RE-INHUMAN CONDITIONS IN 1382 PRISONSversus.

                         [2018] 4 S.C.R. 461                              461


         RE-INHUMAN CONDITIONS IN 1382 PRISONS                            A
                (Writ Petition (Civil) No. 406 of 2013)
                            MAY 08, 2018
      [MADAN B. LOKUR AND DEEPAK GUPTA, JJ.]
      Prison: Under trial – Implementation of Standard Operating          B
Procedure (SOP) for Under Trial Review Committee – Overcrowding
in prisons – High courts to take up the issue of overcrowding in
prisons as a suo moto writ petition – Vacancies in the prison staff –
High Court to look into this issue as a suo moto writ petition –
Government of India is conducting a study through the National            C
Law University on women prisoners and their children – Ministry
will consider the study report – State Government to notify and
implement Model Rules called Model Uniform Rules for the
Administration of Open Correctional Institutions – State
Governments to try and utilize the existing capacity of these open
prisons and if necessary increase the existing capacity of these open     D
prisons in due course of time – Matter to be listed on 2.8.2018.
      CIVIL ORIGINAL JURISDICTION : Writ Petition (Civil)
No. 406 of 2013.
      Under Article 32 of the Constitution of India.
                                                                          E
       A. N. S. Nadkarni, ASG, Vibha Dutta Makhija, Sr. Adv., Saurabh
Mishra, Ms. Aishwarya Bhati, S. S. Shamshery, AAGs, Gaurav Agrawal
(AC), R. M. Bajaj, Ms. Binu Tamta, R. Bala, Ms. Sushma Suri,
B. K. Prasad, Ms. Sushma Manchanda, M. K. Maroria, Ms. Aarti
Sharma, Santosh Kr. Vishwakarma, B. V. Balaram Das, Guntur
                                                                          F
Prabhakar, Ms. Prerna Singh, Gautam Prabhakar, Shuvodeep Roy, Sayooj
Mohandas M., M. Shoeb Alam, Ms. Fauzia Shakil, Ujjwal Singh, Mojahid
Karim Khan, Atul Jha, Sandeep Jha, Dharmendra Kumar Sinha,
Anshuman Srivastava, S. S. Rebello, Apoorva Bhumesh, Ms. Hemantika
Wahi, Ms. Mamta Singh, Ms. Vishakha, Ms. Shodhika Sharma,
Ms. Pallavi Baghel, Ajay Marwah, Mool Singh, B. K. Satija, Sanjay Kr.     G
Visen, Tapesh Kumar Singh, Mohd. Waquas, Aditya Pratap Singh,
V. N. Raghupathy, Parikshit P. Angadi, C. K. Sasi, Arjun Garg, Mahaling
Pandarge, Nishant R. Katneshwarkar, Leishangthem Roshmani Kh.,
Ms. Maibam Babina, Ranjan Mukherjee, Daniel Stone Lyngdoh,
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                                 461
462              SUPREME COURT REPORTS                        [2018] 4 S.C.R.


A     K. V. Kharlyndoh, K. N. Madhusoodhanan, Nitya Madhusoodhanan,
      T. G. Narayanan Nair, Mrs. K. Anatoli Sema, Edward Belho, Amit
      Kumar Singh, K. Luikang Michael, Z. H. Isaac Haiding, Ms. Anindita
      Pujari, Ms. Kavita Bhardwaj, Ashok Panigrahi, Ms. Uttara Babbar,
      Ms. Akanksha Choudhary, Ms. Bhavna Duhoon, Amit Sharma, Sandeep
      Singh, Ankit Raj, Ms. Ruchi Kohli, Ms. Pragati Neekhra, Aruna Mathur,
B
      Avneesh Arputham, Ms. Anuradha Arputham, Ms. Simran Jeet (for
      M/s. Arputham Aruna & Co.), Shuvodeep Roy, Rituraj Biswas,
      M. Yogesh Kanna, Sujatha Bagadhi, Garvesh Kabra, Ms. Rachana
      Srivastava, Ms. Monika, Ms. Sudipta, Suhaan Mukerji, Harsh Hiroo
      Gusahanbi, Vishal Prasad, Ms. Astha Sharma, Amjid Maqbool, Amit
C     Verma (for PLR Chamers and Co.), Bhupesh Narula, K. V. Jagdishvaran,
      Mrs. G. Indira, M. S. Doabia, S. S. Rawat, V. G. Pragasam, S. Prabu
      Ramasubramanian, S. Manuraj, T. N. Rama Rao, Hitesh Kumar Sharma,
      T. Veera Reddy, Ms. Ritu Kumar, Ms. Pragya Singh, Satya Mitra, Kamal
      Mohan Gupta, P. Venkat Reddy, PRashant Kr. Tyagi (for M/s. Venkat
      Palwai Law Associates), Pukhrambam Ramesh Kumar, Himanshu
D
      Agarwal, Yash S. Vijay, Advs. for the appearing parties.
              The following Order of the Court was passed :
                                    ORDER
            We have seen the Note of Hearing submitted by learned amicus
E     curiae.
             We have heard learned amicus curiae as well as learned Additional
      Solicitor General and other learned counsel.
              There are six issues for consideration today:
F     1.      Under Trial Review Committee
             It is stated by Mr. Surinder S. Rathi, Director, NALSA that the
      Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) for Under Trial Review Committee
      is ready.
             Learned amicus curiae says that he will look into it and perhaps
G     have some further discussion with NALSA.
              In any event, the SOP will be finalized on or before 30th June,
      2018.
             As soon as the SOP is finalized, it should be circulated to all the
H     District Judges and Under Trial Review Committees for implementation.
         RE-INHUMAN CONDITIONS IN 1382 PRISONS                                 463


