Created byFuzzy Cloud

Supreme Court of India

SUNEETHA NARREDDY & ANOTHERversusTHE CENTRAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION AND OTHERS

Citation
2022 INSC 1238
Decided
29 November 2022
Disposal
Appeal(s) allowed

Holding

A criminal trial must be transferred when there is a reasonable apprehension that a fair and independent trial cannot be conducted in the original jurisdiction, to ensure that justice is both done and seen to be done.

Summary

The petitioners, the daughter and wife of the deceased Y.S. Vivekananda Reddy, sought transfer of the CBI trial concerning his mysterious murder from the CBI Special Court in Kadapa to a court outside Andhra Pradesh, alleging threats to witnesses and potential bias in the investigation. They argued that key witnesses had either been intimidated, disappeared, or died under suspicious circumstances, and that the CBI had halted further inquiry due to false complaints, creating a reasonable apprehension of an unfair trial. The respondents, including the CBI and the State of Andhra Pradesh, contended that no concrete threat had been proven and that transferring the case would prejudice the accused and cause hardship to witnesses. The Court examined precedents on transfer of criminal cases, emphasizing that the apprehension of unfairness must be reasonable, not imaginary, and that a free and fair trial is a sine qua non of Article 21. Finding that the petitioners' concerns were substantiated by the death of a key witness and the existence of protected witnesses, the Court held that the case warranted transfer to ensure justice is both done and seen to be done, and ordered the trial to be moved to the CBI Special Court, Hyderabad, directing the CBI to complete the investigation independently.

Issues considered

  • The petitioners' apprehension of witness intimidation and bias in the investigation constitutes a reasonable ground for transfer of the criminal trial under Sections 406 and 407 of the CrPC.
  • Whether the alleged threats to witnesses and the cessation of further CBI investigation amount to a violation of the right to a fair trial under Article 21 of the Constitution.
  • Whether transferring the trial to a court outside Andhra Pradesh would cause undue hardship to witnesses or prejudice the accused's right to defence.

Legislation cited

Subjects

Transfer of criminal trialFair trialArticle 21Article 32Witness protectionCBI investigationLarger conspiracyJusticeCriminal Procedure Code

Judgment

                          [2022] 8 S.C.R. 745                              745


             SUNEETHA NARREDDY & ANOTHER                                   A
                                   v.
THE CENTRAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION AND OTHERS
              (Writ Petition (Criminal) No.169 of 2022)
                        NOVEMBER 29, 2022                                  B
          [M. R. SHAH AND M. M. SUNDRESH, JJ.]
       Transfer of Criminal Trial – Fair and Independent Trial –
Petition pertaining to the mysterious death of uncle of the Chief
Minister of Andhra Pradesh – Writ petition filed by the daughter
                                                                           C
and the wife of the deceased seeking transfer of trial and direction
to the CBI for duly completing the investigation in time bound manner
– Apprehension of petitioners that star witnesses/witnesses were
having life threat perceptions and that some of the witnesses were
already influenced and that justice will not be done and/or there
shall not be a fair trial – Held: Justice is not only to be done but the   D
justice is seen to have been done also – Free and fair trial is sine
qua non of Art.21 of the Constitution – CBI/investigating agency
stopped further investigation due to apprehension of harassment
and filing of frivolous/false complaint – There was a reasonable
apprehension that there shall not be any fair investigation so far as
                                                                           E
the further investigation on larger conspiracy and destruction of
evidence was concerned – One of the key witnesses initially
volunteered to give his statement, thereafter he did not turn up to
get his statement recorded and thereafter he died under mysterious
circumstance – Petitioners being daughter and wife of the deceased
have a fundamental right to get justice as victim – This is a fit case     F
to transfer the trial and further investigation on larger conspiracy
and destruction of evidence to the State other than the State of
Andhra Pradesh – Trial ordered to be transferred to the CBI Special
Court, Hyderabad – Constitution of India – Arts. 21 and 32.
      Allowing the writ petition, the Court                                G
      HELD: 1. From the facts, it emerges that one of the key
witnesses though initially he volunteered to give his statement
under Section 164 Cr.P.C. and the CBI submitted an application
to record his statement under Section 164 Cr.P.C., thereafter he
did not turn up to get his statement recorded and on the contrary          H
                                  745
746            SUPREME COURT REPORTS                      [2022] 8 S.C.R.


