Holding

Section 10 of the General Clauses Act applies to save the limitation, and the High Court’s vacation notification meant the registry was closed, so filing on the re‑opening day was within time.

Summary

The appellant was declared elected to the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly on 26 November 1989. An election petition challenging his election was filed on 15 January 1990, after the 45‑day limitation under Section 81 of the Representation of the People Act, 1951 had expired on 10 January because the High Court was on Sankranti vacation from 2 to 12 January. The appellant sought dismissal of the petition on the ground of limitation, arguing that the High Court registry remained open during the vacation and that Section 10 of the General Clauses Act could not be invoked. The High Court held that the notification of vacation indicated the entire court, including its registry, was closed, and that Section 10 of the General Clauses Act saved the filing within time. The Supreme Court affirmed this view, stating that Sections 4 and 5 of the Limitation Act do not apply to election petitions and that Section 10 can be used to extend the limitation when the court is closed. Consequently, the appeal was dismissed.

Issues considered

Whether an election petition filed on the re‑opening day of a High Court, after the statutory 45‑day period under Section 81 of the Representation of the People Act, 1951 expired during a court vacation, is liable to be dismissed under Section 86 of the Act.
Whether Section 10 of the General Clauses Act, 1897 applies to save the limitation in such circumstances.
Whether the High Court notification of vacation implied that the court registry was closed for filing election petitions.

Legislation cited

General Clauses Act, 1897s. 10
Limitation Act, 1963s. 4, s. 5
Representation of the People Act, 1951s. 81, s. 86

Subjects

election petitionlimitation periodRepresentation of the People ActGeneral Clauses Actcourt vacationSection 10Section 81Section 86registry closure

Judgment

~
SIMHADRI SATYA NARAYANA RAO
< A
v.
M. BUDDA PRASAD AND ORS.

DECEMBER 21, 1990

[KULDIP SINGH AND M. FA1HIMA BEEVI, JJ.] B

Election Law: Repr,esentation of the People Act, 1951. Section 81
and 86-Election petition-Filing on the re-opening day of the High
Court after vacation-Statutory period of 45 days over during the
vacation-Whether liable to be dismissed under section 86 of the Act?

Notification dated 29.12.1989 issued by the High Court notifying c
the Sankranthi vacation-Its interpretation and scope-No distinction
can be made .betiveen the court and the office (Registry)-Manner and
extent of functioning during the vacation-Whether in the light of the
wording of the notification, the High Court remained closed between
2.1. I990 and I2. I. I990 so as to enable the election petitioners to invoke D
Section IO of the General Clauses Act.

The appellant bad contested for the assembly seat from Avina-
goda constituency and declared elected on November 26, 1989 to the
Andbra Pradesh Legislative Assembly. An election petition calling in
question bis election was med by the respondents in the High Court of E
Andbra Pradesh on the re-opening day of the Conrt after Sankranthi
vacation on January 15, 1990. As the statutory period of fortyfive days
under section 81 of the Act bad expired during the vacations, the
appellant moved an application praying for dismissal of the election
petition, inter alia on the ground of limitation. It was contended that the
Registry was open dnring this vacation, two Assistant Registrars were F
on duty, urgent applications were disposed of by the vacation judges
and In fact 25 election petitions were med during this period. The High
. Court rejected all the contentions and dismissed bis application and
relying on Section 10 of the General Clauses Act held that ming of the
Election Pitition on the re-opening day of the Court was within limita-
tion. The correctness of the decision of the Higl/ Court bas been cbal- G
lenged by the successful candidate In this appeal by special leave.
Atrmnlng the judgment of the High Court and dismissing the appeal,
this Court,

HELD: Sections 4 and S of the Limitation Act have no application
to the elfdbt pdilioos nnder the Rtpn>e••a••'ll of the People Ad. The bmdll H
_I
'701
702 SUPREME COURT REPORTS [1990] Supp. 3 S.C.R.

