UNION OF INDIA AND ORS.versusSH. IQBAL SINGH CHEEMA

A                        UNION OF INDIA AND ORS.
                                     v.
                         SH. IQBAL SINGH CHEEMA

                              OCTOBER 16, 1995

B                   fG.N. RAY AND G.T. NANA VAT!, .IJ.J

          Se1vice Law.

          Border Secwity Force Act. 1968:
c       Court Martial-Commandant (Selection Grade)-Trial for conup-
  tion--Constitution of Board with a Commandant-Member junior to the
  Commandant vied-Held not violative of ntles--On facts proceedings held
  not vitiated for not giving reasonable opportunity to accused to defend the
  proceedingS-Conviction held justifie~Alteration of punishment from dis-
D missal to foifeiture of pension for seven yeai~.

          Respondent, a Commandant (Selection Grade) in the Border
    Security Force, was found guilty of corruption charges, in Court Martial
    proceedings under the Border Security Force Act, 1968. Initially the Court
    Martial proposed punishment for forfeiture of seven years' service for the
E
    purpose of promotion and pensionary benefits but it was not accepted and
    instead dismissal order was passed. Respondent successfully challenged
    the dismissal order before the High Court on the ground that (i) he had
    been denied reasonable opportunity of being heard and contest the
    proceedings; (ii) constitution of the Court Martial was in violation of the
F   Rules because one of the Comrnandant-Men1ber "'as junior to him in
    seniority. Against the decision of the High Court, appeals were preferred
    before this Court both by the respondent as well as Union of India.

          Disposing the appeals and setting aside the order of the High Court,
G   this Court

          HELD : 1. The Board had been .constituted properly by taking a
    Commandant in it and it was necessary to have a Commandant (Selection
    Grade) in the Board only because the respondent was a Commandant
    (Selection Grade). On the facts of the case, it does not appear that Court
H   Martial proceeding was vitiated for not giving reasonable.opportunity to
                                        406
                          U.0.1. v. I.S. CHEEMA                         407

the respondent to defend himself in the Court Martial proceeding.              A
                                                              [408-G-H]
      2. The finding by the Court Martial about he complicity of the
respondent in the offence charged cannot be held as unjustified. The
charge of corruption alleged against the otlicer is quite serious which
requires that a deterrent punishment sliould be passed. However, in the        B
peculiar facts of this case, the ends of justice will be met if the order of
dismissal is replaced by the proposed punishment viz. forfeiture of promo-
tion and pensionary benefits for seven years. [409-B]

      Union of India and Anr. v. S.S. Ranade, [1995] 4 SCC 462, referred
to.                                                                            c
      CIVIL APPELLATE JURISDICTION : Civil Appeal No. 9579 of
1995 etc.

     From the Judgment and Order dated 26.2.92 of the Assam High
2ourt in C.R. No. 208 of 1990.                                                 D

     K.T.S. Tulsi, Additional Solicitor General, A.S. Bhasme and P. Par-
meshwaran for the Appellants.

     P.K. Goswami, Rajiv Mehta, Ms. Vanita Sahni and K. Vasudev for
the Respondent.                                                                E
      The following Order of the Court was delivered :

      Leave granted in both the special Leave Petitions Nos. 8416 and 9235
of 1992.
                                                                               F
      Special Leave Petition No. 8416 of 1992 has been preferred by the
Union of India and its officers against the judgment and order dated
February 26, 1992 passed by the High Court of Gauhati in Civil Rule No.
208 of 1990 and the other Special Leave Petition No. 9235 of 1992 has been
preferred by the appellant I. S. Cheema against the same order passed by
Gauhati High Court. In a Court Martial proceeding initiated against I.S. G
Cheema under the Border Security Force Act, 1968 and the consequential
punishment of dismissal, a writ petition was moved before the Gauhati
High Court by LS. Cheema who al the relevant time was holding the post
of Commandant (Selection Grade) in the B.S.F. The Court Martial
proceeding was initiated on a charge of corruption by directing subordinate H
    408                   SUPREME COURT REPORTS p.995] SUPP. 4 S.C.R.

