SAROJ & ORS.versusHET LAL & ORS.

              [2010] 14 (ADDL.) S.C.R. 513


                     SAROJ & ORS.                             A
                             v.
                     HET LAL & ORS.
             (Civil Appeal No. 10321 of 2010)
               ,   DECEMBER 07, 2010
                                                              B
       [V.S. SIRPURKAR AND T.S. THAKUR, JJ.]
                                                        ..
     Motor Vehicles Act, 1966 - ss. 166 and 161 (3)(a) -
Compensation - Motorcycle driven by deceased, hit by -
vehicle driven in a rash and negligent manner, resulting in C
death of motorcyclist - Claim petition - Dismissed by Tribunal
as also High Court - On appeal, held: Courts below ignored
the admission by the owner of the vehicle that the vehicle
belonging to him was involved in an accident with motorcycle
and vehicle was driven by the driver - It cannot be said that D
the negligence being on part of the motorcyclist, there was no
question of compensation and that it was· a hit and run case
- More so, even if it was a hit and run case, claimants entitled
to at least Rs.25,0001- as per s.161 (3) (a) - Matter remitted
back to tribunal as regards the liability for compensation on E
the part of driver, owner and insurance company - No fault
compensation.

     'JS', aged 34 years, was a registered medical
practitioner and was earning Rs. 25,000/- p.m. on the
fateful day, 'JS' was driving a motorcycle. The motorcycle F
was hit by vehicle, Tata 207 driven in a rash and negligent
manner. 'JS' died on the spot. The appellants, legal
representatives of 'JS', filed a claim petition under Section
166 of the Motor Vehicles Act, 1966 against respondent
No. 1 - the driver, respondent No. 2 - the owner of the G
vehicle and respondent No. 3, the insurance company.
The Tribunal dismissed the claim petition holding that the
offending vehicle owned by respondent No.. 2 and

                            513                               H
    514    SUPREME COURT REPORTS (2010] 14 (ADDL.) S.C.R.


A allegedly driven by respondent No. 1 was not involved
  in the accident at all. The High Court upheld the order.
  Therefore, the appellants-claimants filed the instant
  appeal:

8         Remitting the matter to the tribunal, the Court

      HELD: 1.1. The petition could not have been
  dismissed in totality. Presuming it to be a hit and run
  case, the appellants were entitled to at least Rs.25,000/-
  as per the provisions of Section 161 (3) (a) of the Motor
C Vehicles Act. Both the courts below failed to note the said
  provision. [Para 12] [521-A-B]

       1.2. The courts below completely erred in giving the
  finding that it was a hit and run case and that the vehicle
o belonging to respondent No.2 was not involved in the
  accident. Insofar as that finding is concerned, it was an
  admitted position in the pleadings of respondent No.2
  that Tata 207 vehicle was involved in an accident with the
  motorcycle which took place on 16.9.2005 at 3.30 p.m. and
E the said vehicle was being driven by respondent No.1.
  The admission in the pleadings itself is sufficient to hold
  that the vehicle belonging to respondent No.2 was
  involved in the accident. The said admission was never
  traversed by respondent No.2 and, thus, there was no
F occasion to hold that the said vehicle was not involved;
  and that it was a hit and run case. Not only the Tribunal
  but the High Court also ignored the vital admission on
  the part of respondent No.2. It was nobody's case that
  the admissio'n of respondent No.2 was in collusion
  between respondent No.2 and the appellants. Thus, there
G was no occasion for holding that the vehicle was not
  involved in the accident and on that count exonerating
  the three respondents. [Para 12] [521-B-F]


H
         SAROJ & ORS. v. HET LAL & ORS.                 515


     1.3. The admission by respondent No. 2 might not be       A
binding vis-a-vis respondent No.1, the driver, who
continued to take a stand that the vehicle being driven
by him was not involved in the accident. This defence of
respondent No.1 is understandable as admittedly he is
facing the prosecution for causing the accident and the        s
death thereby of deceased 'JS'. [Para 13) [521-G]

     1.4. The counsel on behalf of respondent No. 3
cannot dispute the fact that there was an. admission by
respondent No.2 that the vehicle belonging to him was          C
involved in an accident. It cannot be said that the
negligence was only on the part of the motorcyclist and
there would be no question of any compensation on that
count. The tribunal did not consider the matter from the
said angle. Thus, Therefore, the judgments are set aside
the matter is remitted back to the Tribunal only on the        D
question of liability for compensation on the part of
respondent Nos. 1, 2 and 3, on account of the accident
caused by Tata 207 vehicle with motorcycle and the death
of 'JS' in the same. The matter is pending for the last five
years. The appellants have not received any                    E
compensation up till now. Therefore, the Tribunal is
directed to dispose of the matter within the stipulated time
period in the light of the observations made regarding the
questions like no-fault compensation along with other
necessary questions. [Para 14 and 15) [522-A-F]                F

    CIVIL APPELLATE JURISDICTION : Civil Appeal No.
10321 of 2010.