A of Section 10 of the General Clauses Act can however, be availed to have
limitation saved under the Act. [704D]

The notification dated December 29, 1989 nowhere stated that the
Registry would remain open. A bare reading of the said notification
leaves no manner of doubt that the Andhra Pradesh High Court
B remained closed for all purposes except for applications of urgent
nature for which vacation judges and vacation officers were designated.
There was no provision for filing of Election Petitions in the notification
and as such the filing of the election petition by the respondents on
re-opening day of the High Court by invoking Section lO of the General
Clauses Act, was justified. There Is no infirmity in the reasoning and
C the conclusions reached by the High Court. [706C, 708C]

Hukumdev Narain Yadav v. La/it Narain Mishra, (1974] 3 SCR
31; Hari Shanker Tripathi v. Shiv Harsh and Others, (1976] U.J. (S.C.)
242 and H.H. Raja Harinder Singh v. S. Kamai/ Singh, (1957] S.C.R.
208, followed.
D
CIVIL APPELLATE JURISDICTION: Civil Appeal No. 4532
(NCE) of 1990.

From the Judgment and Order dated 10. 7. 1990 of the Andhra
Pradesh High Court in Election Application No. 282 in Election Peti-
E tion No. 26 of 1980.

C. Sitaramaih, M.A. Chinnasama and M. Raghuraman for the
Appellant.

B. Parthasarthy for the Respondents.
F
The Judgment of the Court was delivered by

KULDIP SINGH, J. The question for our consideration in this
appeal is whether an election petition under the Representation of the
People Act, 1951 (hereinafter called the Act) filed on the re-opening
G ot"the High Court after vacations, the period of forty-five days under
Section 81 of the Act having run-out during the vacations, was liable to
be dismissed under Section 86 of the Act.

The elections to the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly were
held on November 22, 1989. The appellant contested the assembly- {
H seat from Avinagoda constituency. He was declared elected on
'/

SIMHADRI SATYA v. BUDDA PRASAD {KULDIP SINGH, J.] 703

November 26, 1989. An election petition calling in question the appel-
!ants election could be presented to the Andhra Pradesh High Court A
within 45 days from the date of declaration of the election-result of the
appellant. It is not disputed that the said period of forty-five days
expired on January 10, 1990. The election petition, challenging the
election of the appellant was, however, filed in the High Court by the
respondents on January 15, 1990. B

The High Court of Andhra Pradesh remained dosed for Sank-
ranthi Vacation form Tuesday January 2 to Friday January 15, 1990
(both days inclusive). January 13 and 14, 1990 were holidays being
,... second Saturday and Sunday. It was under these circumstances that
't the election petition was filed on the reopening of the High Court on
January 15, 1990. c
The appellant (returned candidate), filed an application before
the High Court praying that the election petition be dismissed, inter
aUa on the ground of limitation. It was contended that the Act being a
complete code 'for the determination of election disputes, its provi- D
sions have to be strictly complied'with and the election petition filed
beyond the the period of forty five days, was liable to be dismissed
under Section 86 read with Section 81 of the Act. It was also contended
that Section 5 of the Limitation Aet was not applicable, the Registry of
the High Court was open during the Saiikranthi-vacation, two
Assistant Registrars were on vacation duty, urgent applications were E
being disposed of by the vacation-Judges and 25 election petitions
were in fact filed during the said vacations. The High Court rejected
the contentions of the appellant and dismissed the application. The
High Court came to the conclusion that the notification regarding
Sankranthi-vacation did not make any distinction between the Court
and the Registry of the High Court. It explicitly stated that the High F
Court would remain closed from January 2, 1990 to January 12, 1990.
Relying upon Section 10 of the General Clause Act the High Court
"" found that the filing of the election petition on the reopening day of
the High Court on January 15, 1990 was within limitation. This appeal
via special leave petition is against the judgment of the High Court.
G
This Court in Hukumdev Narain Yadav v. La/it Narain Mishra,
[1974] 3 S.C.R. 31 and Hari Shanker Tripathi v. Shiv Harsh and
Others, [1976] U.J. (S.C.) 242 has held that Sections 4 and 5 of the
Limitation Act has no application fo the election petitions under the
Act. It was further held, following H.H. Raja Harinder Singh v..
,
. S. Kamai/ Singh, [1957] S.C.R. 208 that Section 10 of the General H
704 SUPREME COURT REPORTS [1990] Supp. 3 S.C.R.

Clauses Act would in terms be applicable to the election petitions
A under the Act. Section 10 (relevant-part) is as under:

"10. ( 1) Where, by any Central Act or Regulation made
after the commencement of this Act, any act or proceeding
is directed or allowed to be done or taken in any Court or
B office on a certain day or within a prescribed period, then,
if the Court or office is closed on that day or the last day of
the prescribed period, the Act or proceeding shall be con-
sidered as done or taken in due time if it is done or taken on
the next day afterwards on which the Court or office is
open: ....,_
c provided that nothing in this section shall apply to
any act or proceeding to which the Indian Limitation Act,
1877, applies."

