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Supreme Court of India

VIKRAM SINGHversusSTATE OF HARYANA

Citation
2009 INSC 660
Decided
1 May 2009
Disposal
Case Partly allowed

Holding

The appellant is entitled to the benefit of the Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2000 as amended and the 2007 Rules, and must be released from custody considering the time already served.

Summary

Vikram Singh was convicted in 1998 for a crime committed on 20‑02‑1996 and sentenced to life imprisonment. He contended that he was a juvenile at the time of the offence, being born on 04‑05‑1980, and therefore entitled to the benefits of the Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2000 as amended in 2006 and the 2007 Rules. The Supreme Court examined whether the amendment defining a "juvenile in conflict with law" as a person below 18 years and Rule 97(2) of the 2007 Rules could be applied retrospectively to a case pending before the amendment. The Court held that the appellant qualified as a juvenile under the amended definition and that the amendment and Rules were applicable to pending cases. Consequently, while confirming the conviction, the Court ordered his release, taking into account the period of custody already served. The appeal was partly allowed, resulting in the appellant’s discharge from prison.

Issues considered

  • Whether the amendment to the Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2000 (effective 22‑08‑2006) and the 2007 Rules apply retrospectively to a case convicted before their enactment.
  • Whether the appellant qualifies as a juvenile under the amended definition (person below 18 years at the time of the offence).
  • What relief, if any, is appropriate when a convicted person is found to be a juvenile under the amended law.

Legislation cited

Subjects

Juvenile JusticeRetroactive application of lawLife imprisonmentAmendmentRule 97(2)Age of juvenileCriminal appealRelease from custody

Judgment

                                         [2009] 7 S.C.R. 361


          ..),                            VIKRAM SINGH                               A
                                                  V.
                                       STATE OF HARYANA
.
,c

... ~                            Criminal Appeal No. 764 of 2007 .
                                           MAY 01, 2009
                                                                                     B
                           [DR. ARIJIT PASAYAT AND ASOK KUMAR
                                        GANGULY, JJ.]
           ,,.;-         Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act,
                    2000 as amended on 22nd August, 2006 - Juvenile Justice
                    (Care and Protection of Children) Rules, 2007 - r. 97(2) -       c
                    Appellant accused of committing a criminal offence - ..
                    Convicted and sentenced to life imprisonment - He claimed
                    that he was juvenile on the date of commisiion of offence -

-.         +
                    Held : Appellant was entitled to benefit under the provisions of
                    the 2000 Act, as amended, and the 2007 Rules - Hence, while D
                    confirming the ·conviction of appellant, direction given for his
                    release considering the peirod of custody already suffered by
                    him.                                               ~-.--_,_,--




                         CRIMINALAPPELLATE JURISDICTION: Criminal Appeal
                    No. 764 of 2007                                                  E

                          From the Judgement and Order dated 26.05.2006 of the
                    Hon'ble High Court of States of Punjab & Haryana at Chandigarh
        ... ·...t   in Criminal Appeal No. 364-DB of 1998.
                        Sushi! Kr., Anil Kaushik, Vinay Arora, Deepak Jain, Aditya   F
                    Kumar, Mary Mirza, Gopal Singh Chauhan, Shiv Prakash
                    Pandey, for the Appellant.
                         TV. George, Shinoj K. Narayanan, for the Respondent.
                         The Judgement of the Court was delivered by                 G

            ..
        ..,.-            DR. ARIJIT PASAYAT, J .
                         Heard learned counsel for the parties.

                                                 361                                 H
    362       SUPREME COURT REPORTS                     (2009] 7 S.. C.R.


A       The controversy lies within a very narrow compass which
  relates to legality of the proceedings before the learned
  Sessions Judge, Kurukshetra, in dealing with the present matter.
  According to the appellant, he was a Juvenile when the
  occurrence took place on 20/2/1996. The appellant was shown                         '•
B to have been arrested on 1/3/1996.

         Relying on the certificate issued by the Central Board of
    Secondary Education it is contended that the appellant was born
    on 4.5.1980 and on the date of incident he was below 16 years
c   of age. On 5/6/1998, the appellant was convicted for life
    imprisonment and other terms between 7 and 10 years.                              ....
       At the time of conviction the Juvenile Justice Act, 1986
  (hereinafter referred to as '1986 Act') was in operation. The
  1986 Act was subsequently repealed by Juvenile Justice (Care
D and Protection of Children) Act, 2000 (hereinafter referred to                      ,._
  as '2000 Act'). On 22.8.2006 Section 2 (I) of the Act was                  f
  amended stating that "Juvenile in conflict with law" means
  juvenile who is alleged to have committed an offence and has
  not completed 18 years of age as on the date of commission of
E such offence. The Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of
  Children) Rules 2007 (hereinafter referred to as '2007 Rules')
  were brought into force on 26th October 2007.
        As per Rule 97(2) all the cases pending which have not              ~,...



F received a finality will be dealt with and disposed of in terms of
  the provisions of the 2000 Act as amended on 22/8/2006 and
  2007 Rules. It appears that the High Court judgment is of 26/5/
  2006 when the Rule 97 (2) as applicable was not in existence
  as it was brought into force in 2007 (i.e. 26th October, 2007).
G
        We are of the view that the appellant is entitled to the benefit
  under the provisions of 2000 Act as amended from 22.8.2006,
  and 2007 Rules. Therefore while confirming the conviction,
                                                                            ,......
  considering the period of custody already suffered by the
  appellant, we direct that he shall be released from custody
H
           VIKRAM SINGH V. STATE OF HARYANA                363
                 [DR. ARIJIT PASAYAT, J.]

forthwith unless he is required in custody in any other case.     A
Normally we would have remitted the matter to be dealt with by
the appropriate Court. But considering the long passage of time
and period of custody, we have passed the present order.

     The appeal is allowed to the aforesaid extent.
                                                                  B
B.B.B.                                  Appeal partly allowed.


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