreement embraced all aspects of the service condition. The
agreement dated May 28, 1973 was valid for a period of four years and
came to end on 31st March, 1977. On the expiry of the agreement, a dispute F
arose between the parties interalia about the payment of Dearness Al-
lowance in terms of the agreement dated 28th May, 1973. The Union
asserted that the aforesaid agreement is binding even after the period
mentioned in the agreement and the agreement can not be unilaterally
repudiated as per the provisions of S.19(2) of the Industrial Disputes Act, G
1947. The respondent Union also claimed that as no notice terminating the,
agreement had been given by the petitioner bank, the agreement continued.
to be in force and was binding upon the petitioner and the payment of
Dearness Allowance specified in the agreement can not be avoided by the
petitioner'. The respondent Union also contended that the introduction of
Section 84-B by amending Act, 1981, in the Punjab Co-Operative Societies H
347
348 SUPREME COURT REPORTS (1996) SUPP. 6 S.C.R.

A Act, 1961, inter alia providing that the Dearness Allowance at a higher rate
than admissible to the Government Employee with the same pay rate shall
not be admissible to an employee of the co-operative society, can not in
any way abrogate an agreement protected by the provisions of the In-
dustrial Disputes Act.
B The respondent Union filed a Writ Petition in the High Court·and
besides reiterating their earlier stands, challenged the virus of Section
84-B of the Punjab Co-operative Societies Act, 1961 as being violative of
Section 19 of the Industrial Disputes Act, for the reason that the Punjab
Cooperative Societies Act is a general Act and it can not curtail or control
C the specific provisions of the Industrial Disputes Act, in any manner
whatsoever. The High Court held that Section 84-B of the Punjab Coopera-
tive Societies Act was violative of the Industrial Disputes Act and also
ultravires the State Legislature of Punjab. The amended Section 84-B
could not take away the effect of settlement dated 28th May, 1973 and the
agreement/settlement could continue to be subsisting, and binding between
D the parties and class III and IV employees of the petitioner bank were held
entitled to claim Dearness Pay in terms of the 1973 agreement. The High
Court further held that service condition of an employee can not be
changed in any of the matter mentioned in Fourth Schedule without giving
notice under Section 19(2) of the Industrial Dispute Act and this being so,
E the unilateral withdrawal of city compensatory allowance and dearness
allowance by the Bank affected the service condition of the respondent and
attracted the mandatory condition of Section 9-A of the Industrial Dispute
Act.

In appeal to this Court, the respondent in their counter affidavit did
F not dispute the factual aspect of the case including the issuance of notice
dated 25.2.1978 terminating the ~greement dated 28th May, 1973 issued by
the petitioner.

Allowing the appeal, this Court
G HELD : (Per Sen, J.) 1. It is not in dispute that notice was given on
25th Feb. 1978, terminating the agreement dt. 28th May, 1973 and the
agreement was validly terminated by the Management and the same ceased
to operate from that date. [362-C]

H 2. In view of the admitted fact that the pay scales and other benefits
PATIALACENTRALOO-OP. BANK LTD. v. PA11ALACEN1RALCO-OP. BANK EMPLOYEES UNION 349