The learned counsel for the parties have nor disputed the legal
D position that Sections 4 and 5 of the Limitation Act have no applica-
tion to the election petitions under the Act. It is also not disputed that
the benefit of Section 10 of the General Clauses Act can be availed to
save limitation under the Act. But according to the appellant the High
Court Registry was open during Sankranthi-vacation and as such the
respondent could not invoke the provisions of Section 10 of the
E General Clauses Act.

Mr. C. Sitaramiah, learned counsel for the appellant has argued
that rule 3 of the Rules framed by the High Court to regulate the trial
of election petitionsprovides that every election petition "shall be filed
in the office of the Registrar by the petitioner or an advocate duly
F appointed by him". He has also taken us through the notification
dated December 29, 1989 issued by the High Court notifying the Sank-
ranthi vacation. Relying on the contents of the notification he con- ....
tended that the High Court Registry remained open during ·the vaca-
tions and as such in terms of rule 3 of the High Court Rules election
petition could be presented during the vacations. All the arguments
G advanced before the High Court were reiterated. According to the
learned counsel, not only the High Court Registry was open but even
the Vacation Judges sat to dispose of urgent applications. He pointed
out that in fact 25 election petitions were filed during Sankranthi-
vacation which further goes to show that the Registry was open. The
learned counsel finally contended that unless there is specific bar in the
H vacation-notification the election petitions can always be filed during (
long vacation.
.j
SIMHADRI SATYA v. BUDDA PRASAD [KULDIP SINGH, J.] 705

There are no rules or standing orders issued by the Andhra
A
Pradesh High Court providing for a uniform pattern of working during
the vacations. It is the notification notifying the Sankranthi-vacation
which would indicate the manner and extent of functioning of the High
Court during the vacation. Whether the. registry was open, if so, to
that extent and for what type of work, can only be spelled-out from the
contents of the Notification. It is, therefore, necessary to examine the B
scope and effect of the notification issued by the Andhra Pradesh High
Court in this respect. The said notification is as under:

Notification. Dt. 29-12-1989 R.O.C. No. 5463/89-C3 .

• Notice is hereby given that the High Court of Andhra
Pradesh will remain. closed for Sankranthi Vacation, 1990 c
from Tuesday the 2nd January to Friday the 12th January,
1990 (tioth days inclusive).

The Hon'ble Sri Justice N.D. Patnaik will be the
Vacation Judge from 2-1-1990 to 6-1-1990 and the Hon'ble D
Sri Justice Syed Shah Mohammead Quadri will be the
Vacation Judge from 7-1-1990 to 12-1-1990.

The Vacation Judges will sit in Court at 10.30 A.M.
on Wednesday the 3rd January, 1990 and Tuesday the 9th
January, 1990 during Vacation to dispose of applications of E
urgent nature unless otherwise notified.

Sri K.V.G. Krishna Murthy and Sri. S. Raja Chou-
dary Assistant Registrars will be the Vacation Officers dur-
ing the said Vacation.
F
Notice of any application of an urgent nature shall be
given to the Vacation Officers before 1.30 P .M. on Tues-
day and 2nd January and the 8th January, 1990

REGISTRAR (ADMN)."
G
The first para of the notification, which is the operataive part,
states that "the High Court of Andhra Pradesh will remain closed for
Sankranthi Vacation, 1990 from Tuesday the 2nd January to Friday
the 12th January, 1990 (both days inclusive)." The notification
nowhere states that the Registry of the High Court would remain
I
open. Notice to the effect that "the High Court of Andhra Pradesh will H
706 SUPREME COURT REPORTS [1990] Supp. 3 S.C.R.

