UNIVERSITY OF COCHIN, REP., BY ITS REGISTRAR UNIVERSITY OF COCHIN ETC.versusN.S. KANJOONJAMMA AND ORS. ETC.

A          UNIVERSITY OF COCHIN, REP., BY ITS REGISTRAR
                   UNIVERSITY OF COCHIN ETC.
                                          v.
                                                                                     '\I
                   N.S. KANJOONJAMMA AND ORS. ETC.


B
                                 MARCH 20, 1997

              (K. RAMASWAMY ANDS. SAGHIR AHMAD, JJ.]
                                                                                     4
          Se1vice Law :

          Kera/a State Subordi11ate Service Rule :
c
         Rules 4, 14 to 17-A-Promotio11-Reservation for Scheduled Castes
  and Scheduled Tribe;~Special recn1itme11t to Class 1 a11d Class II non-teach-
  ing posts-Advertisement issued for selection to the posts-Contesting respo11-
  dent applied for the posts but was unsuccessful-She challenged the
D recmitment-High Cowt allowed her writ petition-Held, Rules having not
  been challenged, the University has properly made applicable the mle;~Rule
  4 is i11applicable to the special recmitment-Contesting respondent having
  participated i11 the selection, she is estopped from challenging the c01rectness
  of the procedure-High Cowt en-ed in allowing the writ petition of the
E contesting respondent-Appeal allowed-Estoppel.
         CIVIL APPELLATE JURISDICTION: Civil Appeal No. 2223 of
    1985 Etc.

         From the Judgment and Order dated 13.2.85 of the Kerala High
    Court in O.P. No. 5366 of 1982.
F
            K. John Mathew, (E.M.S. Anam) (NP), N. Sudhakaran and K.R.R.
     Pillai for the appearing parties.

           The following Order of the Court was delivered :
G          These appeals by special leave arise from the judgment of the
     Division Bench of the Kerala High Court, made on February 13, 1985 in
     OP No. 5366/1982. The contesting first respondent, a Section Officer in the
     University, appointed by direct recruitment, challenged the promotion of
     V. Vasudevan as Deputy Registrar and P.K. Sudhakaran as Assistant
H    Registrar of the Cochin University. The facts are that the Syndicate in its
                                         150
           UNIVERSITY OF COCHIN v. N.S. KANJOON JAMl\1A                     151

  Resolution dated December 3, 1980 adopted Rules 14 to 17-A of the                A
. Kerala State and Subordinate Services Rules (for short, the 'Rules') so as
  to be applicable to the University in the matter of recruitment., The
  Syndicate in its meeting dated January 20, 1981 resolved that non-teaching
  posts in the University in Class I, Class III and Class IV would be made
  available for application of rule of reservation in the matter of promotion      B
  to the Schedule Castes and Scheduled Tribes. In Resolution dated March
  7, 1981, the Syndicate further resolved that special recruitment to six vacant
  posts be advertised for recruitment of the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled
  Tribes declaring them to reserved posts. By further Resolution dated
  October 1, 1981, it resolved to recommend constitution of Staff Selection
  Committee for recruitment of those candidates. By a further Resolution           C
  dated June 4, 1982, the Syndicate authorised the Vice-Chancellor to con-
  stitute the Selection Committee to make selection. Accordiugly, the Vice-
  Chancellor constituted a Selection Committee. The advertisement was
  made for recruitment to fill up the said six posts. The respondents 3 and
  4, candidates above-named and the first respondent along with others             D
  applied for the said posts and were interviewed by the Selection Committee
  on July 17, 1982. It selected and the appointment of respondents 3 and 4
  came to be made on July 20, 1982. Accordingly, the Syndicate approved of
  the selection by its proceedings of the even date and appointed respon-
  dents 3 and 4 as Deputy Registrar and Assistant Registrar respectively.
                                                                                   E
       The first respondent, as stated earlier, filed writ petition in the High
 Court questioning the correctness of the appointment of Respondents 3
 and 4 on the ground that when selection was made, there was no rule for
 special recruitment of the reserved candidates. The Rules have not been
 specifically applied for special recruitment and, therefore, the selection and    F
 appointment of the respondents is not in accordance with law. The Rule
 is when inservice candidates were available, direct recruitment could not
 be resorted to. That contention found favour with the High Court. Thus,
 these appeals by special leave.