of the employees had been drastically revised upwards at all levels than A
what was given by the agreement dated 28.5.1973, the employees can not
claim that Dearness Allowance formula of the agreement must remain
intact, but at the same time the drastic changes in every other part of the
agreement dated 28.5.1973 will continue in force for the benefit of the
employees. [358-D]
B
3. Section 84-B of the Punjab Co-Operative Societies Act, 1961
(inserted by Amendment Act 26 of 1981) places a bar on payment of
Dearness Allowance at a rate higher .than the rate admissible to the
employees of the Government drawing the same pay. This provision is
made applicable to all the employees of the Co-operative societies in C
Punjab. It specifically states that inspite of any s.tatutory provisions to the
contrary, or any agreement Dearness Allowance can be paid upto the rate
fixed by the Government for corresponding pay of the Government Ser-
vant. (362-D]
D
4. Section 19(2) of the Industrial Dispute Act, merely provides even
if the period of agreement has expired the terms of agreement will continue
to be in force unless determined in the manner laid down in Section 19(2)
of the Act. The provisions of Section 19(2) make an agreement between the
employer and the employees binding. It also lays down the period during E
which it shall be binding. It also provides the manner in. which the
agreement can be terminatt:d inter parties. It does not follow from this
provision that a competent legislature can not legislate on any matter
which forms part of the agreement. Nor does Section 19 have the effect of
validating any infirmity in the agreement. If the agreement is contrary to
any law or if the agreement can not be implemented without violating any
F
provision of law, than the agreement can not be enforced at all. There is
nothing in sub-section (2) of Section 19 to suggest that even such agree-
ment will continue to be binding upon the employers and the employees
and enforceable against express provision of law. If after the agreement
has been entered into, any law is passed and the agreement can not be G
enforced without violating that law, then clearly the agreement can not be
enforced. The law will prevail. Sub Section (2) of Section 19 merely extends
the period during which the agreement will be enforced, but it does not
provide that the agreement will be valid and binding notwithstanding any
law to the contrary. [360-F-H; 361-A-B] H
350 SUPREME COURT REPORTS (1996) SUPP. 6 S.C.R.

A Per JEEVAN REDDY, J. (Concurring) :

So far as the validity of Section 84-B of the Punjab Co-operative
Societies Act, 1961 is concerned, it is enough to say that once the settlement
between the parties was held to have been validly terminated by the
management, there was no occasion for the High Court to have con-
B sidered the validity of the said section and/or to have declared it void. The
judgment of the High Court declaring section 84-B as void and illegal is
accordingly set aside. [361-E]

Per_MAJMUDAR, J. (partly concurring):
c 1.1. In view of the finding that the agreement dated 28th May, 1973
was validly terminated by the Management on 25.2.1978 and the same had
ceased to operate from that day, no further question survives for con-
sideration, namely whether section 84-B of the Punjab Co-operative
Societies Act, 1961 is repugnant to the provisions of Sections 9A and 19(2)
D of the Industrial Disputes Act, which is a central legislation. The High
Court has taken the view ignoring the factual position that the agreement
in question had stood terminated with effect from 25th Feb. 1978. It was
not open to the High Court to consider the validity of Section 84-B on the
admitted facts of the case. The finding of the High Court declaring Section
E 84-B as ultravires of the State Legislature on account of its repugnancy to
Sections 9A and 19(2) of the Industrial Disputes Act is set aside. No
occasion arises for this Court, nor did it arise for_ the High Court to go
into the Legislative competence of the State Legislature in enacting Section
84-B and to examine and pronounce upon the said question. Tll.e.question
of virus of Section 84-B is kept open for consideration in an appropriate
F case. [363-A-B]
..
1.2. The view that Section 84-B will operate even de- hors the binding
agreement under section 19(2) of the Industrial Disputes Act, is not
concurred with. No opinion is expressed on this question, as it does not
G arise for consideration in the present case. [363-C] .

CIVIL APPELLATE JURISDICTION : Civil Appeal No. 4390 of
1988 Etc.

From the Judgment and Order dated 28.4.88 of the Punjab &
H Haryana High Court in C.W.P. No. 2193of1983.
PATIALACEN1RALCO-OP.BANKL1D.v.PATIALACEN'IRALCO-OP.BANKFMPLOYEESUNION 351

G.K. Chatrath, Advocate General, S.S. Kang, Dy. Adv. General, A
(Punjab) H.S. Munjral, G.K. Bansal, Arvind Kumar, Ms. LaxmiArvind and
· T.S. Arora for the Appellant.

AK. Sen and Rajinder Sachar and P.P. Singh for the Respondents.

The following Judgment/Orders of the Court were delivered by B
SEN, J. The Patiala Central Cooperative Bank Ltd., the appellant
herein, is a Cooperative Bank registered under the provisions of Punjab
Cooperative Societies Act, 1961. The Patiala Central Cooperative Bank
Employees Union, the respondent No. 1 herein, is a Union of the
employees of the appellapt-Bank working at various places in different C
branches of the Bank. On 13.11.1972, the Union submitted a charter of
demands culminating in an agreement between the Bank and the Union on
28.5.1973. This agreement was ~o be in force upto 31st March 1977.

