SMT. SAVITHRAMMAversusCECIL NARONHA & ANR.

                        SMT. SAVITHRAMMA
                                                                              A
                                     v.
                     CECIL NARONHA & ANR.

                           AUGUST 23, 1988

        [E:S. VENKATARAMIAH AND K.N. S(NGH, JJ.]                              B
     Supreme Court Rules, 1966: Order XI, Rules 5 and· 13-Affi-
davit-Mode of placing evidence-Defective affidavit has no probative
value-Strict compliance with rules-Proper verification-Especially
where allegations.of ma/a [ides or disobedience of Court's order made-
Necessity for.
                                                                              c
      The complainant filed in this Court a petition for contempt
against the accused for their failure to comply with the orders of this
Court. In paragraph 2 of the affidavit in support of the petition, the
complainant stilted that the statemenis contained in the petition• were
true to the best of her knowledge, belief and information. In paragraph       D
3 she further stated that the affidavit had been read over, translated
and explained to her and she understood the contents thereof; and that
the same were true to her knowledge and belier.·

      Similarly, in the affidavit on behalf of the accused, which· has been
filed by a clerk of the Advocate, the deponent verified the affidavit by      E
stating that the statements of the accused were true and correct which
were based on the records maintained in the Advocate's office and on
instructions received from the clients.

      Rejecting the affidavits, as not being in accordance with the
Supreme Court Rules or Order 19, Rule of the Code of Civil Procedure,         F
this Court, ·

      HELD: 1.1 Affidavit is a mode of placing evidence before the
Court. A party may prove a fact or facts by means of affidavit before
this Court but such affidavit should be in accordance with Order XI
Rul~s Sand l3 of the Supreme Court Rules. [564A]                              G

       1.2 The party stating facts must disclose as to what facts are true
to his personal knowledge, information or belief. If the statement of fact
is based on information, the source of information must be disclosed in
,the~affidav_it. An affidavit which does not comply with the provisions of.
                                                                              H
                                   561
      562         SUPREME COURT REPORTS                  [1988] Supp. 2 S.C.R.

A     Order XI of the Supreme Court Rules, has no probative value and it is
      liable to be rejected. l564D]
        1.3 In a matter where allegations of ma/a /ides or disobedience of
  the Cout1's order are made against a person or party, it is all the more
  necessary that the person filing arr.davit in this regard must take care to
B verify the facts stated in the arr.davit strictly in accordance with the
  Rules 5 and 13. [564E]
          1.4 Of late afr.davits are beiilg flied in this Court in a slipshod
   manner without having any regard to the Rules. Affidavits are being
   filed by persons who could have no personal knowledge about the facts
   stated in the affidavit. Deponents of affidavits pay no attention to
 C verification. [564F]

            State1of Bombay v. Purushottam Jog Naik, [1952] SCR 674, refer-
      red to.

            1.5 The· practice of clerks of advocates filing affidavits without a
 0
      proper veri!1<;,11tion is deprecated. As matters before the apex court are
      determined on the basis of the statements contained in affidavits it is the
      duty of the litigants and the lawyers to file affidavits in accordance witli
      the rules to assist theCourt in administering justice. [56SE-FJ

 E       In the instant case, the affidavit filed by the complainant is clerly
  vague, general and defective, and does not i,JJdicate as to what facts
  were true to her knowledge, information and belief. It does not comply
  with the requirement of a valid affidavit as laid down in the Rules 5 and
  ~3 ofithe Supreme Court Rules. Slmllarly, the arr.davit in reply flied on
  behalf of the accused 'by omce clerk of the Advocate Is wholly Improper
F ilnd iliachnlsslble in evidence and liable to be rejected. [563E-F, 5650]

            Since both the arr.davits do not comply with the Roles, no reliance      [
      C@n be placed on them. They are accordingly rejected. Consequently,
      the contempt petition is also liable to be rejected, but parties are given a
      chance to file proper affidavits .. [565G]

(jJ        ORIGINAL CIVIL JURISDICTION: Contempt Petition No.
      31997 of 1987.

                                           IN

            Civil Appeal No. 2277 of 1986.
H
           SMT. SAVITHRAMMA v. C. NARONHA [SINGH, J.]               563

     From the Judgment and Order dated 30.3.1983,of the Karnataka
                                                                          A
High Court in Writ Petition No. 2585 of 1975.

      Padmanabha Mahale for the Complainant.

      M. Veerappa for the Accused.
                                                                          B
      The.Order of the Court was delivered by

      SINGH, J. The complainant has by means of this petition
claimed relief for taking action for contempt against the accused for
their !ailure to comply with the orders of this Court dated 14.7.1986
made in Civil Appeal No. 2277 of 1986 and to punish the accused who
include the Secretary and Commissioner, Government of Karnataka,          c
Revenue Department and Tehsildar, Land Reforms, Koppa, Chick-
magalur District, Karnataka.