A   ofhcers to arrange for weekly payments to the said Commandant hy
    encouraging smuggling activities in the border. Before the High Courl, the
    said I. S. Cheema contended that the Court Martial had not been properly
    conducted in view of the fact that he had been denied reasonable oppor-
    tunity of being heard and contest the said proceedings. It was also con-
    tended that the Court Martial itself was not properly constituted because
B
    one of the members was a Commandant in the Border Security Force but
    such member was junior to him in seniority. It appears that by the im-
    pugned order, the High Court has accepted both the contentions and
    accordingly interferred with the impugned order of dismissal from ~ervice.

C         The learned Additional Solicitor General appearing in support of the
    appeal preferred by the Union of India has contended that under the rules
    constitution of Court Martial was to be made with officials not below the
    rank of a Commandant for trial of a member of B.S.F. Holding the rank
    of Commandant. It is not necessary that such Commandant in the Court
D   Martial Board should also be senior to Sri Cheema who was also a
    Commandantln B.S.F. It was contended by Sri Cheema that since he was
    a Command~nt (Selcetion
                          ,       Grade), he must be held senior to the Cornman-
    dant not in the Selection Grade. The learned Additional Solicitor General
    has referrei'I ·to a decision of this Court in Union of India and Anr. v. S.S.
    Ranade, [1995] 4 SCC 462. In the said decision, it has been held that the
E   Commandan_t (Selection Grade) and the Commandant not in the selection
    grade both are governed by the same rules and they belong to some rank
    and cadre. Therefore Commandant (Selection Grade) cannot claim super-
    annuation at the age of 58 years when the age of superannuation of a
    Commandant is 55 years. Mr. Tulsi, learned Additional Solicitor General,
F   has submi'.tcd that as the Court Martial was constituted with a Comman-
    dant, the provision of the rules had been complied with and the High Court
    had gone virong in holding that Cheema being Commandant (Selection
    Grade) was senior to Commandant no.t in the Selection Grade and such
    junior Commandant cannot be a member in the Board. ln our view, such
    contention of the learned Additional Solicitor General is justified. The
G   Board in our view had been constituted properly by taking a Commandant
    in it and it was not necessary to have a Commandant (Selection Grade) in
    the Board because Shri Cheema was a Commandant (Selection Grade). In
    the facts of the case, it also does not appear that Court Martial proccerling
    was vitiated for not giving reasonable opportunity to Sri Cheema to <JC1ci.u
H   him in the Court Martial Proceeding.
                            U.O.l. v. I.S. CHEEMA                          409

       It, however, appears to us that Sri Chccma has attained the age of         A
 superannuation in th~ year 1992. Even if it is held that proper opportunity
 of being heard was not made available to him, it will be impractical now
 to direct for Constitution of a Court Martial for holding a fresh trail. Wc
 have considered the materials on record and it appears lo us that the
 finding by the Court Martial about the complicity of Sri Cheema in the
                                                                                  B
 offence charged. cannot be held as unjustified. It, however, appears to us
 that initially the Court Martial proposed for forfeiture of seven years'
 service for the purpose of promotion and pensionary benefits against Sri
 Cheema, but such proposal was not accepted and the impugned order of
 dismissal was passed.
                                                                                  G
         In the facts of the case, we feel that the ends of justice will be met
  if the order of dismissal is replaced by the proposed punishment viz.
. forfeiture of promotion and . pcnsionary benefits for seven years. The
  impugned order of the High Court is set aside and punishment of Sri
  Cheema is altered to the aforesaid extent.
                                                                                  D
       We only add that the charge of corruption alleged against the said
officer is quite serious which requires that a deterrent punishment should
be passed. However, in the peculiar facts of this case, we have awarded
the aforesaid lesser punishment and we may indicate that this case should
not be treated as a precedence for other cases of corruption.
                                                                                  E
       Both the appeals are accordingly disposed of.

T.N.A.                                                   Appeals disposed of.