The agreement reached on 28.5.1973 provided for a number of things D
like fixation of pay-scales after classifying the various categories of staff. It
also provided for Fixation Formula providing for pay rise in the revised
pay scales. There was also a provision for payment of dearness allowance,
travel allowance, house rent allowance, city compensatory allowance and
various other allowances. Provisions have been made for cycle and car
allowance, children allowance and special. allowances, if any. Provisions E
were also made for uniforms, provident fund, gratuity, over time allowance
and also fixation of strength and rules providing quota for promotion to
various po~t.§)11 the future. The agreement also provided for loans to be
given for purchase of scooter/motor cycle/cycle upto a ceiling of Rs. 15,000
for Central Cooperative Banks and Rs. 30,000 for Apex Cooperative Banks F
per annum. The agreement concluded with General Conditions which were
as under:

"GENERAL CONDITIONS
(i) The existing facilities given to employees on the Punjab State
Cooperative Bank may continue. G
(ii) This settlement will remain in force for a period of four years,
i.e., upto 31.3.1977.

(iii) A copy of this settlement may be sent to the Labour Commis-
sioner, Punjab for necessary confirmation. H
352 SUPREME COURT REPORTS [1996) SUPP. 6 S.C.R.

A (iv) Anomalies,. if any, shall be discussed in the joint meeting of
the signatories."

In order to appreciate the argument advanced in this case, lt is
necessary to set out the pay scales and the provisions relating to dearness
B allowance as agreed upon in the settlement:-

Category of Staff Present grades Revised Revised
after merger Grades grades after
of grades DP merger of D .P.
w.e.f. 1.2.1968
c a. Subordinate Staff
Peons and Chowkidar in 75-140 75-165 122-5-162-6
all the C.Bs. 216-7-258
Daftri 95-160 100-170 147-6-195-7
230-8-270
D Drivers 120-170 120-170 190-7-267-8
b. Clerical Jr. Staff Clerks
A Class Banks 140-315 150-350 240-10-300-
425-15-470
B Class Banks 130-270 140-315 210-10-300-
E
400-15-430
C Class Banks 115-265 140-315
Senior Clerks
A Class Banks 170-360 190-385 280-12112-380-
F 16-485-20-505
B Class Banks 155-335} 170-360 260-10-280-12112
C Class Baks 149-315} 380-15-485
c. Supe1Visory staff
Junior Accountant 245-480 245-510 365-15-490-20-
G 590-25-640
Junior Accountant 220-420}
B Class Banks 190-380} 245-480 365-12112-380-
15-500-20-620

H Regarding the staff in the Common Cadre· also, new grades will be
PATIAI.ACENTRALCO-OP. BANK LTD." PATIAI.ACENTRALCO-OP. BANK EMPLOYEES UNION 353

framed after merging D.P., in their present pays. The new grades will be A
as under:

Senior Accountants 275-530 385-15-480-20-590-25-665
Assistant Managers 375-690 485-20-525-25-725-30-815
Managers 475-930 595-30-745-35-955-40-1075 B
Fixation Fonnula

All employees may be given a pay rise of 5% of their -pay in the
revised scales mentioned above and may be fixed at the next higher stages
after adding 5% to their present basic pay including Dearness Pay. In the C
case of subordinate staff, however, one additional increment may also be
given over and above the above mentioned benefits.

Dearness Allowance.

As mentioned above, the D.P. is to be merged in the revised grades. D
The D.A. and interim relief which the employees are getting at present will
together form the D.A. This D.A. may be linked with the All India
Consumers Price Index number (Base Year 1960: 100) in such a way that
any further rise in the Index number niay be reflected to D.A. to the extent
of 100% in the case of subordinate staff and 75% in case of the other staff. E
No additional D.A. will be made unless the Index number increases by at
least four points (quarterly average).

The rate of D.A. being paid at present will be converted into per-
centage rates mentioned below for various categories of staff. This percent-
age has been worked out on the basis of the current D.A. plus relief, rates, F
rounded off in such a way that the rate can be divided by four in the case
of subordinate staff and by three in the case of others :

Category of Staff Percentage rate of DA.