remain closed" cannot be understood by layman-litigant to mean that
A it would still be open for filing purposes. After the operative part
which declares the closure of the High Court for Sankranthi Vacation,
the subsequent paras specifically indicate the matters which could be
filed during the vacation. It is stated !hart two Hon'ble Judges would
be the Vacation Judges for the specified period and they would dispose
B of applications of urgent nature. The designation of two Assistant
Registrars as vacations officers and the provision of notice of urgent
applications to the vacation officers a day earlier of sitting of the
vacation Judges, goes to show that the Registry was not functioning in
the ordinary course. A bare reading of the notification leaves no
manner of doubt that the Andhra Pradesh High Court remained closed
for all purposes except for applications of urgent nature for which vaca- •
c tion Judges and vacation officers were designated. There was no provi-
sion for filing of Election Petitions in the notification and as such the
filing of the election petition by the respondents on re-opening day of
High Court by invoking Section ·10 of the General Clause Act, was
justified.
D
In Hari Shanker Tripathi v. Shiv Harsh and Others, (supra) the
notification issued by the Allahabad High Court stated that May 25 to
July 7, 1974 would be observed as closed holidays in the High Court
due to summer vacation. The period for filing the election petition had
expired during the summer vacation and the election petition was filed
E on the reopening day of the High Court after the summer vacation.
This Court held as under:

"For the reasons given above we are satisfied that the
period of limitation expired during the summer vacation
which was a closed holiday by virtue of the notification
F issued by the High Court, the Registrar was not competent
to entertain the election petition nor could the appellant
have presented the election petition legally to the Registrar
during such period. We are further satisfied that this is a
case in which s. 10 of the General Clauses Act, applies in
terms and the appellant was fully justified in filing the elec-
G tion petition on the re-opening day of the High Court,
namely, July 8, 1974."

We do not agree with the contention of Mr. Sitaramiah that in
the absence of any bar in the notification the election petitions under
the Act can be filed during the vacations. It is the vacation-notification
H which has to b.,. looked-up to find-out whether the registry is open for
f
SIMHADRI SATYA v. BUDDA PRASAD [KULDIP SINGH, J.) 707

... presenting the election petitions. The notification in this case unmis-
A
takably stated that the High Court would remain closed during
Sankranthi-vacation. No reasonable person would knock the door of
the High Court during that period for filing an election petition.

The Andhra Pradesh High Court which issued the Sankranthi-
Vacation notification interpreted the same in the following words: B

It, therefore, follows that the notification referred to
above, dated 29.12.1989 did not permit either of the
Hon'ble Judges or the Registry to receive the Election Peti-
tions during the Sankranthi Vacation. As mentioned
..• already, the notification says that the High Court of
Andhra Pradesh will remain closed for the Sankranthi vaca-
c
tion from 2.1.1990 to 12.1.1990 (both days inclusive). The
nomination does not clarify that the Judges of the High
Court alone would refrain from work between 2. L 1990 and
12.1.1990 and that the Registry would function normally
during the said period of vacation. The notification does D
not even further specify that the vacation officers are
authorised to receive any papers presented to them other
than notices of applications of urgent nature. In the light of
the specific wording contained in that notification, I hold
that the High Court of Andhra Pradesh remained closed
for the Sanknmthi vacation from 2.1.1990 to 12. 1.1990 E
which means that the Registry of the High Court also
remained closed during the said period.

It is submitted by the learned counsel for the peti-
tioners that the High Court Registry wes open during the
vacation and received as many as 25 Election Petitions. It is F
not necessary in these applications to consider whether the
Registry was competent to receive those 25 Election Peti-
tions during the vacation. This is not a relevant considera-
tion for the disposal of these applications. What all is
necessary to consider in these applications is whether in the
light of the wording contained in the notification dated G
29 .12. 1989, the High Court remained closed between
2.1.1990 to 12. L 1990 so as to enable the election peti
tioners to invoke Section 10 of the General Clauses Act

The learned counsel for the petitioners referring to H
"
708 SUPREME COURT REPORTS [1990] Supp. 3 S.C.R.

A the wording contained in Section 10 of the General Clauses
Act tried to draw a distinction between the closure of the
"court" and "office" on the last day of limitation and tried
to submit that what all has been closed is the High Court
but not the office. There is no scope to draw such an infe-
rence from the notification. As I have mentioned already,
B the High Court of Andhra Pradesh, remained closed for
the Sankranthi Vacation and the notification does not give
room for any distinction being made between the court and
the office which means the Registry of the High Court."

We see no infirmity in the reasoning and the conclusions reached
c by the High Court. No other point was urged before us. We, therefore, •
distniss the appeal with no order as to costs.

R.N.J. Appeal dismissed.

.-

•