     From the Judgment & Order dated 15.5.2009 of the High
Court of Punjab & Haryana at Chandigarh in F.A.O. No. 4470     G
of 2008.

     S. Balakrishna, S.N. Jha, Jasneet Kaur (for Subramonium
Prasad), Gagan Gupta, S.L. Gupta (for Goodwill lndeevar) for
the appearing parties.                                         H
    516    SUPREME COURT REPORTS (2010] 14 (ADDL.) S.C.R.


A         The Judgment of the Court was delivered by

          V.S. SIRPURKAR, J. 1. Leave granted.

       2. In this appeal, the judgment of the High Court affirming
  the judgment of the Motor Accident Claims Tribunal, Gurgaon
B (hereinafter referred to as 'the Tribunal') dismissing the claim
  of the claimants-appellants has been challenged. Shortly stated,
  the factual conspectus is as under:-

          Claimants-appellants are the legal representatives of one
c Joginder Singh who was a young man of 34 years. An accident
  took place on 16.09.2005 while deceased Joginder Singh was
  driving a motorcycle bearing registration No.HR-26-P/9413
  while going to village Nimot from village Mandavar. As per the
  claim, the motorcycle met with an accident as it was hit by a
0 vehicle, Tata 207 bearing registration No. HR-38-U6592 which
  was being driven in a rash and negligent manner. It is claimed
  that in that accident Joginder Singh died on the spot. He was
  claimed to be a· registered medical practioner and that his
  monthly earning was Rs.25,000/- approximately. Therefore, a
  claim was filed under Section 166 of the Motor Vehicles Act
E wherein the driver Het Lal, owner of the vehicle Pramod Kumar
  and the Oriental Insurance Company werf;l joined as party
  respondents. The claim was opposed by the driver and he took
  the plea that no such accident ever took place though he
  admitted that he was the driver of aforementioned vehicle. In
F his statement, however, the owner i.e. respondent No.2, while
  opposing the claim, admitted that his vehicle was engaged in
  the accident in paragraph three of his written statement. The
  part of paragraph 3 of the written statement of respondent No.2
  is as under:
G
        'The present claim petition is not maintainable against the
        answering respondent in view of the facts mentioned in
        preliminary objection No.1 above and especially when the
       deceased was driving motorcycle No.HR-26-P-9413
H
            SAROJ & ORS. v. HET LAL & ORS.                     517
                 [V.S. SIRPURKAR, J.]

    rashly, negligently at a reckless speed without wearing           A
    helmet, without holding effective and valid licence, hit Tata
    207 bearing No.HR-38-L-6592 of respondent No.2 from
    behind as he could not control his speed and thus, the
    deceased himself was the author of the alleged accident
    and there was no fault on the part of respondent No.1 who         B
    was driving the Tata 207 with moderate speed, adopting
    traffic regulations and with valid, effective driving licence.
    Hence this petition is liable to be dismissed on this ground
    alone."

     3. The same plea is repeated in the written statement while C
replying to paragraphs 1 to 13 of the claim petition practically
in the same words as stated above. The owner of the vehicle
also went on to oppose the petition on the ground that the
claimants-~ppellants were not the only legal heirs of the
deceased nor were the sufferers or dependant upon him and
                                                                  - D
that they had filed the petition only to extract huge amount by
way of compensation. The claims made by the claimants-
appellants in their petition about the age and income of the
deceased were also denied.
                                                                    E
     4. Thus, it was clear that at least the owner of the vehicle
admitted the claim made in the claim petition to the effect that
the vehicle was engaged in an accident with the vehicle of the
deceased and that it was being driven by respondent No.1 who
was his driver. In support of their claim of the appellants, F
following issues were framed by the Tribunal, they being:-

      (1)    whether the accident took place due to rash and
             negligent driving of vehicle No. HR-38-L/6592 by
             respondent No.1?
                                                                      G
      (2)    whether the petitioners are entitled to
             compensation on account of death of Joginder
             Sin<:-h in the accident and, if so, to what amount and
             from whom?
                                                                      H
    518   SUPREME COURT REPORTS [2010] 14 (ADDL.) S.C.R.


A         (3)   whether respondent No.1 was not holding a valid
                and effective driving licence at the time of the
                accident?