Peons and Chowkidars 56 G
Drivers 40
Daftry 44
Clerk 33
t"
Senior Clerk-I 27
-t Senior Clerk-II 30 H
354 SUPREME COURT REPORTS [1996) SUPP. 6 S.C.R.

A Junior Accountants and Senior
Accountants 24.
Assistant Managers and
Managers 18

It is certified that any increase/decrease in the Index number after
B 31.3.1973 shall be added/reduced in the percentage rate mentioned above
at the rate of 100% in the case of subordinate staff and 75% in the case
of others.

TA. and DA.
c T.A. and D.A. rules as applicable at present to common cadre
employees be applied to all the employees.

This was a comprehensive agreement reached between the
Employees' Union and the management. It is not an agreement relating to
D payment of Dearness Allowance only.· The agreement was valid for a
period of four years and came to be end on 31st March, 1977. After the
agreement came to an end, disputes and differences cropped up between
the employees and the management inter alia about the payment of Dear-
ness Allowance in terms of the aforesaid agreement. The case of the
employees is that the agreement cannot be repudiated unilaterally even
E though the period of four years mentioned irt the agreement expired on
31st March, 1977. It has been contended that the agreement will continue
to be binding even after the expiry of the period mentioned in the agree-
ment expired on 31st March, 1977, by virtue of the provisions of sub-section
(2) of Section 19 of the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947. Section 19 lays down
that a settlement shall come into operation on such date as is agreed upon
F by the parties to the dispute, and if no date is agreed upon, on the cl;,at:e on
which the memorandum of the settlement is signed by the parties ,, to the
dispute. Sub-section (2) of Section 19 provides that if any settlement has
been reached between the workers and the management, that shall be
binding not only for the agreed period, but also shall continue to be binding
G on the parties after the expiry of the period mentioned in the agreement
"until the expiry of two months from the date on which a notice in writing
of an intention to terminate the settlement is given by one of the parties to
the other party or parties to the settlement."

The case of the employees is that no such notice was given, and,
H therefore, the agreement continues to be force and binding upon the
PA11Al.A CEN1RAL <X>-OP. BANK LTD. v. PA11Al.A CENTRAL <X>-OP. BANK EMPLOYEES UNION 355

management. The duty to pay Dearness Allowance at the rate specified in ~
the agreement cannot be avoided by the management by any device.

It has been further contended that Section 84-B, which was intro-
duced in the Punjab Cooperative Societies Act, 1961 by which it was laid
down that "no employee of a cooperative society shall be paid dearness
allowance at a rate higher tha~ that admissible to the employees of the
B
Government drawing pay at the same rate", cannot in any way abrogate an
agreement protected by the provisions of the Industrial Disputes Act.

On behalf of the employees; a writ petition was filed in the High
Court under Article 226 challenging the validity of Section 84-B. The case C
of the employees is that by virtue of Section 19 of the Industrial Disputes
Act, the agreement between the management and the employees cannot be
altered except in the manner laid down in the Act. Such agreements have
been given statutory force and they cannot be altered by the management
on its own without following the procedure of law. Similarly, the State D
Government cannot give any directions as to the manner of working out of
the a~eement or abridge or modify the contents of the agreement in any
manner whatever. Industrial Disputes Act being a special Act relating to
industrial disputes and, in particular, about the relationship between the
management and the employees, the agreement reached under that Act
cannot be varied or abrogated by the management unilaterally. It was E
further contended that the Punjab Cooperative Societies Act, 1961 is a
general Act relating to Cooperative Societies and it cannot curtail or
control the specific provisions of Industrial Disputes Act which is a special
Act, in any manner whatever.
F
It was held by the Division Bench of the Punjab High Court that
Section 84-B of the Punjab Cooperative Societies Act, 1961, which was
introduced by the Amending Act of 1981, could not take away the effect
of the settlement dated 28th May, 1973 which was subsisting and binding
on the date of Amendment Act came into force. Section 84-B of the J>unjab
Cooperative Societies Act was violative of the provisions of Section 19 of G
the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947. It was further held by the High Court
that change in condition of service of the employees could not be made in
respect of any of the matters mentioned in the Fourth Schedule, without
giving a prior notice in the manner prescribed by Section 19(2) of the Act.
It was held that unilateral withdrawal of the City compensatory allowance H
356 SUPREME COURT REPORTS (1996] SUPP. 6 S.C.R.