A     he made a statement before the media that he was being
      pressurised by the CBI. That thereafter he died under mysterious
      circumstances. Considering these facts and circumstances, it
      cannot be said that apprehension on the part of the petitioners
      being daughter and wife of the deceased that there may not be a
      fair trial and that there may not be any independent and fair
B
      investigation with respect to further investigation on larger
      conspiracy and destruction of evidence at the scene of incident
      is imaginary and/or has no substance at all. The petitioners being
      daughter and wife of the deceased have a fundamental right to
      get justice as victim and they have a legitimate expectation that
C     criminal trial is being conducted in a fair and impartial manner
      and uninfluenced by any extraneous considerations. Under the
      circumstances, This Court is of the opinion that this is a fit case
      to transfer the trial and further investigation on larger conspiracy
      and destruction of evidence to the State other than the State of
      Andhra Pradesh. [Paras 12 and 13][754-E-H; 755-A]
D
            2. As per the settled position of law, justice is not only to
      be done but the justice is seen to have been done also. As per
      the settled position of law, free and fair trial is sine qua non of
      Article 21 of the Constitution. If the criminal trial is not free and
      fair and if it is biased, judicial fairness and the criminal justice
E     system would be at stake, shaking the confidence of the public in
      the system. However, at the same time, looking to the large
      number of witnesses to be examined during the trial and no
      hardship is caused to those witnesses, This Court is of the opinion
      that instead of transferring the trial to New Delhi, it may be
F     transferred to CBI Special Court at Hyderabad. The trial is hereby
      ordered to be transferred to the CBI Special Court, Hyderabad.
      All the relevant papers including chargesheet/supplementary
      chargesheet are now to be transferred to the CBI Special Court,
      Hyderabad. The CBI is also directed to complete the further
      investigation/investigation in the aforesaid FIR on the larger
G     conspiracy and destruction of evidence, as observed by the High
      Court earlier, at the earliest and it goes without saying that it
      must be done independently and in an unbiased manner. [Paras
      14 and 15][755-B-E]

H
   SUNEETHA NARREDDY & ANOTHER v. THE CENTRAL                                 747
       BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION AND OTHERS