          (4)   Relief.
B       5. While respondent Nos.1 and 2 did not contest the claim
    and they were proceeded ex parte, it was only the insurance
    company, the third respondent who took part in the proceedings
    and tendered some documents to support their claim.

c       6. One Virender Singh was examined as PW-11 who was
   an eye-witness to the accident. He supported the fact of
   accident which took place near a bridge. He also asserted that
   the Tata 207 vehicle was being driven at a very high speed and
   in a rash and negligent manner and it hit a motorcyclist from
o behind. He also gave the correct registration number of the
   motorcycle. The only suggestion made to him was that he was
   not present at the time of the accident and he was a procured
   witness. The appellants also led the evidence that the driver,
   respondent No.1 was facing trial for causing accident in the
E Court of Smt. Ranjana Agrawal, Judicial Magistrate 1st Class,
   Gurgaon for offences under Sections 279 and 304A, Indian
   Penal Code (IPC). The Tribunal took the note that the First
   Information Report was filed after 18 hours of the accident by
   the brother of the deceased wherein it was claimed that his
F elder brother Joginder Singh who was riding the motorcycle
   No.HR-26-P/9413 was hit by some unknown vehicle and he
   died on the spot. The Tribunal also noted that this witness had
   done the further formalities of removing the dead body etc. The
  ·Tribunal then posed a question to itself as to how and under
   what circumstances the police came to know that accident was
G caused by the Tata 207 vehicle belonging to respondent No.2
   and that at the time of the accident, it was being driven by
   respondent No.1. The Tribunal noted that one Dhani Ram of
   village Sanpla was present at his house when the first
   respondent, who was the son of his brother-in-law, came to him
H and asked him to produce him before the police saying that
          SAROJ & ORS. v. HET LAL & OR,S.                     519
                [V.S. SIRPURKAR, J.]
the accident in question was caused by him. Dhani Ram, on             A
this, asked him to bring the offending vehicle which he brought.
That is how Het Lal produced himself on 18.9.2005 to the
police along with the vehicle. The Tribunal questioned this and
doubted this story of Dhani Ram. According to the Tribunal,
there was no reason for respondent No.1 to go to Dhani Ram            B
and make the request, as he did. The Tribunal also drew an
adverse inference on account of non-examination of Dhani
Ram. The Tribunal also noted the fact that in the charge-sheet,
Exhibit P-9, Virender Singh was initially not cited as a witness.
The Tribunal, therefore, deduced that the alleged confession by       c
respondent No.1 to Dhani.Ram was a weak type of evidence.
Virender Singh was introduced as eye-witness and his name
was added with different ink in the report in last at serial No.11.
The Tribunal did not accept his evidence on the ground that
Virender Singh did not take any step to go to the police after
                                                                      0
having seen the accident and his statement was recorded as
late as after 20 days. The Tribunal also refused to comment on
the fact that respondent No.1 was facing a trial for the offence
under Sections 279 and 304A, IPC. Lastly, the Tribunal wrote
a finding that it was apparent that it is a case of hit and run by
some unknown vehicle and the alleged unknown vehicle was a            E
introduced vehicle to claim compensation.
                                        '
     7. In view of this, the claim was dismissed.

     8. The claimants-appellants came to the High Court and F
the High Court virtually confirmed the order repeating the
findings given by the Tribunal including a finding that the
offending vehicle owned by respondent No.2 and allegedly
driven by respondent No.1 was not involved in the accident at ·
all.
                                                                G
     9. Shri Balakrishnan, learned senior Counsel appearing on
behalf of the appellants pointed out firstly that both the Courts
below have totally failed to apply their mind to the pleadings
and that has resulted in grave miscarriage of justice. He pointed
out that the involvement of the Tata 207 vehicle owned by             H.
    520 SUPREME COURT REPORTS [2010) 14 (ADDL.) S.C.R.

A respondent No.2 in this very accident was an admitted fact
  which was admitted in pleadings and as such both the Courts
  below were wholly unjustified in holding that the said vehicle
  was not involved in the accident and that it was a hit and run
  case. The learned Counsel urged that the finding that this was
8 a hit and run case where the vehicle, Tata 207 was not involved
  was a mere imagination on the part of the Tribunal which even
  the High Court failed to note. The learned Counsel urged that
  in fact it was an admitted position that respondent No.1 was
  being prosecuted for causing the accident and death while he
C was driving the very same vehicle. The learned Counsel further
  urged that there was nothing unnatural in the evidence of
  Virender Singh and merely because his statement was
  recorded later on, that by itself was no reason to dis-believe
  the evidence as he was a totally dis-interested witness. The
  learned Counsel also pointed out that non-examination of Dhani
D Ram was also of no consequence for the simple reason that
  police indeed found that the accident had taken place wherein
  the said vehicle, Tata 207 was involved on the one hand and
  the motorcycle driven by Joginder Singh on the other. The
  learned Counsel, therefore, pointed out that the judgments of
E the Courts below could not be sustained.

