STATE OF PUNJAB AND ORS.versusNIHAL SINGH

                         STATE OF PUNJAB AND ORS.                                A
                                          V.
                                  NIHAL SINGH

                              SEPTEMBER 18, 2002

                   [R.C. LAHOTI AND BRIJESH KUMAR, JJ.]                          B


          Punjab Jail Manual

            Para 576-A-Classification of convicted prisoners into Classes A, B
     and C-Appellant, a life convict, filing writ petition before High Court C
     seeking to be classified as Class B prisoner and/or consequentialfacilities-
     High Court declaring the classification itself as ultra vires-States of Punjab
r    and Haryana circulating the judgment to jail authorities resulting in
     withdrawal of facilities extended to classified prisoners-Held, question of
     Vires of Para 576-A not being raised before the High Court and Advocate D
     General not being put on notice, procedure adopted by High Court in
     invalidating Para 576-A was wholly unsatisfactory and unsustainable-Writ
     petition restored on file of High Court for decision afresh-Notice-Practice
     and Procedure.

          CRIMINAL APPELLATE JURISDICTION : Criminal Appeal No. 708              E
     of2001'.

          From the Judgment and Order dated 9.5.2000 of the Punjab and Haryana
     Court in Crl. M. No. 11136-M of 1999.

                                         WITH                                    F
'•
'         Crl. A. No. 709, 710 of2001.

            Balwant Singh Malik, Bimal Roy Jad, B.K. Khurana, Ms. Sunita Pandit,
     Mrs. Vandana Singh,, Mrs. Santosh Singh, Rishi Malhotra, Prem Malhotra, Jai
     Prakash Dhnada, Smt. Raj Rani Dhanda and Sunder Khatri for the appearing G
     parties.

          The following Order of the Court was delivered :

          Crl. A. No. 708/2001.
                                         489                                     H
    490                     SUPREME COURT REPORTS [2002] SUPP. 2 S.C.R.

A          The respondent Nihal Singh is a convict under Section 302 IPC sentenced
    by Court Martial to undergo imprisonment for life and incarcerated in civil jail,
    Sangruru (Punjab). Nihal Singh filed a writ petition in the High Court of
    Punjab and Haryana seeking to be classified as Class-B prisoner and being
    allowed the facilities available to such prisoners in accordance with para 576-
    A of the Punjab Jail Manual. Punjab Jail Manual is a compilation of statutory
B   provisions, rules and executive instructions, referrable to prison and prisoners,
    issued from time to time and i3 meant to guide the jail administration and the
    jail officers. Para 576-A contemplates classification of convicted persons into
    3 categories, namely, Classes A, and C and catalogues the factors which
    would be relevant for classification and enumerates the benefits and facilities
C   to which the prisoner would be entitled depending on the classification. The
    petition came up for hearing before a learned Single Judge of the High Court
    of Punjab & Haryana, who fonned an opinion that the classification of prisoners
     into Classes A, B and C was violative of Articles 14 and 15 (I) of the
    Constitution, and therefore, declared such classification ultra vires of the
    Constitution, Consequent upon such declaration the petition filed by the
D   respondent was directed to be dismissed.

           It is pertinent to note that the question of vires of 576-A of Punjab Jail
    Manual was not raised by anyone before the High Court. The High Court
    also, before formulating its opinion as expressed in the impugned order, did
E   not give any indication of its mind that adjudication upon the constitutional
    validity of the provision was proposed. None was put on notice. Nobody was
    afforded an opportunity of bringing on record material relevant for adjudication
    upon such validity. The Advocate General of the State was not put on notice.
    The procedure adopted by the High Court while invalidating para 576-A of
    the Punjab Jail Manual was wholly unsatisfactory and unsustainable.
F
          For the short reason as abovesaid and without expressing any opinion
    on the merits or otherwise of the finding arrived at by the High Court, the         \
    judgment under appeal is set aside. The writ petition filed by the respondent
    shall stand restored on the file of the High Court for hearing and decision
                                                                                            ,
    afresh and in accordance with law.
G
          The appeal stands disposed of.

          Crl. A. No. 709 and 710/2001.

          These appeals have been filed by some of the prisoners detained in jails
H in the State of Haryana putting in issue the judgment dated May 9, 2000
                  ST ATE OF PUNJAB v. NIHAL SINGH                      491
delivered by learned Single Judge of the High Court of Punjab & Haryana A
in the case ofNihal Singh which has been dealt with and set aside by the
abovesaid order in Crl. A. No. 708/200 I. The occasion for filing these two
appeals by special leave arose because the judgment delivered by the High
Court in the case ofNihal Singh was circulated by the State Governments to
jail authorities in the States of Punjab and Haryana - both. Acting upon the B
said judgment the jail authorities in State of Haryana withdrew the facilities
extended to the prisoners based upon classification as per para 576-A of
Punjab Jail Manual which was adopted for administration of jails in the State
of Haryana also. In as much as the judgment of the High Court in the case
of Nihal Singh has already been set aside, these appeals have become
infructuous and are accordingly disposed of.                                   C
RP.                                                   Appeals disposed of.