      Amarinder Singh v. Parkash Singh Badal (2009) 6 SCC                     A
      260 : [2009] 9 SCR 194 – followed.
      Abdul Nazar Madani v. State of T.N. (2000) 6 SCC 204
      : [2000] 3 SCR 1028; Jayendra Saraswathy Swamigal
      (II) v. State of T.N. (2005) 8 SCC 771 : [2005] 4 Suppl.
       SCR 556- referred to.                                                  B
                         Case Law Reference
[2009] 9 SCR 194                  followed                  Para 4.4
[2000] 3 SCR 1028                 referred to               Para 7
[2005] 4 Suppl. SCR 556           referred to               Para 7.1          C
      CRIMINAL ORIGINAL JURISDICTION : Writ Petition
(Criminal) No.169 of 2022.
            (Under Article 32 of The Constitution of India)
       Siddharth Luthra, Siddhartha Dave, Sr. Advs., Ms. Jesal Wahi,
Anmol Kheta, Ms. Cheshta Jetly, Ms. Vidhi Thaker, Advs. for the               D
Petitioners.
      K. M Nataraj, ASG, S. Niranjan Reddy, Guru Krishnakumar, Kapil
Sibal, Sr Advs., Ms. Swarupama Chaturvedi, Vatsal Joshi,Vinayak
Sharma, Nakul Chengappa K.K., Arvind Kumar Sharma, Mahfooz Ahsan
Nazki, Polanki Gowtham, Ms. Rajeswari Mukherjee, Shaik Mohamad                E
Haneef, T. Vijaya Bhaskar Reddy, K.V. Girish Chowdary, Ms. Akhila
Palem, Abhishek Sharma, Sahil Raveen, Ashutosh Dubey, R.
Krishnaamorthi, Mohit Jaiswal, Dhruv Gosoami, Shiv Sagar Tiwari, Nepal
Singh, Ms. Aakanksha Tiwari, Venkatesh Rajput, Ananga Bhattacharyya,
Rohit Rao. N., Ms. Devahuti Tamuli, Ms. Ekta Pradhan, Ms. Anushka
Singh, M/s Veritas Legis, Advs. for the Respondents.                          F
      The Judgment of the Court was delivered by
      M. R. SHAH, J.
       1. The present writ petition under Article 32 of the Constitution of
India has been preferred by the daughter and the wife of the deceased         G
– Y.S. Vivekananda Reddy, seeking transfer of trial arising out of RC-
04(S)/2020/CBI/SC-III/New Delhi from CBI Special Court, Kadapa,
Andhra Pradesh to the CBI Special Court, Hyderabad or CBI Special
Court, New Delhi, and also to direct the CBI for duly completing the
investigation in the aforesaid FIR in a time bound manner.
                                                                              H
748             SUPREME COURT REPORTS                            [2022] 8 S.C.R.


A            2. Shri Siddharth Luthra, learned Senior Advocate appearing on
      behalf of the petitioners has submitted that the incident pertains to the
      mysterious death of late Shri Y.S. Vivekananda Reddy, the brother of
      late Shri Y.S. Rajasekhara Reddy (former Chief Minister of the united
      State of Andhra Pradesh) and uncle of Shri Y.S. Jaganmohan Reddy,
      the present Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh and the opposite leader at
B
      the time of the incident.
             2.1 It is submitted that the deceased was brutally murdered on
      the intervening night of 14-15/03.2019 in his house. It is submitted that
      the then State Government constituted a Special Investigation Team (SIT).
      However, subsequently, petitioner No.2 and Shri Y. Jaganmohan Reddy
C     filed petitions before the High Court of Andhra Pradesh for transfer of
      investigation to the CBI. It is submitted that thereafter the elections to
      the State Assembly were held on 11.04.2019 and Shri Y. Jaganmohan
      Reddy became the Chief Minister and took oath on 30.05.2019.
      Thereafter, the SIT was re-constituted twice, but there was no progress
D     in the investigation and therefore petitioner No.1 was constrained to
      approach the High Court to transfer the investigation to the CBI. However,
      Shri Y. Jaganmohan Reddy withdrew his petition for transferring the
      investigation to the CBI and the State also opposed such transfer.
      However, the High Court was pleased to transfer the investigation to
      the CBI.
E
             2.2 It is submitted that thereafter and after the CBI took over the
      investigation, there was substantial progress and in the course of time,
      five accused have been arrested and the chargesheet and the
      supplementary chargesheet have been filed. It is submitted that however,
      though in the chargesheet, the role of one Y.S. Avinash Reddy, who is a
F     sitting Member of Parliament from the ruling party in Andhra Pradesh
      came to light and he was mentioned as a suspect and he played a key
      role in the destruction of the evidence and spreading false news that the
      deceased died due to heart attack, the said Y.S. Avinash Reddy has not
      yet been arrested and the State authorities and the influential people in
G     the State are using all kinds of tactics to scuttle the investigation with the
      aim to shield the said Y.S. Avinash Reddy and his close associate D.
      Shiv Shankar Reddy (A5). It is submitted that not only that, a false
      complaint came to be filed against the officers of the CBI and the CBI
      officers were constrained to approach the High Court against the said
      complaint and the High Court was pleased to stay all further proceedings.
H
  SUNEETHA NARREDDY & ANOTHER v. THE CENTRAL                                    749
BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION AND OTHERS [M. R. SHAH, J.]