A by the employer of the workmen affected their conditions of service and
attracted mandatory provisions of Section 9-A. On the same analogy
unilateral withdrawal of dearness pay from the workmen affected the
condition of service of Class III and Class IV employees of the Co-opera-
tive Banks. Since the'provisions of Section 9-A of the Industrial Disputes
B Act, 1947 had not been complied with, the changes brought about in the
service conditions of the employees were of no consequence. It was,
therefore, held that the respondents would continue to be benefited by the
terms of the settlement dated 28th May, 1973 as before. Section 84-B of
the Punjab Cooperative Societies Act, 1961 was held to be ultra vires of the
State Legislature of Punjab and quashed. It was further held that the
C settlement dated 28th May, 1973 would continue to be valid and binding
between the parties and Class III and Class IV employees of the Coopera-
tive Banks were held entitled to claim dearness pay in terms of the
aforesaid settlement.

D On behalf of the appellant, it has been contended that an important
factual aspect has been totally ignored by the High Court in this case. It
was contended on behalf of the appellant before the High Court that a
notice under Section Section 19(2) of the Industrial Disputes Act (p.4 of
the Writ Petition) was duly issued by the (appellant and served upon the
employees. The High Court has failed to deal with this aspect of the case
E altogether. It has been stated in paragraph 2 of the Special Leave Petitidn
that it was specifically stipulated in the agreement that the agreement was
valid for a period of four years and would cease to be effective after the
expiry of 31st March, 1977. As there was no Board of Directors and the
administration was being run by the Administrator, as per provisions of
F Section 27 of the Punjab Cooperative Societies Act, the Administrator
issued a notice under Section 19(2) of the Industrial Disputes Act for
terminating the agreement dated 28.5.1973 which had expired on 31.3.1977.
The notice was issued on 25.2.1978. It has been alleged after this, the Board
of Directors of the Bank had ratified the notice by Resolution No. 7 at its
meeting held on 9.4.1978.
G
In the counter affidavit filed on behalf of the Employees' Union,
affirmed by Malinderjit Singh, General Secretary of the Employees' Union;
it has been stated that since the facts of the case as pleaded in the Special
Leave Petition are not disputed and the whole matter relates to pure
H questions of law for decision, it is not necessary for the deponent to answer
PATIAI..A CEN1RALCO-OP. BANK LTD. v. PATIAl..A CENffiAL CO-OP. BANK EMPLOYEES UNION 357

parawise the petition. In view of the submissions made above and the two A
decisions of this Hon'ble Court referred to in the affidavit, the appeals may
be dismissed with costs.

In other words, the (act that notice was given on 25.2.1978 terminat-
ing the agreement dated 28.5.1973 is not in dispute.
B
However, the case need not be decided on the technicality of the
pleadings only. After expiration of the term of the agreement dated
28.5.1973 on 31.3.1977, the agreement has not been continued unaltered. If
the legal contention on behalf of the petitioner is upheld and if it be held
that the agreement dated 28.5.1973 is still continuing by virtue of the C
provisions of sub-section (2) of Section 19, then the entire agreement
including the clause relating to the Dearness Allowance will have to be
tr7ated as still in force. The pay scales and other terms and conditions

.. relating to employment have been drastically revised upwards after the
expiration of the agreement dated 28.5.1973. From the chart of salaries,
furnished by the appellants, it appears that the pay scales have been revised D
upward in the following manner :

Category of Position as on Position as on Position as on
Post 4.6.81 1.10.81 1.1.86
Rs. Rs. Rs. E
PEON 525.32 605.84 1144.60
JR. CLERK 820.95 917.30 1838.34
SR. CLERK 943.68 1109.32 2117.69

NOTE : No minimum benefit and Interim Relief has been included while F
fixing pay as on 1.10.1981 and 1.1.1986.

