E. JEEVANANDAMversusN. KOTESWARA RAO & ORS.

                          [2023] 1 S.C.R. 1099                            1099


                        E. JEEVANANDAM                                    A
                                  v.
                  N. KOTESWARA RAO & ORS.
           (Special Leave Petition (C) No.27337 of 2017)
                         JANUARY 23, 2023                                 B

      [DR. DHANANJAYA Y. CHANDRACHUD, CJI,
  V. RAMASUBRAMANIAN AND J. B. PARDIWALA, JJ.]
       Public Amenity – Sewerage facilities to the area – Claim of
petitioner over the land on which the proposed sewerage line was          C
sought to be laid – A resolution was passed by the local body to
provide sewerage facilities to the area enclosing a list of streets –
The petitioner purchased the property in 2011, inclusive of the road
over which the proposed sewerage line was sought to be laid – The
sewerage main was laid down both upstream and downstream except           D
to the extent of the 110 meters (land of petitioner) – After various
rounds of the litigation, the Division Bench of the High Court
directed the State Government to choose a better option so as to
minimize the damage that could be caused to the petitioner by laying
the sewer main and sewer pumping station in the land of the               E
petitioner – PIL filed on behalf of the residents who sought a
direction for the completion of the underground drainage work so
as to enable them to have the benefit of a sewerage facility –
Division Bench of the High Court disposed of the petition by
directing the Board to lay the pipelines and complete the                 F
underground drainage – On appeal, held: In the absence of an
order of stay, the work of laying the sewerage line was completed –
The developmental work which was carried out by the Board is in
the form of a public amenity to the residents of the area – The title
of the petitioner is not free from doubt since it is the subject matter   G
of a civil dispute – Setting aside the impugned order of the Division
Bench would give rise to further complications – Ultimately, the
claim of the petitioner at the highest would be for the payment of
damages – Therefore, petitioner granted liberty to pursue his rights
                                                                          H
                                 1099
1100             SUPREME COURT REPORTS                            [2023] 1 S.C.R.


 A     and remedies for establishing a case of compensation and for the
       award of damages subject to his rights to the land being established
       in a competent court – Special Leave Petitions disposed of.

              EXTRAORDINARY CIVIL JURISDICTION : Special Leave
 B     Petition (C) No.27337 of 2017.

             From the Judgment and Order dated 03.10.2017 of the High Court
       of Judicature at Madras in Writ Petition No.25595 of 2017.

              With
 C
              Special Leave Petition (C) No.35197 of 2017

             Ms. Kiran Suri, Sr. Adv., Vivek Singh, C. P. Rajwar, Rohan
       Chandra, Ms. Somi Sharma, Chandra Prakash, Ms. Rakhi Ray, D.
       Kumanan, Ms. Sujeeta Srivastava, Vinodh Kanna B., Advs. for the
 D     appearing parties.

              DR. DHANANJAYA Y CHANDRACHUD, CJI

             1. The petitioner was the Chairperson of the erstwhile
       Maduravoyal Town Panchayat. On 28 November 2001, during his tenure
 E     as Chairperson, a resolution was passed by the local body to provide
       sewerage facilities to the area enclosing a list of streets in which ward
       No 147 of Rukmani Nagar Road, Chennai was included. A scheme was
       prepared in terms of the request made by the local body.

 F            2. On 3 June 2009, the Government accorded administrative
       sanction for spending an amount of Rs 57.45 crores. The scheme
       commenced on 18 August 2009. Sewerage facilities were laid since
       there was no objection except for an area covering 110 meters at Rukmani
       Nagar Road. The sewerage main was laid down both upstream and
 G     downstream of Rukmani Nagar except to the extent of the 110 meters.
       The petitioner purchased the property in 2011, inclusive of the road over
       which the proposed sewerage line was sought to be laid.

              3. Certain civil disputes are pending before the civil court as regards
       the claim of the petitioner in regard to the ownership of the land. Notice
 H
        E. JEEVANANDAM v. N. KOTESWARA RAO & ORS.                                 1101
            [DR. DHANANJAYA Y CHANDRACHUD, CJI]

was issued to the petitioner under Section 67(3) of the Chennai                   A
Metropolitan Water Supply & Sewerage Act, 19781. The petitioner
suggested that an alternative route should be taken for laying the
sewerage line. On 19 June 2015, an order was passed invoking the
provisions of Section 67(3) of the 1978 Act. This gave rise to a writ
petition at the behest of the petitioner.                                         B

       4. During the course of the hearing of the writ petition, the Single
Judge was informed that almost the entire work was completed save
and except to the extent of 110 meters along the Rukmani Nagar Road.
The Single Judge held that the residents of three streets would be deprived       C
of sewerage facilities if a realignment as sought by the petitioner were
to be granted. The Single Judge observed as follows:

         “Residents of the three streets would be deprived of the facility if
         the realignment as sought for by the petitioner is undertaken. The
                                                                                  D
         road has been shown as a public road as stated in the counter
         affidavit filed, through various documents. In fact it has been shown
         as such. Even during the tenure of the chairmanship of the petitioner,
         the scheme was contemplated and proposed by the local body.
         The road has also been relaid by the local body on two occasions.
                                                                                  E
         It is only a link road between Ganga Nagar and Rukmani Nagar.”

