PANKAJ KUMAR SAHAversusTHE SUB-DIVISIONAL OFFICER, ISLAMPUR AND ORS.

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                                                                                             ..... .
A                      PANKAJ KUMAR SAHA
                                v.
          THE SUB-DIVISIONAL OFFICER, ISLAMPUR AND ORS.

                                 FEBRUARY 12, 1996

.B               [K. RAMASWAMY AND G.B~ PATTANAIK, JJ.]

          Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tlibes orde1; 1950/Scheduled Castes
     and Scheduled Tribes Orders (Amendment) Act, 1976:

C           Issue of SC/ST ce1tificate-State of West Bengal-Sumi(excluding
     Saha) a Scheduled Caste-Saha caste expressly excluded from Sumi in the
     notification issued by the President-Conclusive of-Court would only look
     into the notification issued by the President to see whether the name finds a
     place in the notification-Since it is not there, the Ce1tificate issued is uncon-
     stitutional-Constitution of India, A1ticles 341(1), 366(24).
D
           Nityananda Shanna and Anr. v. State of Bihar & Ors., JT (1996) 2 SC
     117, referred to.

           CIVIL APPELLATE JURISDICTION: Special Leave Petition (C)
     No. 4680 of 1996.
E
          From the Judgment and Order dated 25.4.94 of the Calcutta High
     Court in appeal from Original Order T. No. 2878 of 1992.

           S.B. Sanyal and Ranjan Mukherjee for the Petitioners.

F          The following Order of the Court was delivered :

          This Special Leave Petition is filed against the order of the Calcutta
     High Court dated April 25, 1994 made in Original Order T. No. 2878/92.

           Petitioner's brother Amal Kumar Saha was granted a Scheduled
G Caste certificate on January 15, 1982 and the petitioner was granted a
     certificate on January 22, 1982. The certificate granted to the elder brother
     was cancelled on December 20, 1986, said elder brother approached the
     High Court by way of writ application under Article 226 of the Constitution
     which was registered as C.O. No. 7629 of 1988. The said "Writ application
H    w~s disposed of directing petitioner's brother to file a representation. Even
                                          468
                       P.K. SAHA v. SUB-DIVNL. OFFICER                        469

    the representation of the brother was rejected by order dated December A
    18, 1991. The petitioner was served with a notice dated January 6, 1992
    calling upon him to show cause as to why the certificate granted to him
    would not be cancelled. The petitioner appeared before the authority and
    filed his show cause. Finally, by order dated July 9, 1992, the certificate
    was cancelled. The petitioner's elder brother challenged the order of B
    cancellation of his certificate by filing a writ petition, which is still pending.
    But the petitioners' writ petition, challenging the order of cancellation was
    dismissed by the learned single Judge on August 27, 1992 and the Division
    Bench dismissed the appeal in limine on April 25, 1994. Hence the special
    leave petition.
                                                                                     c
          When the matter had come up on the last occasion, we directed the
    learned counsel to produce the Presidential notification published under
    Art. 341(1) of the Constitution which has been made part of the record. It
    discloses that as regards the State of West Bengal, item No. 57 Sunri
    (excluding Saha) has been declared to be Schedule Caste. Admittedly, the D
i   name of the petitioner has been described as Saha. He claimed the status
    as Sunri, a Scheduled Caste.

           Article 366(24) defines "Scheduled Castes" to mean such castes, races
    or tribes or part of or groups within such castes, races or tribes as are
    deemed under Article 341 to be Schedule Castes for the purpose of this           E
    Constitution. Article 341(1) provides that the President may with respect
    to any State or Union Territory and where it is a State,after consultation
    with the Governor thereof, by public notification, specify the castes, races
    or tribes or parts of or groups within castes, races or tribes which shall for
    the purposes of this Constitution be deemed to be Scheduled Castes in            F
    relation to that State or Urban Territory, as the case may be.

          It is seen that in exercise of the said power, the President had issued
    the public notification which is called Scheduled Castes and Scheduled
    Tribes Order, .1950 and has been amended in 1976 after the Scheduled
    Castes and Schedule Tribes Orders (Amendment) Act, 1976 was made. As             G
    indicated earlier, Sunri (excluding Saha) is a Scheduled Caste for the
    purpose of State of West Bengal. The petitioner admittedly bears the name
    of Saha. The authorities found as a fact that for over a century the
    petitioner's family are Saha by caste. The president after consultation with
    the Governor, has excluded Saha, a liquor business community as                  H
                                                                                j
    470                   SUPREME COURT REPORTS                   [1996) 2 S.C.R.

A Scheduled Caste. Though some scheduled Castes by name Sunri adopted
     tapping as profession, they suffer from untouchability while Sahas, liquor
     business community like Sethi Balija, Edigal or Gowda in Andhra Pradesh,
      are not Scheduled Castes. In the notice given to the petitioner details were
     given and the record produced before the authorities were considered by
B     the competent authority which held that Sahas are not the Scheduled
    · Castes and that, therefore, they cannot be considered to be Sunris. In a
      recent judgment in Nityananda Shanna & Anr. v. State of Bihar & Ors., JT
      [1996) 2 SC 117, a Bench of three Judges had examined the scope of
     judicial review and power of the court to go into the question of synonyms
      of the caste.
c
           It is now settled law that though evidence may be admissible to the
    limited extent of finding out whether a caste which claims the status as
    Scheduled Caste or Tribe was in fact included in the Presidential notifica-
    tion as amended under 1976 Act, the court is devoid of power ti:> include
    in or exclude from or substitute or declare synonyms to be a Scheduled
                                                                                     I
D   Caste or Scheduled Tribe. The courts would only look into the notification       e=
    issued by the President to see whether the name finds place in the notifica-
    tion? Saha caste is expressly excluded from Sunri, a Scheduled Caste
    notified in the notification issued by. the President in relation to the State
    of West Bengal which is conclusive. The certificate issued to the petitioner
E   is, therefore, clearly unconstitutional and a fraud on the Constitution. The
    petitioner cannot be considered to be a Scheduled Caste.

           Accordingly the Special Leave Petition is dismissed.

    G.N.                                                      Petition dismissed.