        10. On the other hand, Shri S.L.Gupta, learned Counsel
  appearing on behalf of respondent No.3, Insurance Company
  tried to support the findings and also admitted that even if this
F was a case of hit and run accident, even then the appellants
  were liable to be paid the no-fault liability under Section 161
  of the Motor Vehicles Act which admittedly was not paid to
  them.

       11. Shri Gagan Gupta, learned Counsel appearing on
G behalf of respondent No.1, driver, however, denied that any
  accident had ever taken place or that the driver was involved
  in any accident. Respondent No.2, however, did not choose to
  come before us.

H       12. On considering the rival arguments, it must be said that
          SAROJ & ORS. v. HET LAL & ORS.                     521
                [VS. SIRPURKAR, J.]
the petition could not have been dismissed in totality.              A
Presuming it to be a hit and run case, the appellants were
entitled to at least Rs.25,000/- as per the provisions of Section
161 (3) (a) of the Motor Vehicles Act. Therefore, both the Courts
below have obviously failed to note this provision. But that is
not the end of the matter. In our opinion, both the Courts below     B
have completely erred in giving the finding that it was a hit and
run case and that the concerned vehicle belonging to
respondent No.2 was not involved in the accident. Insofar as
that finding is concerned, it was an admitted position in the
pleadings of respondent No.2 that firstly, the Tata 207 vehicle      c
bearing registration No. HR-38-L/6592 was involved in an
accident with the motorcycle bearing registration No.HR-26-P/
9413 which took place on 16.9.2005 at 3.30 p.m. and
secondly, the said vehicle was being driven by respondent No.1.
This admission in the pleadings which we have quoted in the          0
order was itself sufficient to hold that the concerned vehicle
belonging to respondent No.2 was involved in the accident. This
admission was never traversed by respondent No.2 and, thus,
there was no occasion to hold that the said vehicle was not
invqlved and that it was a hit and run case. It is surprising that   E
not only the Tribunal but the High Court also should have
ignored the vital admission on the part of respondent No.2. It
was nobody's case that this admission of respondent No.2 was
in collusion between respondent No.2 and appellants. Once
this position is clear, there is no occasion for holding that the
vehicle was not involved in the accident and on that count           F
exonerating the three respondents.

     13. In strict sense, this admission may not be binding vis-
a-vis respondent No.1, the driver, who continued to take a stand
that vehicle being driven by him was not involved in the             G
accident. This defence of respondent No.1 is understandable
as admittedly he is facing the prosecution for causing the
accident and the death thereby of deceased Joginder Singh
on 16.9.2005 at 3.30 p.m.
                                                                     H
    522   SUPREME COURT REPORTS [2010] 14 (ADDL.) S.C.R.


A         14. Shri Gupta, learned Counsel could not dispute the
    written statement, copy of which is filed before us and the fact
    that there was an admission by respondent No.2 that the
    vehicle belonging to him was involved in an accident.

B       15. It is obvious that both the Courts below have failed to
  note this fact. The judgments, therefore, would have to be set
  aside and the matter would have to be remitted back to the
  Tribunal to decide the liability of the respondents on account
  of the accident caused by Tata vehicle No.207 bearing
  registration No. HR-38-L/6592 with motorcycle bearing
C registration No.HR-26-P/9413 and the death of Joginder Singh
  in the same. It was tried to be feebly argued that under any
  circumstances, the negligence was only on the part of the
  motorcyclist and there will be no question of any compensation
  on that count. We are afraid, we cannot appreciate this. The
D Tribunal has not considered the matter from this angle. It is for
  this reason that we are inclined to remand the matter back to
  the Tribunal only on the question of liability for compensation
  on the part of respondent Nos. 1, 2 and 3. The matter is
  pending for the last five years. It is an admitted position that
E the appellants have not received any compensation up till now.
  Therefore, the Tribunal shall be well advised to dispose of the
  matter within six months from the date on which this order is
  received by the Tribunal. The Tribunal shall hear the parties
  again and shall dispose of the matter in the light of the
F observations we have made above regarding questions like no-
  fault compensation along with other necessary questions. The
  appeal is allowed in these terms. The costs are assessed at
  Rs. 25,000/-.

G N.J.                                             Appeal allowed.