It is submitted that however the investigation has been stalled due to the      A
pendency of the complaint and the CBI officers leaving Andhra Pradesh.
It is submitted that thereafter the CBI officers have not resumed
investigation anticipating more false complaints at the behest of the
accused and interference by the State authorities if they resume
investigation by travelling to Andhra Pradesh.
                                                                                B
       2.3 It is submitted that the people involved in the crime, with the
aid and active participation of the State authorities and influential people
in the State are making conscious efforts to scuttle the investigation and
protect the culprits by influencing the witnesses, the investigation, and
the judicial process.
                                                                                C
      2.4 It is submitted that the lives of the key witnesses and accused,
specially one Shaik Dastagiri (A4) and one Ranganna (PW61) are in
danger. It is submitted that one of the key witnesses has died in a
suspicious manner.
        2.5 It is submitted that one of the witnesses who initially agreed to
                                                                                D
give his statement under Section 164 Cr.P.C. has been subsequently
scared and he has been taken back on duty and thereafter he has refused
to give his statement under Section 164 Cr.P.C. It is submitted that
therefore all pressure tactics are being adopted not to further investigate.
It is submitted that as the witnesses are under threat, the petitioners are
apprehending that they may not get justice and therefore it is prayed to        E
transfer the trial either to New Delhi or Hyderabad.
       2.6 It is further submitted that even some witnesses are provided
with special security considering life threat perception to them. It is
submitted that therefore the petitioners have reasonable apprehension
that there shall not be any fair and independent trial if the same is           F
continued at CBI Special Court, Kadapa, Andhra Pradesh.
      3. Shri K.M. Nataraj, learned Additional Solicitor General of India
has appeared on behalf of the respondent -CBI. A counter affidavit has
been filed on behalf of the CBI.
       3.1 It is submitted that in light of the observations made by the        G
High Court of Andhra Pradesh at Amravati, further investigation of the
case is still continuing on the issue of larger conspiracy for murder and
destruction of evidence at the scene of crime.
      3.2 Now so far as the allegation of the applicants on influence/
inducement/threat to the witnesses and the false and frivolous complaints       H
750             SUPREME COURT REPORTS                            [2022] 8 S.C.R.


A     against the officers of the CBI/investigating agency is concerned, it is
      submitted that the events unfolded during the course of investigation do
      indicate that several witnesses in the case are being influenced at the
      behest of the accused D. Siva Shankar Reddy (A5) and his close
      associates. It is reported that three star witnesses are already suspected
      to have come under the influence of A5 and other conspirators.
B
             3.3 It is submitted that in the course of investigation, one K.
      Gangadhar Reddy, a criminal and a close associate of the accused D.
      Siva Shankar Reddy (A5) himself had approached CBI and thereafter
      his statement under Section 161 Cr.P.C. was recorded. It is submitted
      that he volunteered to give the statement to the learned Magistrate.
C     Therefore, the investigating officer of CBI, to get his statement recorded
      before the learned Court, filed an application and vide order dated
      27.11.2021 the learned Court nominated the learned Judicial Magistrate
      (First Class), Jamalamudugu to record the statement of K. Gangadhar
      Reddy under section 164 Cr.P.C. However, on 29.11.2021, the said K.
D     Gangadhar Reddy did not attend the court of JMFC, Jamalamudugu to
      give his statement under Section 164 Cr.P.C. It is submitted that on the
      contrary he gave a statement before the media that he is being pressurised
      by the CBI to give statement. It is submitted that thereafter the said K.
      Gangadhar Reddy had died under suspicious circumstances on 9.6.2022
      in his house. It is submitted that one another witness, namely, J.
E     Shankaraiah was suspended for dereliction of duty in connection with
      the incident and whose statement was earlier recorded under section
      161 Cr.P.C. was to appear for recording his statement under Section
      164 Cr.P.C., however, he has been warned over and initially he did not
      appear for recording his statement pursuant to the order dated 30.09.2021.
F     However, thereafter his suspension came to be revoked on 6.10.2021
      and he was reinstated in service and therefore thereafter he is not
      appearing for recording his statement under section 164 Cr.P.C.
              3.4 It is submitted that two star witnesses are already under the
      police protection, considering the life threat perception to them. Therefore,
G     it is submitted that there are all possibilities of influencing the witnesses
      and/or tampering with the evidence and there shall not be a fair further
      investigation on the larger conspiracy as the officers of the CBI/
      investigating agency are also pressurised and given threats and even
      false FIR is filed against them.

