MOHAN MALI & ANR.versusSTATE OF M.P.

                    [2010] 5 S.C.R. 373


                   MOHAN MALI & ANR.                               A
                              v.
                      STATE OF M.P.
             (Criminal M.P. No. 6426 of 2010)
                              in
                                                                   8
            (Criminal Appeal No. 1305 of 2009)
                       APRIL 28, 2010
     [ALTAMAS KABIR AND CYRIAC JOSEPH, JJ.]
                                                                   c
    Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act,
2000:

     ss. 7-A, 15 and 64 rlw r.98 - Juvenile tried along with
adults, convicted and sentenced to imprisonment for life -
Claim regarding juvenility in appeal before Supreme Court          D
- HELD: Section 7-A allows a claim of juvenility to be raised
before any court at any stage even after final disposal of the
case and speaks of the procedure which the court is required
to adopt when such claim of juvenility is raised - Upon due
verification, it was confirmed on behalf of the State that         E
appellant No. 2 was a juvenile on the date of commission of·
the offence - Therefore, he is entitled to the benefit of s. 7-A
read with s. 64 of the Act- Rule 98 of the 2007 Rules squarely
applies to the case of appellant no. 2 - Having regard to the
fact that appellant no. 2 was a minor on the date of               F
commission of offence, and has already undergone more than
the maximum sentence provided u/s 15 of the Act, by applying
the provisions of r. 98 of the 2007 Rules read with ss. 15 and
64 of the Act, the appeal as far as appellant no. 2 is
concerned, is allowed and he is directed to be released            G
forthwith - Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children)
Rules, 2007 - r.98- Penal Code, 1860 - ss. 302134, 324134
and 326134. [para 2, 5, 6, 8 and 9]

                             373                                   H
    374        SUPREME COURT REPORTS              [2010] 5 S.C.R.
                              '


A       Hari Ram vs. State of Rajasthan & Anr. (2009) 13 SCC
    211, relied on.

                         Case Law Reference
          (2009) 13 sec 211       relied on             para 4
B
        CRIMINAL APPELLATE JURISDICT!ON: Criminal Appeal
    No. 6426 of 2010.

                                  IN

C         Criminal Appeal No. 1305 of 2009.

         From the Judgment & Order dated 11.5.2007 of the High
    Court of Madhya Pradesh at Indore in Criminal Appeal No. 898
    of 1997.
D       S.K. Oubey, Rajesh, Dharm Singh and Yogesh Tiwari for
    the Petitioners.

       Pramod Swarup, Vikas Bansal, C.D. Singh, Sunny
    Chaudhary and Sukanya Hazarika for the Respondent.
E
          The Judgment of the Court was delivered by

                              ORDER

         ALTAMAS KABIR, J. 1. This Appeal, which arises out of
F Special Leave Petition (Crl.) No.6276 of 2007, is directed ·
  against the judgment and order of the Indore Bench of the
  Madhya Pradesh High Court in Criminal Appeal No.89B of
  1997, challenging the judgment and order of conviction/passed
  by the Addi. Sessions Judge, Dhar, in Sessions Trial No.366
G of 1994. By virtue of the said judgment, the Appellants, along
  with two other co-accused, were convicted under Sections 302/
  34, 326/34 and 324/34 of Indian Penal Code and sentenced
  to life imprisonment along with fine of Rs.5,000/- for the offence
  under Section 302/34 IPC, three years' rigorous imprisonment
H along with fine of Rs.500/- for the offence ur.der Section 326/
       MOHAN MALI & ANR. v. STATE OF M.P.                  375
             [ALTAMAS KABIR, J.]
34 IPC and one year's rigorous imprisonment along with fine       A
of Rs.500/- for the offence under Section 324/34 IPC along with
further sentence in default of payment of fine. It may be
mentioned that the Special Leave Petition filed by one of the
other co-accused, Bhagwan, being S.L.P.(Crl.) No.540 of
2008, was rejected on 16th April, 2008, when notice was issued    B
on S.L.P.(Crl.) No.6276 of 2007.

