V. RANGANATHANversusN. BASKARAN AND ORS.

                      [2010) 11 S.C.R. 548


A                        V. RANGANATHAN
                                  v.
                    N. BASKARAN AND ORS.
          (Special Leave Petition (c) No. 18247 of 2006)
                       SEPTEMBER 16, 2010
B
           [ALTAMAS KABIR AND A.K. PATNAIK, JJ.]

        Service law: Appointment of Principal - Unsuccessful
  candidate seeking direction upon the authority to appoint him
C to the post instead of selected candidate - Tribunal directing
  the authority to appoint him to the post - Writ petitions by the
  selected candidate and the authority - High Court allowing
  the writ petitions - Held: No reason to interfere with the order
  of the High Court - Appointment process was fair, transparent
o and reasonable - Challenge by unsuccessful candidate was
  not for quashing of appointment made and his prayer was
  limited to a direction to the authority to appoint him to the post
  - Education Department was a/so not given an opportunity
  of hearing by tribunal - Moreover, the selection list showed
E that the unsuccessful candidate was placed at rank 10 and
  in the reserve list there were three more candidates placed
  over him- Administrative law - Opportunity of hearing.

       The petitioner and respondent no.1 applied for the
  post of Principal in Government Higher Secondary
F School and on the basis of preliminary scrutiny were
  called for interview alongwith the other candidates.
  Respondent no.1 was selected for the post. The
  petitioner filed original application (OA) before the Central
  Administrative Tribunal seeking direction upon the
G U.P.S.C. to appoint him to the said post under the·
  Scheduled Caste category instead of respondent no.1.
  The tribunal allowed the OA. Respondent no.1 and
  U.P .S.C. filed writ petitions challenging the order of the
  tribunal. The High Court allowed the writ petitions. The
H                               548
  V. RANGANATHAN v. N. BASKARAN AND ORS.              · 549


instant special leave petition was filed challenging the       A
order of the High Court.

    Dismissing the special leave petition, the Court

     HELD: 1. There was no reason to differ with the views
expressed by the High Court regarding the work                 B
experience of respondent no.1 at the Higher Secondary
level which was found to be 10 years and 4 months,
whereas the period of qualifying service was 10 years.
The methodology adopted by the respondents in arriving
at such finding was fair and transparent and also              C
reasonable. Furthermore, the petitioner had not even
prayed for quashing of the appointment issued to
respondent no.1 and his prayer in the,OA before the
Tribunal was limited to a direction being given to the
U.P.S.C. to appoint him to the post of Principal in a Higher   D
Secondary School in Pondicherry under the Scheduled
Caste category instead of respondent No.1. Besides,
before setting aside the appointment of respondent no.1,
no opportunity was given to the Secretary, Education
Department, Government of Pondicherry, to answer the           E
questions which were raised by the petitioner. The
selection list produced by the U.P.S.C. showed that the
petitioner was placed at rank No.10 in the reserve list and
even in the reserve list there were three more candidates
placed above him. Considering the same, there was no           F
reason to interfere with the order of the High Court. [Paras
14, 15] [554-F-G; 555-A-D]

    CIVIL APPELLATE JURISDICTION : SLP (Civil) No.
18247 of 2006.
                                                               G
    From the Judgment & Order dated 23.08.2006 of the High
Court of Judicature at Madras in WP Nos. 41237 of 2005 &
10771 of 2006.

                                                               H
    550      SUPREME COURT REPORTS               [201 O] 11 S.C.R.

A      K.V. Vishwanathan, G. Balaji, Mahalakshmi Pavani (for
    Mahalakshmi Balaji & Co.) for the Petitioner.

         R. Venkatramani, Gurukrishna Kumar, Srikala Gurukrishna
    Kumar, Binu Tamta, Upasana Nath, V.G. Pragasam, S.J.
8   Aristotle, Prabu Rama Subramanian, Aljo K. Joseph for the
    Respondents.

          The Judgment of the Court was delivered by

          ALTAMAS KABIR, J. 1. The Respondent No.1 herein,
c Shri N. Baskaran, and the Union Public Service Commission
  filed two separate w'rit petitions, being W.P. Nos.41237 of 2005
  and 10771 of 2006, challenging the order passed by the
  Central Administrative Tribunal, Chennai Bench, on 7th
  December, 2005 in O.A. No.689 of 2004. The relief prayed for
o by the Petitioner herein, who was the Applicant in the Original
  Application, was for a direction upon the Union Public Service
  Commission (U.P.S.C.) to appoint him to the post of Principal
  in a Higher Secondary School in Pondicherry under the
  Scheduled Caste category instead of Shri N. Baskaran,
E pursuant to order No.F.1/114/2003-R.lll dated 16th July, 2004,
  issued by the said Respondent. The said relief was
  subsequently amended in the following manner :-

               "Under these circumstances, it is prayed that this
          Hon'ble Tribunal may be pleased to implead the third
F         respondent as party respondent in O.A.No.689/2004 so as
          to quash the appointment order issued by the 3rd
          respondent in his letter in Ref.No.A.12012/CS/EBN/E. 1/
          2004 dated 13.8.2004 and thus render justice."