       5. After noting that the petitioner was himself a party to the
resolution in 2001 in- spite of which he had purchased the property in
2011, the Single Judge dismissed the petition. The Single Judge observed
that prima facie it appeared that there was a public road which was               F
being used for the last few decades and the petitioner who had dealt
with the issue in a different capacity in 2001 could not be stated to be
unaware of the laying of the sewer line, having purchased the property
subsequently in 2011.
                                                                                  G
       6. The petitioner instituted an appeal against the order of the Single
Judge. On 27 April 2017, a Division Bench of the High Court disposed
of the appeal by directing the State government to choose a better option
so as to minimize the damage that could be caused to the petitioner by
1
    “1978 Act”                                                                    H
1102               SUPREME COURT REPORTS                          [2023] 1 S.C.R.


 A     laying the sewer main and sewer pumping station in the land of the
       petitioner.

              7. In the meantime, a Pubic Interest Litigation2 was instituted
       before the High Court of Judicature at Madras. The petitioner was
       impleaded as sixth respondent to the writ petition. The PIL was instituted
 B
       on behalf of the residents of Ward No. 147 who sought a direction for
       the completion of the underground drainage work so as to enable them
       to have the benefit of a sewerage facility. The residents submitted that
       15,000 families were affected because of the failure to lay pipelines
       along the stretch of the 110 meters connecting the underground drainage
 C     to the pumping station.

              8. The Division Bench in its judgment dated 3 October 2017,
       adverted to the writ petition instituted by the petitioner which was dismissed
       by the Single Judge of 4 April 2017. The Division Bench also noted that
 D     there was an appellate order of 27 April 2017. After having noticed the
       provisions of the statute, the Division Bench disposed of the writ petition
       by directing the Board to lay the pipelines and complete the underground
       drainage within three months. The last paragraph of the order indicates
       that the petitioner was directed to be impleaded as the sixth respondent,
 E     together with the final order disposing of the petition.

              9. The challenge in the first Special Leave Petition is to the order
       of the Division Bench dated 3 October 2017 by which the authorities
       have been directed to complete the laying of the drainage line. The
       companion Special Leave Petition has been instituted by the Chennai
 F     Metropolitan Water Supply & Sewerage Board for challenging the order
       dated 27 April 2017 of the Division Bench.

              10. As regards the first of the two Special Leave Petitions under
       Article 136 of the Constitution, the petitioner does have a legitimate
       grievance that an order was passed in the PIL directly affecting the
 G
       rights of the petitioner without furnishing an adequate opportunity of
       being heard. As noted earlier, the order for the impleadment of the
       petitioner was passed when the PIL was disposed of finally on 3 October
       2017.
       2
 H         “PIL”
      E. JEEVANANDAM v. N. KOTESWARA RAO & ORS.                               1103
          [DR. DHANANJAYA Y CHANDRACHUD, CJI]

       11. Ordinarily, we would have been inclined to set aside the           A
impugned order of the High Court and to remit the proceedings back for
fresh consideration. That however would not resolve the substance of
the controversy. When the Special Leave Petition arising from the order
of the Division Bench dated 3 October 2017 was entertained by this
Court on 27 October 2017, while issuing notice, the Court observed that       B
if the petitioner succeeds, he shall be entitled to compensation in
accordance with law. In the absence of an order of stay, the work of
laying the sewerage line has been completed. The developmental work
which has been carried out by the Board is in the form of a public amenity
to the residents of the area. The title of the petitioner is by no means      C
free from doubt since it is the subject matter of a civil dispute.

       12. In this backdrop, setting aside the impugned order of the
Division Bench would give rise to further complications since at this
stage it would be difficult to restore the status quo ante by directing the   D
removal of the sewerage line. Ultimately, the claim of the petitioner at
the highest would be for the payment of damages and for compensation
for the laying of the sewerage line subject to the rights of the petitioner
to the property being established in accordance with law.
                                                                              E
       13. For the above reasons, having heard Ms Kiran Suri, senior
counsel appearing on behalf of the petitioner and Mr Jaideep Gupta,
senior counsel appearing on behalf of the Board, we are of the considered
view that the relief which should be granted to the petitioner would be to
allow him the liberty to pursue his rights and remedies in accordance
                                                                              F
with law for establishing a case of compensation and for the award of
damages subject to his rights to the land being established in a competent
court.

      14. The challenge by the Board to the order of the Division Bench
dated 27 April 2017 does not require to be enquired into at this stage in     G
view of the subsequent developments; the work of laying the sewer line
having been duly completed.

      15. Both the Special Leave Petitions shall accordingly stand
disposed of subject to the above observations by which the Court has          H
1104                SUPREME COURT REPORTS                        [2023] 1 S.C.R.


 A     granted liberty to the petitioner in the first Special Leave Petition to
       pursue his claim for compensation in accordance with law and for
       establishing his title to the land on which the sewerage line has been laid.

             16. Pending applications, if any, stand disposed of.
 B
       Ankit Gyan                                                   SLPs disposed of.




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