H
  SUNEETHA NARREDDY & ANOTHER v. THE CENTRAL                                        751
BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION AND OTHERS [M. R. SHAH, J.]

      4. Shri S. Niranjan Reddy, learned Senior Advocate has appeared               A
on behalf of the State and has opposed the present petition. We have
heard Shri Kapil Sibbal and Shri Guru Krishnakumar, learned Senior
Advocates appearing on behalf of the respective respondents/impleaders,
who are opposing the present writ petition. The present petition is also
opposed by the learned counsel appearing on behalf of respondent No.4.
                                                                                    B
A counter affidavit is also filed on behalf of respondent No.4.
      4.1 While opposing the present petition, learned senior counsel/
counsel appearing on behalf of the respondents/impleaders have
vehemently submitted that the present petition for the reliefs sought may
not be entertained.
                                                                                    C
        4.2 It is submitted that the primary contentions of the petitioners
are in relation to witnesses being influenced and threat to lives of accused
No.4 – the approver and other witnesses. It is submitted that no real
threat perception to either the life of the accused or to the witnesses has
been established by the petitioners. It is submitted that more than three
years have passed since the murder of the deceased has happened, but                D
none of the witnesses or accused has approached the police, CBI or
Courts and alleged any threat to life.
      4.3 It is submitted that in fact to witnesses, namely, Shaik Dastagiri
and Ranganna have already been granted protection by the Sessions
Court under the Witness Protection Scheme, 2018.                                    E

       4.4 Relying upon the decision of this Court in the case of
Amarinder Singh v. Parkash Singh Badal, (2009) 6 SCC 260, it is
submitted that as observed and held by this Court, the apprehension of
not getting a fair and impartial enquiry/trial is required to be reasonable
and not imaginary.                                                                  F
       4.5 It is submitted that relief of transfer of trial sought in the present
petition has a direct bearing on the right of defence of the accused.
       4.6 It is further submitted that in the present case the chargesheet/
supplementary chargesheet have been filed. It is submitted that there
                                                                                    G
are more than 250 witnesses to be examined and therefore if the trial is
transferred to Delhi and/or outside the State of Andhra Pradesh, it may
not only cause undue hardship to those witnesses but in fact may also
prejudice the accused and therefore there may not be chances of a fair
trial.
                                                                                    H
752             SUPREME COURT REPORTS                            [2022] 8 S.C.R.


