STATE OF UTTAR PRADESH AND ORS.versusK. M. RAMONA PERHAR

              STATE OF UTTAR PRADESH AND ORS.                                      A
                                      v.
                        KM. RAMONA PERHAR

                           SEPTEMBER 2, 1994

 [M.N. VENKATACHALIAH, CJ., AND B.P. JEEVAN REDDY, J.]
                                                                                   B

      Admission to Professional Cour!es-M.B.B.S.-Transfer from Kar-
nataka tO Uttar Pradeslt--Rejected by U.P. Government in accordance with
its policy decision--High Court directing trans[er without reference to
Government's policy-Held such orders cannot he sustarned.                          C
      Constitution of India, 1950:

      Art. 226-Power of judicial review-Not to be exercised as· a matter of
course without reference to the legal principles governing the power.
                                                                                   D
      Practice & Procedure:

       Interim orders-Passing of-l'ower to do so coupled with duty to
consider all relevant facts and legal principles-Admission .to educational
institutions not to be granted by interim orders without fully hearing the other   E
side.

      The respondent obtained admission in a private medical college in
Karnataka in 1990. In 1992 she applied for a transfer to Allahabad. The
request was rejected following the U.P. Government's policy that no one
outside the State shall be permitted to be transferred to a medical college        F
within the State. The respondent filed a writ petition before the High
Court.

       On 2.4.1992 the· Single Judge before whom the matter was listed
 asked the Standing Counsel for U.P. to obtain instru.ctions from the
 Gc~·ernment. On 7.4.1992 the matter was listed again and the Single Judge         G
,granted three more weeks' time to the Standing Counsel for filing counter
 affidavit and at the same time passed an order to provisionally admit the
 respondent. Ultimately, by order dated 12.11.1992 another Single Judge
 before whom the matter was listed allowed the writ petition. Against this
 order the State Government preferred the present appeal.                          H
                                      75
    ?6                    SUPREME COURT REPORTS [1994] SUPP. 3 S.<?..R.

A           Allowing the appeal, this Court

           HELD : 1. A mandatory Interim order, which had the consequence
    of displacing the student from a private college in Karnataka to a govern-
    ment college in Allahabad was passed as a matter of routine. This court
    has emphasised in several decisions that passing of iqterim orders • more
B   particularly of a mandatory natur~ like the present one • is neither a
    matter of course nor a matter of charity. The power to grant interim orders
    is ·coupled with the duty to consider all the relevant facts and legal
    principles relevant in that behalf. Admissions to educational institutions .
    should not be granted by interim orders • at any rate, not without fully
C   hearing the respondents. [78-C-D]

      · 2. The learned Single Judge who finally disposed of the writ petition
  was conscious of the fact that the order of the Government admitting the
  petitioner. into a college in U.P. was in obedience to the aforesaid interim
  orders of the High Court and yet such order of the govt. was made the
D basis for allowing the writ petition. In this order too, there is no reference
  to the government's policy. Nor was any effort made to find out how many
  others have applied for such transfer and who among them is more
  deserving. Again the matter appears to have been dealt with as a matter
  of course without reference to the relevant legal principles governing the
E power of judicial review vested in High Court by Article 226 of the Con-
  stitution. [79-B]            ·

          3. The respondent has invited the said orders and _she has to take
    the consequences flowing from their invalidation. Siinilar matters are
    being heard by the Allahabad. High Court now and it is but proper that
F   this matter too is remitted to the High Court for an appropriate 'decision
    on merits in accordance with law. [79-D]

            CIVIL APPELLATE JURISDICTION : Civil Appeal No. 5874 of
    1994.
G
          From the Judgment and Order dated 12.11.92 of the Allahabad High
     Court in C.M.W.P. No. 11612 of 1992.

            Ms. Rachna (}upta and R.R Misra for the Appellants.

H           Sumi Gupta and H.K. Puri for the Respondent.
                     STATEv. RAMONAPERHAR                               77

      The following Order of the Court was delivered :                        A
      Leave granted. Heard counsel for both the parties.