There is some dispute as to the exact quantum of the enhancement
but there is no dispute that the salaries payable under the agreement dated
28.5.1973 have been drastically revised upwards at all levels thereafter.
G
Another point that has been made on behalf of the appellants which
is of substance is that in fixing pay of the Bank employees consequent upon
the revision of pay scales, the same formula which was applied for fixation
of pay scales of Punjab Government employees has been adopted. The
Bank employees have been given the benefits of proficiency step-up, master H
358 SUPREME COUR)' REPORTS [1996) SUPP. 6 S.C.R.

A scales and stepping up of pay of senior equivalent to the junior as allowed
by the Punjab Government to its employees. All these changes have
brought about substantial benefits to the employees of the Bank. In the
background of these facts, the employees cannot claim dearness allowance
in terms of the agreement dated 28.5.1973. That agreement has been given
B up for much better terms and conditions and also subsequent revision of
pay. The employees cannot be heard to say that they will enjoy all the
subsequent benefits given by the revision of pay scales, but dearness
allowance must be given in accordance with the formula contained in the
agreement dated 28.5.1973. It is not the case of the employees that the
agreement dated 28.5.1973 will have to be enforced in full.
c
There is some dispute as to the exact amount of the benefit conferred
by the various revisions in pay scales but there is no dispute that the pay
scales and other benefits now given are much better and higher than what

D
was given by the agreement dated 28.5.1973. No one wants to go back to
that agreement so far as the pay scales are concerned. I fail to see how in
the context of these facts, the employees can urge that Dearness Allowance
formula of that agreement must remain in tact but at the same time the
-
drastic changes in every other part of the agreement date9 28.5.1973 will
continue in force for the benefit of the employees.

E In view of the aforesaid, it is unnecessary to go into other questions
raised in this case. But since the question of validity and scope of Section
84-B of the Punjab Cooperative Societies Act, 1961 has be~n raised that
question will have to be examined. Sectiol). 84-B was inserted by Amend-
ment Act 26 of 1981. The section is as under :

F "84-B. Dearness Allowance - Notwithstanding anything in this Act
or any other law for the time being in force, or any agreement,
settlement or award, no employee of a Co-operative Society shall
be paid dearness allowance at a rate higher than that admissible
to the employees of the Government drawing pay at the same rate."
G This section places a bar. on payment of Dearness Allowance at a
rate higher than the rate admissible to the employees of the Government
drawing the same pay. This provision will apply to all the employees of all
the Cooperative Societies in the State of Punjab. This provision has been
specifically made applicable notwithstanding, inter alia any other law for
H the time being in force or any agreement, settlement or award.
f
PATIALACEN'IRALCO.OP.BANKL1D.v.PATIALACENIRALCO.OP.BANKEMPLOYEESUNION 359

Prima facie, there is no reason to hold that this provision will not A
apply to the agreement dated 28.5.1973 assuming that that agreement was
still in force on the date Section 84-B was introduced in the statute. It has
been contended that Industrial Disputes Act is a complete Code relating
to industrial disputes and, therefore, by the general provisions of the
Punjab Cooperative Societies Act, 1961, the applicability and scope of the
B
provisions of Industrial Disputes Act cannot be whittled down.

I am unable to uphold this contention because sub-section (2) of
Section 19 of the Industrial Disputes Act merely provides that even if the
period of the agreement has expired, the terms of the agreement will
continue to be in force unless determined in the manner laid down in C
sub-section (2) of Section 19. It does not have the effect of invalidating any
legislation altering the terms of the agreement after the period of agree-
ment comes to an end. The agreement provided for payment of Dearness
Allowance higher than what was provided by the Government to its
employees. Section 84-B specifically stated that in spite of any statutory D
provision to the contrary, or any agreement, Dearness Allowance can only
be paid upto the rate fixed by the Government for corresponding pay of
the Government Servants.

There is nothing in the wording of Section 19 of the Industrial
Disputes Act which supports this contention of the employees. Section 19 E
reads as under :

"19. Period of operation of settlements and awards. -

(1) A settlement shall come into operation on such date and is
agreed upon by the parties to the dispute, and if no date is F
agreed upon, on the date on which the memorandum of the
settlement is signed by the parties to the dispute.