A            5. We have heard learned counsel for the respective parties at
      length.
            The present petition pertains to the mysterious death of late Y.S.
      Vivekananda Reddy, the brother of late Y.S. Rajasekhara Reddy (former
      Chief Minister of the united State of Andhra Pradesh) and uncle of Y.S.
B     Jaganmohan Reddy, the present Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh and
      the opposite leader at the time of the incident. The present petitioner
      No.1 Dr. Suneetha Narreddy is the daughter of the deceased. She is a
      Doctor by profession. The present petition under Article 32 of the
      Constitution of India has been filed by the daughter and wife of the
      deceased, seeking transfer of trial arising out of RC-04(S)/2020/CBI/
C     SC-III/New Delhi from CBI Special Court, Kadapa, Andhra Pradesh to
      the CBI Special Court, Hyderabad or CBI Special Court, New Delhi,
      and also to direct the CBI for duly completing the investigation in the
      aforesaid FIR in a time bound manner.
             6. It is apprehended on behalf of the petitioners that star witnesses/
D     witnesses are having life threat perceptions and that some of the witnesses
      are already influenced. Therefore, it is apprehended that there is every
      likelihood that there may not be a fair and impartial trial and even further
      investigation on the issue of larger conspiracy for murder and destruction
      of evidence at the scene of crime because of the influence on the part of
E     the accused and the State machinery.
           7. In the case of Abdul Nazar Madani v. State of T.N., (2000)
      6 SCC 204, in paragraph 7, it is observed and held as under:
            “7. The purpose of the criminal trial is to dispense fair and impartial
            justice uninfluenced by extraneous considerations. When it is
F           shown that public confidence in the fairness of a trial would be
            seriously undermined, any party can seek the transfer of a case
            within the State under Section 407 and anywhere in the country
            under Section 406 CrPC. The apprehension of not getting a fair
            and impartial inquiry or trial is required to be reasonable and not
G           imaginary, based upon conjectures and surmises. If it appears
            that the dispensation of criminal justice is not possible impartially
            and objectively and without any bias, before any court or even at
            any place, the appropriate court may transfer the case to another
            court where it feels that holding of fair and proper trial is conducive.
            No universal or hard and fast rules can be prescribed for deciding
H
  SUNEETHA NARREDDY & ANOTHER v. THE CENTRAL                                   753
BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION AND OTHERS [M. R. SHAH, J.]

      a transfer petition which has always to be decided on the basis of       A
      the facts of each case. Convenience of the parties including the
      witnesses to be produced at the trial is also a relevant consideration
      for deciding the transfer petition…..”
     7.1 Similar view has been expressed in the case of Jayendra
Saraswathy Swamigal (II) v. State of T.N., (2005) 8 SCC 771.                   B
       8. It is true that as per the settled position of law and even as
observed and held by this Court in the case of Amarinder Singh (supra)
for transfer of a criminal case, there must be a reasonable apprehension
on the part of the party to a case that justice may not be done. It is also
observed in the said decision that it is one of the principles of              C
administration of justice that justice should not only be done but it should
be seen to be done. As observed by this Court in the aforesaid decision,
however, the Court has to see whether the apprehension alleged is
reasonable or not. The apprehension must not only be imaginary, but
must appear to the court to be a reasonable apprehension.
                                                                               D
      9. Now let us consider whether the apprehension that justice will
not be done and/or there shall not be a fair trial, is reasonable or not.
       The deceased was murdered on 14-15/03/2019 in his house. The
then State Government constituted a SIT. Subsequently, petitioner No.2
and Y. Jaganmohan Reddy (the present Chief Minister) filed petitions           E
before the High Court of Andhra Pradesh for transfer of investigation to
CBI. That thereafter the allegations to the State Assembly were held on
11.04.2019 and the said Y. Jaganmohan Reddy became the Chief Minister
and took oath on 30.05.2019. Thereafter, the SIT was re-constituted
twice, but there was no progress in the investigation and therefore
petitioner No.2 was constrained to approach the High Court for transfer        F
of investigation to CBI. However, in view of the changed circumstances,
Y. Jaganmohan Reddy withdrew his petition to transfer the investigation
to CBI and the State opposed such transfer. However, the High Court
was pleased to transfer the investigation to the CBI and that is how the
CBI took over the investigation. During the course of investigation, the       G
CBI filed chargesheet/supplementary chargesheet. However, pursuant
to the order passed by the High Court, further investigation by the CBI
on the issue of larger conspiracy of murder and destruction of evidence
at the scheme of crime is still continuing. During the course of further
investigation on the larger conspiracy, an FIR against the officers of the
                                                                               H
754            SUPREME COURT REPORTS                          [2022] 8 S.C.R.