G      2. The facts, which led to filing of the two writ petitions,
  indicate that the Secretary, U.P.S.C., invited applications for
  appointment to three vacancies to the post of Principal,
  Government Higher Secondary Schools in Pondicherry, by
  Advertisement No.17 published in the "Employment News" on
H 13th September, 2003. Out of the said three vacancies, one
   V. RANGANATHAN v. N. BASKARAN AND ORS.                   551
             [ALTAMAS KABIR, J.]
was reserved for a candidate from the Scheduled Castes              A
category. It appears that in the vacancies for candidates
belonging to Scheduled Castes, 48 applications were received
and on the basis of preliminary scrutiny, 11 candidates were
short-listed and called for interview on 9.3.2004. Both, Shri N.
Baskaran and Shri V. Ranganathan, the Petitioner and the            B
Respondent No.1 in Writ Petition No.41237/2005, were among
the 11 candidates who were called for the interview. Apparently,
based on his performance in the interview, Shri N. Baskaran
was selected for the post as per the Selection List published
on 16.7.2004. It is thereafter that Shri V. Ranganathan filed the   c
above-mentioned O.A.No.689 of 2004 before the Chennai
Bench of the Central Administrative Tribunal. The Tribunal, by
its order dated 7 .12.2005, allowed the Original Application and
also directed the official respondents to appoint the Applicant
as the Principal of the concerned Higher Secondary School.
                                                                    D
Aggrieved thereby, Shri N. Baskaran challenged such selection
in Writ Petition No.41237 of 2005.

     3. One of the conditions which had to be fulfilled by the
candidate for being eligible to be appointed in terms of the
advertisement was to have 10 years' teaching experience in a        E
Higher Secondary School. As per Shri N. Baskaran's version,
he had more than 18 years total experience of teaching.
However, according to the Union Public Service Commission,
as far as the Higher Secondary level is concerned, he had only
10 years and 4 months of teaching experience. It is Shri            F
Baskaran·s case that he also possessed a Post Graduate
Degree in Chemistry and a Post Graduate Degree in
Education. It was, therefore, claimed on his behalf that he was
fully qualified for selection and appointment to the post of
Principal of a Higher Secondary School.                             G
     4. On Shri N. Baskaran's behalf it was submitted that the
service rendered by him in the Higher Secondary Schools as
well as at the Higher Secondary level should be taken into
account for calculating the period of qualifying service. It was
                                                                    H
    552     SUPREME COURT REPORTS                [2010] 11 S.C.R.


A mentioned that Shri Baskaran had handled Chemistry as a
  subject at a Higher Secondary level. That apart, the educational
  qualification for a teacher working in a Polytechnic is the same
  as that of teachers working in Higher Secondary Schools. In
  addition to the above, as far as the service rendered by Shri
B Baskaran in the District Institute of Education and Training is
  concerned, the same would also have to be taken into
  consideration for computing the years of service at a Higher
  Secondary level as the educational qualifications prescribed for
  teachers in Higher Secondary Schools and the District Institute
c of Education are the same and both the posts are
  interchangeable and carry the same scale of pay.

       5. As far as Shri V. Ranganathan is concerned, it was
  stated on behalf of the U.P.S.C. that although he had been
  short-listed and was also called for the interview to fill up the
D vacancies in question, he could not be recommended by the
  Interview Board for the post of Principal as his merit position
  at Serial No.10 did not bring him within the zone of
  consideration for filling up the said post. Accordingly, his case
  was not considered for the purpose of filling up one of such
E vacancies.

       6. The Tribunal rejected the contentions made on behalf
  of Shri Baskaran and allowed the application filed by the
  Petitioner herein and directed the concerned respondents to
F appoint him as the Principal of the Higher Secondary School.
  Challenging the said order of the Tribunal, the Respondent No.1
  herein filed Writ Petition No.41237 of 2005 and the UPSC filed
  Writ Petition No.10771 of 2006.

        7. Before the High Court it was the case of the U.P.S.C.
G that the name of Shri V. Ranganathanwas not recommended
  for the post of Principal as his merit position in the Selection
  List did not bring him within the zone of consideration and since
  Shri N. Baskaran had the required teaching experience of 10
  years, he was recommended for appointment.
H
   V. RANGANATHAN v. N. BASKARAN AND ORS.                     553
             [ALTAMAS KABIR, J.)