(2) Such settlement shall be binding for such period as is agreed
upon by the parties, and if no such period is agreed upon, G
for a period of six months from the date on which the
memorandum of settlement is signed by the parties to the
dispute, and shall continue to be binding on the parties after
the expiry of the period aforesaid, until the expiry of two
months from the date on which a notice is writing of an
intention to terminate the settlement is given by one of the H
360 SUPREME COURT REPORTS (1996) SUPP. 6 S.C.R.

A parties to the other party or parties to the settlement."

'Settlement' has been defined in Section 2(p) as under :

"2(p) 'settlement' means a settlement arrived at in the course of
conciliation proceeding and includes a written agreement between
B the employer and workmen arrived at otherwise than in the course
of conciliation proceeding where such agreement has been signed
by the parties thereto in such manner as may be prescribed and a
copy thereof has been sent to an officer authorised In this behalf
by the appropriate Government and the conciliation officer." (

c A written agreement between the employer and workmen may con-
stitute a settlement in the circumstances mentioned in Section 2(p). But
Section 19 lays down that such agreement shall come into operation on the
agreed date between the parties to the settlement or if the date is not agree
upon, on the date on which the settlement is signed by the parties. That is
D the starting point. Sub-section (2) provides {or the period during which the
s'ettlement will be in force. It shall be binding during the period agreed
upon by the parties. If no such period is agreed upon, then the settlement
will be valid for a period of six months from the date on which . the
settlement was signed by the parties and shall continue to be binding after.
E the expiry of the aforesaid period. The settlement can be brought to an
end by serving a notice in writing by one of the parties to the other party
of its intention to terminate the settlement. If such a ·notice is given, the
settlement will remain in force for two nionths from the date on which the
notice of termination is given.

F The provisions of Section 19(2) make an agreement between the
employers and the employees binding. It also lays down the period during
which it shall be binding. It also provides the manner in which the agree-
ment can be terminated inter parties. It does not follow from this provision
that a competent legislature cannot legislate on any matter which forms
,. . . part of the agreement. Nor does Section 19 have the effect of validating
J any infirmity in the agreement. If the agreement is CO!J.trary to any. law or
if the agreement cannot be implemented without violating any proVision of
law, then the agreement cannot be enforced at all. There is nothing in
sub-section (2) of Section 19 to suggest that even such an agreement will
continue to be binding upon the employers and the employees and enfor-
H ceable against express provision of law. If after the agreement has been
PATIALACEN1RALOO-OP.BANKL1D.v.PA11ALACENIRALOO-OP.BANKFMPLOYEESUNJON 361

entered into, any law is passed and the agreement cannot be enforced A
without violating that law, then clearly the agreement cannot be enforced.
The law will prevail.

Sub-section (2) of Section 19 merely extends that period during
which the agreement will be .enforced, but it does not provide that the
agreement will be valid and binding·notwithstanding any law to the con- B
trary.

For all these reasons, this appeal is allowed. The order under appeal
is set aside. There will be no order at to costs.

Civil Appeal No. 4074 of 1988 and Civil Appeal Nos. 4075-76 of 1988. c
In view of the judgment in Civil AppeaJ No. 4390 of 1988, the above
appeals .are also allowed. There will be no order as to costs.

I respectfully agree with the conclusions arrived at by my leamed
brother Sen, J.
D
So far as the· validity of Section 84-B of the Punjab Cooperative
Societies Act, 1961 is concerned, it is enough to say that once the settle-
ment between the parties was held to have been validly terminated by the
management, there was no occasion for the High Court to have considered E
the validity of the said section and/or to have declared it void. The
judgment of the High Court declaring Section 84-B as void and illegal is
accordingly set aside herewith.