                                                                                   G
        The only question that arises for consideration is : whether the view
 taken by the High Court is correct in law? Rules 14 to 17A of the Rules
 relate to the reservation of the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes and
 the method of recruitment has been provided therein and Rule 17-A reads
 asm~:                                                                             H
    152                   SUPREME COURT REPORTS                   [1997] 3 S.C.R.

A           "Special recruitment from among the Scheduled Castes and
            Scheduled Tribes -

             Notwithstanding anything contained in these rules or in the special
             rules, the State Government may reserve a specified number of
             posts in any service, class, category to be filled by direct recruit-
B
             ment exclusively from among the members of the Scheduled Castes
             and Scheduled Tribes.

             This rule shall be deemed to have come into force \vith effect from
             November 25, 1959."
c
         It is not in dispute that Rules 14 to 17-A having specifically been
  adopted by the aforesaid Resolutions of the Syndicate and approved by the
  University, the power of the University to adopt the Rules has not been
  challenged. The aforesaid Resolutions do indicate that the University has
D properly made of Rules 14 to 17- A applicable in relation to the recruit-
  ment of non-teaching staff to the University in certain posts, viz., Class I,
  Class III and Class IV. In furtherance thereof, the Vice-Chancellor was
  authorised by the Syndicate to advertise the posts and constitute a Selec-
  tion Committee for recruitment of the candidates. In furtherance thereof,
  a Committee was constituted. Advertisement came to be made. It is seen
E that when the general rules have been made applicable there is no necessity
  by the University to make a special reservation rule for special recruit-
  ment. Therefore, the non-mention of the special recruitment in the Resolu-
  tion is of little consequence. As seen the Syndicate adopted the Rules in
  relation to the non-teaching staff of the University. As a consequence, the
p advertisement came to be made for special recruitment of the Scheduled
  Castes and Scheduled Tribes to the posts reserved for them. In fact, the
  first respondent also had applied for and sought selection but remained
  unsuccessful. Having participated in the selection, she is estopped to
  challenge the correctness of the procedure. That apart, we have already
  held that procedure was correctly followed and, therefore, the omission to
G mention in the advertisement that it was a special recruitment .is of no
  consequence. The further finding of the High Court relates to proviso 1 to
  Rule 4 which provides that when duly qualified candidates are available,
  the appointment shall be made to them. In other words, if duly qualified
  candidates are not available, then advertisement could be made for selec-
H tion. That rule is applicable to the general recruitment. But with reference
          UNIVERSITY OF COCHIN v. N.S. KANJOON JAMMA                     153

to the special recruitment of the candidates belonging to the Scheduled         A
Castes and Scheduled Tribes, Rules 14 to 17-A stand attracted. In addition,
as seen earlier, the advertisement came to be made as early as on April 22,
1982 by which time the Resolution of the Syndicate was not adopted, the
same having been adopted on March 7, 1982. So, Rule 4 is inapplicable to
the special recruitment advertised on October 1, 1981. Therefore, the later_    B
Resolution applying Rule 4 has no retrospective effect. It is contended by
the learned counsel for the respondent No. 1 that respondents 3 and 4 have
left the jobs and so there is no need to disturb the appointment of the first
respondent. As they are said to be on foreign service, they are entitled t<?
join back on their posts. Thus considered, the High Court was clearly in
error in (\llowing the writ petition.                                           c
     The appeals are, accordingly, allowed. The writ petition stands dis-
missed. No eosts.

R.P.                                                       Appeal allowed.