     The appeal is preferred against the judgment of a learned Single
Judge of the Allahabad High Court allowing the writ petition filed by the
respondent.                                                                   B

       The respondent obtained admission in a private medical college in
Karnataka (J.J.M. Medical College, Devangera) in July, 1990. The said
college is said to be recognised by the Indian Medical Council. Sometime,
in early 1992, the respondent applied to the Government of Uttar Pradesh C
for transferring her to the medical college at Allahabad. This request was
rejected following the policy enunciated by the Government of Uttar
Pradesh that no one from outside the State shall be permitted to be
transferred to a medical college within the State. Thereupon the respon-
dent approached the High Court of Allahabad by way of the present writ
petition. On April 2, 1992, it appears, the learned Standing Counsel for the D
State of Uttar Pradesh was asked to obtain instructions in the matter.
Within five days, i.e., on April 7, 1992, the writ petition came up again for
orders before S.C. Verma, J. The learned Judge observed that though the
learned Standing Counsel was asked to obtain instructions, he has neither
filed a counter-affidavit nor has obtained any specific instructions to op- E
pose the writ petition. The learned Judge granted him three more weeks
to file a counter-affidavit and at the same time made the following direc-
tion:

        "The Respondent No. 3 is directed to provisionally admit the
        petitioner to second professional M.B.B.S. course. The petitioner     F
        may be allowed to presume (pursue?) her studies in the said
        course. The result of the examination shall not be declared until
        further orders of this court.

           The provisional admission is required to be made on 5 percent      G
        vacancies in accordance with the provisions of Regulations framed
        under the Indian Medical Council Act."

      The order speaks for itself. To expect the Standing counsel to obtain
instructions in the matter within five days was really not practicable nor
was the matter of such urgency that it could not wait for three more weeks    H
      78                    SUPREME COURT REPORTS [1994) SUPP. 3 S.C.R.

 A which was granted to the learned Standing counsel on tha:t.. date to file the·
      counter-affidavit. The learned Judge has not even indicated prima fade that
      the policy of the Uttar Pradesh Government not to permit transfer of
      students form outside the State is bad and, if so, why. Assuming that such
      a transfer is permissible, the question ,would arise, who among all the
 B    applicants is more deserving. No effort was made by the learned Judge to
      find out whether there are any other students similarly placed who may be
      seeking such transfer and who among them is more deserving or more
      meritorious, as the case may be. A mandatory Interim order, which had
      the consequence of displacing the students from a private college in
      Karnataka to a government college in All!lhabad was passed as a matter
 C    of routine. This court has emphasised in several decisions that passing of
      inerim orders - more particularly of a mandatory nature like the present
      one - is neither a matter of course nor a matter of charity. The power to
      grant interim orders is coupled with the duty to consider all the relevant
      facts and legal principles relevant in that behalf. Admissions to educational
 D    institutions should not be granted by interim orders - at any rate, not
      without fully hearing the respondents.

           The writ petition ultimately came up before V. Bahuguna, J. on
      November U, 1992. The writ petition was allowed under a short order
      which reads thus:
. E
              "Heard learned counsel for the .parties. The State Government
              allowed the transfer of the petitioner, consequently the Principal
              passed an order on 13-8-1992 admitting the petitioner in MLN
              Medical College, for the II Professional Course of MBBS. This
 F            order of State Government has been passed in subsequent to the
              order of this court dated 7.4.1992. This court has permitted a
              provisional admission to the petitioner with the right to appear in
              the examination. As the State Government has permitted the
              petitioner to pursue her studies in aforesaid course in the college
              and she also appeared in aforesaid examination her result shall be
 G            declared under the aforesaid observations. The writ petition, is
              disposed of."

            A reading of the order shows that the main reason for allowing the
      writ petition is the permision granted by the State Government to the
 H    respondent (writ petitioner) to pursue her studies in the Allahabad college.
                      STATE v. RAMONA PERHAR                               79

The learned Judge has himself recognised that the said order of the A
Government was passed "subsequent to the order of this court dated
7.4.1992". In other words, the learned Judge was .conscious of the fact that
the said order of the Government was in obedience to the aforesaid interim
orders of the High Court and yet such permission was made the basis for
allowing the writ petition. In this order too, there is no reference to the B
government's policy. Nor was any effort made to find out many others have
applied for such transfer and who among them is more deserving. Again
the ma~ter appears to have been dealt' with as a matter of course without
reference to the relevant legal principles governing the power of judicial
review vested in High Court by Article 226 of the Constitution.
                                                                                 c
      In view of the above, it is not possible to sustain either of the orders
aforesaid. Both the orders are accordingly set aside.

      Sri Sunil Gupta, learned counsel for the respondent submitted that
the respondent was admitted in Allahabad college as fac back as April,
1992, that she is about to complete her course and that it would not be just D
and proper to disturb her at this stage. We are not impressed by this plea.
The respondent has invited the said orders and she has to take the
consequnces flowing from their invalidation. Be that as it may, similar
matteres are being heard by the Allahabad High Court now and it is but
proper that this matter too is remitted to the High Court for an appropriate E
decision on merits in accordance with law.

     The appeal is allowed with costs. The High Court shall dispose of
the writ petition in accordance with law. Appellants' costs assessed at Rs.
5000 consolidated.

G.N.                                                         Appeal allowed.