     8. It was also the case of the U.P.S.C. that as far as          A
Polytechnics are concerned, after the completion of the 10th
standard, instead of joining the 11th standard, students join
diploma courses, and, as such, duties at the Polytechnic level
is equivalent to studies at the Higher Secondary level.
Whenever there was necessity, the Government had spared Shri         B
Baskaran's services to the Polytechnics and he had worked at
the Higher Secondary level in the said Polytechnics. The further
case of the Respondent No.1 was that having ob~yed the order
passed by the Governmen! from time to time, the same could
not be placed against him when it came to computing the period       C
of his service.

     9. In addition to the above, it was also pointed out that the
U.P.S.C. had produced the selection list in which the Petitioner
herein has been ranked at number 10 in the reserve list and
even in the reserve list there were three more candidates            D
placed above him. The High Court allowed the two Writ
Petitions Nos.41237 of 2005 and 10771 of 2006 and the other
pending applications were closed.

       10. The stand on behalf of the U.P.S.C. appears to have       E
  been strongly opposed on behalf of the Petitioner herein. It was
. contended that if the interpretation given by the Tribunal with
  regard to experience, as indicated in the advertisement, is to
  be accepted, the service rendered in Higher Secondary
  Schools and also at the Higher Secondary level, would have
                                                                     F
 to be taken into consideration for determining the period of
  qualifying service.

      11. Appearing for the Petitioner herein, Mr. K.V.
Vishwanathan, learned Senior Advocate, submitted that the
findings of the High Court were in places at variance with the       G
findings of the Tribunal in computing the years of experience
at the Higher Secondary level which Shri N. Baskaran had
acquired. It was pointed out that it was the High Court's own
finding that since the system of Higher Secondary Schools is
in vogue only in some States, it would be totally impossible to      H
   554     SUPREME COURT REPORTS                [201 O] 11 S.C.R.'


A go by the term "Higher Secondary School" which was not in
  use in the other States.

       12. According to Mr. Vishwanathan, this was a classic case
  for issuance of writ in the nature of quo-warranto since
B undoubtedly the Respondent No.1 had usurped the right of the
  Petitioner to be appointed as Principal of the Higher Secondary
  School in question. It was also urged that the very procedure
  adopted for selection of candidates to fill up the three vacant
  posts of Principal was invalid and the Petitioner was entitled
  to be considered for appointment to the post of Principal of one
C of the three Schools on the basis of his qualifications and
  experience.

        13. Mr. Gurukrishna Kumar and Ms. Binu Tamta, learned
  Advocates appearing for the Respondent No.1 and the
o U.P.S.C. respectively, both contended that there are different
  grades of teachers in the Higher Secondary Schools/Senior
  Secondary Schools/Inter Colleges in the country which
  comprise of Classes VI to XII and not all teachers teach
  students in Classes XI and XII which constitute the core classes
E of the Higher Secondary Schools. It was further contended that
  t.he interpretation of experience of 10 years teaching in Higher
  Secondary Schools was meant to comprise such teaching
  experience of students belonging to the Higher Secondary
  Section for the purpose of short listing of candidates for
F selection to the post.

         14. Having considered the submissions made on behalf
    of the respective parties, we see no reason to differ with the
    views expressed by the High Court regarding the work
    experience of the Respondent No.1 at the Higher Secondary
G · level which was found to be 1O years and 4 months, whereas
    the period of qualifying service was 10 years. The methodology
    adopted by the respondents in arriving at such finding is fair
    and transparent and also reasonable. Furthermore, as has
    been pointed out by the High Court, the Petitioner herein had
H not even prayed for quashing of the appointment issued to the
  V. RANGANATHAN v. N. BASKARAN AND ORS.                      555
                  [ALTAMAS KABIR, J.]
Respondent No.1 on 13th August, 2004, and his prayer in the          A
Original Application before the Tribunal was limited to a
direction being given to the U.P.S.C. to appoint him to the post
of Principal in a Higher Secondary School in Pondicherry under
the Scheduled Caste category instead of the Respondent No.1
herein. In addition to the above, no opportunity was also given      8
to the Secretary, Education Department, Government of
Pondicherry, to answer the questions which had been raised
by the Petitioner before setting aside the appointment of the
Respondent No.1 herein.

      15. However, what is of cardinal importance is the fact that   C
from the selection list produced by the U.P.S.C., it will be seen
that the Petitioner herein had been placed at rank No.10 in the
reserve list and even in the reserve list there were three more
candidates placed above him. Considering the same, in
agreement with the views expressed by the High Court, we are         D
also not inclined to interfere with the order impugned and the
Special Leave Petition is, accordingly, dismissed, but without
any order as to costs. ·

D.G.                                            SLP dismissed.