Accordingly, I agree with the final orders proposed by learned
brothers Sen and Majmudar, JJ. F
S.B. MAJMUDAR, J. I have gone through the judgment prepared
by my esteemed learned brother Sen, J. I am in entire agreement with the
finding reached by learned brother Sen, J., that the Agreement governed
by the provisions of Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 (hereinafter referred to G
as 'the Act') dated 28th May 1973 which had a life of four years, expired
on 31st March 1977 and thereafter even though its effects continued as per
Section 19 sub-Section (2) of the Act and were binding on the parties, the
entire agreement including the clause relating to dearness allowance was
terminated by one of the parties to the Agreement, namely, the Central
Cooperative Bank when the administrator appointed under Section 28 of H
362 SUPREME COURT REPORTS (1996) SUPP. 6 S.C.R.

A the Punjab Cooperative Societies Act, 1961 issued a notice dated 25th
February 1978 under Section 19(2) of the Act for terminating the said
Agreement and when the said termination was ratified by the Directors of
the Bank by Resolution No. 7 at the meeting of the Board of Directors
. . ~-
held on 9th. April 197~uently that agreement ceased to. operate
B thereafter. I also res~lly agree with the finding of my learned brother
that this aspect of the case was nof disputed on behalf of the Employees'
union in the counter affidavit affirmed by f>4aninderjit Singh, Joint
Secretary of the Employees Union and consequently the fact that notice
was given on 25th February 1978 terminating the Agreement dated 28th
May 1973 is not in dispute.
c
However on the aforesaid finding reached by my learned brother on
the facts of this case and to which I respectfully agree, in my view, no
further question survives for consideration in the present litigation between
the parties, namely, whether Section 84-B of the Punjab Cooperative
D Societies Act, 1961 inserted by Punjab Legislature by Amending Act 26 of
1981 was repugnant to the provisions of Sections 9A and 19(2) of the
Industrial Disputes Act which was a Central Legislation. The High Court
has taken the view, ignoring the factual position that the Agreement in .
question had stood terminated with effect from 25th February 1978, that ·
Section 84-B was repugnant to the aforesaid provisions of the Act and as
E the enactment of the said Section was covered by Entry 22 of the Concur-
rer.~ List ill of Schedule VII of the Constitution of India dealing with
'Trade Unions, Industrial and Labour Disputes', the said provision to the
extent of repugnancy became void as per Article 251 read with Article 254
of the Constitution of India as admittedly the said provision inserted by
F Amending 26 of 1981 was not reserved by the State Legislature for con-
sideration of the President and had not received his assent as required by
Article 254 sub-Article (2) of the Constitution. In my opinion the said
exercise was not open to the High Court on the admitted facts of the
present case. That even under Section 19(2) of the Act the said Agreement
had ceased to operate from 25th February 1978 and consequently there
G remained no question of any repugnancy of Section 84-B on the one hand
and Sections 9A and 19(2) of the Industrial Disputes Act on the other. In
short that question did not arise for consideration of the High Court on
the aforesaid well established facts on record. In my view once this factual
conclusion is arrived at as rightly arrived at by my learned brother Sen, J.,
H no occasion arises for this Court nor did it arise for the High Court to go
PATIALACEN1RALCO-OP.BANKLTD.v.PATIALACEN'IRALCO-OP.BANKEMPLOYEESUNION 363

into the legislative competence of the State Legislature in enacting Section A
84-B and to examine and pronounce upon the said question. On this short
ground, therefore, I would set aside the decision of the High Court
declaring Section 84-B as ultra vires the State Legislature on account of
repugnancy of Section 84-B with the provisions of Sections 9A and 19(2)
of the Industrial Disputes Act. The appeal of the bank is required to be
B
allowed on this short ground keeping the question of vires of Section 84-B
open for consideration in an appropriate case. However, with great respect
I do not concur with the view of my learned brother Sen, J ., that the said
Section will operate even de hors the binding agreement under Section
19(2) of the Act. On this aspect I would express no opinion as that
question, in my view, does not arise for consideration on the facts of the c
present case. I, however, agree with the final conclusion to which my
learned brother Sen, J .,-h:rs-- reached that appeals are required to be
allowed, but on the aforesaid different reasoning.

In view of the opinions delivered today, the appeals are allowed and
the judgment of the High Court is set aside subject to the observations D
made in our opinions. No orders as to costs.

H.K. Appeals allowed.