      If and when there are some constraints in the implementation of          A
the SOP, it should be brought to the notice of NALSA so that necessary
or corrective measures can be taken.
      No further orders are required to be passed on this issue.
       We compliment Mr. Rathi and others in NALSA associated in the
drafting of the SOP and place on record our appreciation for their efforts.    B

2.    Overcrowding in Prisons
        It appears from the Note given by learned amicus curiae that
the issue of overcrowding in prisons is not being taken seriously by the
prison authorities. There are several prisons where the overcrowding is        C
well beyond 100% and in some cases it exceeds 150%.
        In our opinion, this matter should be considered by each High
Court independently with the assistance of the State Legal Services
Authority/ High Court Legal Services Committee so that there is some
sanity in the overcrowding in prisons since it involves violation of human     D
rights.
      Under the circumstances, we request the Chief Justice of every
High Court to take up the issue of overcrowding in prisons as a suo
moto writ petition.
      The Secretary General should send a copy of this order to the            E
Registrar General of every High Court for necessary steps in this regard
and report back to us.
3.    Vacancies in the prisons staff
       From the Note of learned amicus curiae, we find that once again
there is little interest being shown by the prison authorities and the State   F
Governments to recruit staff in prisons. This, of course, has its own
impact on prison administration.
       Looking to the Note of learned amicus curiae, we are of opinion
that this matter should also be taken up by each High Court.
                                                                               G
      Accordingly, we request the Chief Justice of every High Court to
take up this matter as a suo moto writ petition.
      The Secretary General should send a copy of this order to the
Registrar General of every High Court for necessary steps in this regard
and report back to us.
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464             SUPREME COURT REPORTS                             [2018] 4 S.C.R.


A     4.   Women prisoners and their children
             Learned Additional Solicitor General informs us that the Ministry
      of Women and Child Development, Government of India is conducting a
      study through the National Commission for Women and the National
      Law University, Delhi on women prisoners and their children. He says
B     that as per his information the Study will be completed by 30th June,
      2018 and the Ministry would thereafter like to look into the Study and
      take necessary steps. He further says that the consideration will take
      about 2 or 3 weeks.
             For this purpose, list the matter on 2nd August, 2018.
C     5.   Training Manuals
            The Bureau of Police Research and Development has prepared
      some training manuals for the prison officers and prison warders.
            We expect the National Police Academy and the State Police
D     Academies to take advantage of the excellent effort put in by the Bureau
      of Police Research and Development and conduct training courses
      appropriately.
              As and when the Bureau of Police Research and Development
      feels it necessary to prepare other training manuals for the benefit of the
      prison staff, it is, of course, at liberty to do so, but should bring it to the
E
      notice of learned amicus curiae for information.
             No further orders are required to be passed on this issue.
      6.    Open Prisons
            It is stated by learned Additional Solicitor General that steps are
F     being taken to encourage setting up of open prisons.
           In fact, Model Rules called the Model Uniform Rules for the
      Administration of Open Correctional Institutions have been framed.
            As far as the Union of India is concerned, these Rules are final.
G     Learned Additional Solicitor General says that these Model Rules will
      be circulated to all the State Governments for notification and
      implementation.
            We expect that on receipt of these Model Rules, necessary steps
      will be taken by the State Governments to notify and implement these
      Rules faithfully and sincerely.
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          RE-INHUMAN CONDITIONS IN 1382 PRISONS                                    465


        It is submitted by learned amicus curiae that there are already            A
63 open prisons in different parts of the country, but the existing capacity
is not being fully utilized.
        We expect the State Governments concerned to not only try and
utilize the existing capacity of these open prisons and if necessary increase
the existing capacity of these open prisons in due course of time. The             B
State Governments and Union Territory Administrations should also
seriously consider the feasibility of establishing open prisons in as many
locations as possible.
       List the matter on 2nd August, 2018.
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Devika Gujral                                                 Directions issued.




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