         DuriJ.lg the hearing we noticed that the affidavit filed by the
 complainant as well as the. affidavit filed in reply to the cont,empt D
 petition both were not in accordance with the provisions of the
 Supreme Court Rules or Order 19 Rule 3 of Code of Civil Procedure.
 Smt.1Savithramma1 the complainant, has filed affidavit in support'ofthe
 contempt petition. In paragraph 2 of her affidavit she stated that the
 statements contained in the contempt petition were true to the be.st of
 her knowledge, belief and information. In paragraph 3 she has further E
 stated that the affidavit had been read over, translated arid explained
 to her and she understood the contents thereof and has further stated
 that"" the same were true to her knowledge. The affidavit is clearly
 vague and general and it does not comply with the req1Hrement of a
valid affidavit as laid down in Order XlRµ]es 5 and 13 ofthe_Supreme
Court Rules. The affidavit is defective as it does not indicate as to what F
facts were true to her personal knowledge, information and.belief.
Order XI Rule 2 of the Supreme Court Rules lays down that evidence
j.n support of an application may be given by affidavit in th~ Supr~!Jle
Court. Rule 5 provides that affidavit shall be confined to such facts as
the deponent is able of his own knowledge to prove;except on inter-
locutory applications, on which statements of his belief may be admit- .G
ted, provided that the grounds thereof are stated. Rule 13 provides
tpat in 'the verification of petitions, pleadings or other prciceedmgs,
statements b-ased on personal knowledge snail be· distinguished from
statements based on information and belief. In the case ·of statements
based on information the deponent shall disclose the source of his
 \!>formation. Similar provisions ~re contained in Order 19 Rule.3 of H
     564         SUPREME COURT REPORTS                  [198S] Supp. 2 S.C.R.

A   the Code of Civil Procedure. Affidavit is a mode of placing evidence
    before the Court. A party may prove a fact or facts by means of
    affidavit before this Court but such affidavit should be in accordance
    with Order XI Rules 5 and 13 of the Supreme Court Rules. The
    purpose underlying Rules 5 and 13 of Order XI of the Supreme Court
    Rules is to enable the Court to find out as to whether it would be safe
B to act on such evidence and to enable the court to know as to what
    facts are based in the affidavit on the basis of personal knowledge,
    information and belief as this is relevant for the p11rpose of appreciat-
    ing the evidence placed before the Court, in the form of affidavit. The
    importance of verification has to be judged by the purpose for which it
    is required. It is only on the basis or verification, it is possible to decide
CC the genuineness and authenticity of the allegations and the deponent
    can be held responsible for the allegations made in the affidavit. In this
     Court evidence in support of the statements contained in writ peti-
    tions, special leave petitions, applications and other miscellaneous
     matters, is accepted in the form of affidavit filed by the.parties con-
    cerned. It is therefore necessary that the party stating facts must dis-
Jj) close as to what facts are true to his personal knowledge, information
     or belief. If the statement of fact is based on information the source of
     information must be disclosed in the affidavit. An affidavit which does
     not comply ·with the provisions of Order XI of the Supreme Court
     Rules, has no probative value and it is liable to be rejected. In a matter
     where allegations of ma/a fides or disobedience of the Court's order
e    are made against a person or party it is all the more necessary that the
     person filing affidavit in this regard must take care to verify the facts
     stated in the affidavit strictly in accordance with the Rules 5 and 13 of
     Order XI of the Supreme Court Rules.

           We are constrained to observe that of late affidavit are being
f    filed in this Court in a slipshod manner without having any regard to
     the Rules. Affidavits are being filed by persons who could have no
     personal knowledge about the facts stated in the affidavit. Deponents
     of affidavit• pay no attention to verification, although this court laicj
     stress on this aspect as early as 1952. In State of Bombay v. Purushot-
     tam Jog Naik, [1952] SCR 674, a Constitution Bench considering the
di   importance of verification of an·affidavit observed:

                  "We wish, however, to observe that the verification of the
                  affidavits produced here is defective. The body of the
                  affidavit discloses that certain matters were known to the
                  Secretary who. m.ade the affidavit personally. The verifica-
H                 tion however states that everything was true to the best of
            SMf. SAVITHRAMMA-v, C, /'IARONHA (SINGH, J.]               565

            his information and b¢\ief. ·we point this out .as slipshod       A
            verifisatiens ef this·type might well in a given case lead to a
            rejection of the affidavit. Verifications should invariably be
            modelled on the lines of Order XIX, Rule 3, of the Civil
            Procedure Code, whether the Code applies in terms or not.
            And when the matter deposed to is not based on personal           B
            knowledge the sources of information should be clearly
            disclosed."

      In the instant case verification of the complai.nant's affidavit is
defective and it would not be safe to proceed pn the allegations
mentioned in the contempt petition.

      The matter does nqt rest here. The affidavit filed on behalf of the
accused in reply to the contempt petition is shocking. The Office clerk
of the advocate for the accused has filed affidavit on behalf of the
accused in reply tot~ contempt petition. The deponent of the counter
affidavit has verified the affidavit saying that the statement of the case
                                                                              D
of'the accused are true and correct which are based on the records
maintained in the office of the advoc.ate·and based on the instructions
received from the clients. Such an affidavit is wholly improper and
inadm.issibie in evidence and liable to be rejected. What reliance can
be placed on an affidavit filed by a person sitting at Delhi and that too
a clerk of an advocate practising at Delhi giving reply to the allegations
                                                                              E
and facts and circumstances existing at Karnataka on the basis of
records maintained in advocate's office at Delhi. The practice of clerks
of advocates filing affidavits without a proper verification shoull.be
deprecated. As matters before the apex court are determined.on the
basis of the statements contained in affidavits it is the duty of· the
litigants and the lawyers to file affidavits in accordance with tile rules
                                                                              F
to assist the Court in administering justice.

       Since the affidavit filed in Support of the contempt petition as
well as the affidavit in reply to the petition do not comply with Rules,
no reliance can be placed on them and both are liable to be rejected.
We accordingly reject the same and the contempt petition is liable to
                                                                              G
be dismissed on this ground alone. But we give a chance to the parties
to tile proper affidavits within six weeks. List trereafter.

N.P.v.