A     CBI is filed which has been stayed by the High Court. It appears that
      therefore apprehending harassment and filing false/frivolous complaints,
      the CBI/investigating agency stopped further investigation. Therefore,
      there is a reasonable apprehension that there shall not be any fair
      investigation so far as the further investigation on larger conspiracy and
      destruction of evidence is concerned.
B
             10. Even two key witnesses, namely, Shaik Dastagiri and Ranganna
      are already given the police protection under the Witnesses Protection
      Scheme, 2018, pursuant to the order passed by the learned Sessions
      Court, considering the life threat perception. Even in the response to the
      present petition, learned counsel appearing on behalf of the State has
C     also produced the orders passed by the competent authority granting
      police protection to two witnesses.
            11. As observed hereinabove, one of the witnesses who was to
      record his statement under Section 164 Cr.P.C. has not appeared for
      recording of his statement, though initially he volunteered to given the
D     statement under Section 164 Cr.P.C. The reason seems to be that
      thereafter his suspension order has been revoked and he has been taken
      back on duty.
             12. From the facts narrated hereinabove, it emerges that one of
      the key witnesses, namely, K. Gangadhar Reddy, though initially he
E     volunteered to give his statement under Section 164 Cr.P.C. and the
      CBI submitted an application to record his statement under Section 164
      Cr.P.C., thereafter he did not turn up to get his statement recorded and
      on the contrary he made a statement before the media that he was being
      pressurised by the CBI. That thereafter he has died under mysterious
F     circumstances.
             13. Considering the aforesaid facts and circumstances, it cannot
      be said that apprehension on the part of the petitioners being daughter
      and wife of the deceased that there may not be a fair trial and that there
      may not be any independent and fair investigation with respect to further
G     investigation on larger conspiracy and destruction of evidence at the
      scene of incident is imaginary and/or has no substance at all. The
      petitioners being daughter and wife of the deceased have a fundamental
      right to get justice as victim and they have a legitimate expectation that
      criminal trial is being conducted in a fair and impartial manner and
      uninfluenced by any extraneous considerations. Under the circumstances,
H
  SUNEETHA NARREDDY & ANOTHER v. THE CENTRAL                                        755
BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION AND OTHERS [M. R. SHAH, J.]

we are of the opinion that this is a fit case to transfer the trial and further     A
investigation on larger conspiracy and destruction of evidence to the
State other than the State of Andhra Pradesh.
       14. As per the settled position of law, justice is not to be done but
the justice is seen to have been done also. As per the settled position of
law, free and fair trial is sine qua non of Article 21 of the Constitution. If      B
the criminal trial is not free and fair and if it is biased, judicial fairness
and the criminal justice system would be at stake, shaking the confidence
of the public in the system. However, at the same time, looking to the
large number of witnesses to be examined during the trial and no hardship
is caused to those witnesses, we are of the opinion that instead of
transferring the trial to New Delhi, it may be transferred to CBI Special           C
Court at Hyderabad.
       15. In view of the above and for the reasons stated above, the
present writ petition is allowed. The trial arising out of RC-04(S)/2020/
CBI/SC-III/New Delhi from CBI Special Court, Kadapa, Andhra
Pradesh is hereby ordered to be transferred to the CBI Special Court,               D
Hyderabad. All the relevant papers including chargesheet/supplementary
chargesheet are now to be transferred to the CBI Special Court,
Hyderabad. The CBI is also directed to complete the further investigation/
investigation in the aforesaid FIR on the larger conspiracy and destruction
of evidence, as observed by the High Court earlier, at the earliest and it          E
goes without saying that it must be done independently and in an unbiased
manner.

Devika Gujral                                              Writ petition allowed.
(Assisted by : Shubhanshu Das, LCRA)
                                                                                    F




                                                                                    G




                                                                                    H


Search Indian case law

Ask in plain English, not just keywords. 25,000 AI words free, no card.

Try "Transfer of criminal trial"Sign in to search

For a digitally signed copy suitable for filing, refer to the court's own website. Only the court can issue one.