      2. On 17th July, 2009, when the Special Leave Petition
came up for admission, leave was granted and the hearing of
the appeal was expedited. However, the Appellants' prayer for C
bail was rejected at that stage. When the matter was being
heard for grant of leave, a plea of juvenility was made on behalf
of Appellant No.2, Dhanna Lal, and this Court observed that in
the event Dhanna Lal was able to provide proof of his claim
that he was a juvenile on the date of the incident, he would be
at liberty to apply afresh for grant of bail with such supporting D
evidence. Pursuant thereto, a fresh bail application was filed
on behalf of Dhanna Lal on 27th January, 2010, annexing a /
copy of the Birth Certificate of Dhanna Lal issued by the Chief
Registrar (Birth and Death), Municipal Corporation, Dhar, under
Section 12 of the Birth and Death Registration Act, 1969, E
maintained by the Corporation. From the said certificate it
appears that Dhanna Lal's date of birth was recorded as 12th
November, 1976 and was registered on 17th November, 1976,
making it a document which was contemporaneous with his
birth. Upon due verification, it was confirmed on behalf of the F
State of Madhya Pradesh that the Appellant No.2, Dhanna Lal,
was a juvenile on the date of commission of the offence.
Appearing for the State, Mr. Pramod Swarup, Senior Advocate,
very fairly submitted that Dhanna Lal was, therefore, entitled to
the benefit of Section 7A read with Section 64 of the Juvenile G
Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2000, hereinafter
referred to as 'the 2000 Act'.1




     3. Mr. S.K. Dubey, learned senior counsel appearing for
the Appellants, submitted that the Appellant No.2, Dhanna Lal,
                                                                  H
    376        SUPREME COURT REPORTS                [2010] 5 S.C.R.

A although a minor, within the meaning of the 2000 Act, had not
  only been tried along with other co-accused, who were not
  juveniles, in violation of Section 18 of the 2000 Act, but had also
  undergone 9 years of imprisonment, despite a maximum
  sentence of three years which could have been imposed on him
B under Section 15 of the 2000 Act.

       4. Among other questions, this question also fell for
  determination of this Court in the case of Hari Ram vs. ,State
  of Rajasthan & Anr. [(2009) 13 SCC 211]. This Court while
  considering the various provisions of the 2000 Act, as
C amended in 2006, and, in particular, Section 7A which was
  introduced in the parent Act by the amending Act of 2006, held
  that Section 7A would have to be read in tandem with Section
  20 of the 2000 Act and Rule 98 of the Juvenile Justice (Care
  and Protection of Children) Rules, 2007, hereinafter referred
D to as 'the 2007 Rules', which deal with disposed of cases of
  juveniles in conflict with law. Since all the three provisions are
  of relevance to this Appeal, the same are being separately
  dealt with hereinbelow.

E        5. Section 7A of the 2000 Act, which provides the
    procedure to be followed when claim of juvenility is raised
    before any Court, reads as follows :-

          "7 A. Procedure to. be followed when claim of
          juvenility is raised before any court.- (1) Whenever a
F         claim of juvenility is raised before any court or a court is
          of the opinion that an accused person was a juvenile on
          the date of commission of the offence, the court shall make
          an inquiry, take such evidence as may be necessary (but
          not an affidavit) so as to determine the age of such person,
G         and shall record a finding whether the person is a juvenile
          or a child or not, stating his age as nearly as may be:

          Provided that a claim of juvenility may be raised before any
          court and it shall be recognised at any stage, even after
H         final disposal of the case, and such claim shall be
       MOHAN MALI & ANR. v. STATE OF M.P.                     377
             [ALTAMAS KABIR, J.]
    determined in terms of the provisions contained in this Act      A
    and the rules made thereunder, even if the juvenile has
    ceased to be so on or before the date of commencement
    of this Act.

    (2) If the court finds a person to be a juvenile on the date
    of commission of the offence under Sub-section (1 ), it shall    B
    forward the juvenile to the Board for passing appropriate
    order, and the sentence if any, passed by a court shall be
    deemed to have no effect."

     What is of relevance' is the fact that Section 7A of the 2000   C
Act allows a claim of juvenility to be raised before any Court at
any stage even after final disposal of the case and speaks of
the procedure which the Court is required to adopt when such
claim of juvenility is raised.
                                                                     D
     6. Section 20 of the 2000 Act specially provides for the
procedure to be followed in pending cases and reads as
follows:-

    "20. Special provi~efn in respect of pending cases. -
    Notwithstanding/ anything contained in this Act, all E
    proceedings in respect of a juvenile pending in any court
    in any area on the date on which this Act comes into·force
    in that area, shall be continued in that court as if this Act
    had not been passed and if the court finds that the juvenile
    has committed an offence, it shall record such finding and F
                                                                         c-
    instead of passing any sentence in respect of the juvenile,
    forward the juvenile to the Board which shall pass orders
    in respect of thaf]uvenile in accordance with the provisions
    of this Act as if it had been satisfied on inquiry under this
    Act that a/juvenile has committed the offence.                G

    [Provided that the Board may, for any adequate and
    special reason to be mentioned in the order, review the
    case and pass appropriate order in the interest of such
    juvenile.
                                                                     H
    378         SUPREME COURT REPORTS                 (2010] 5 S.C.R.


A          Explanation.- In all pending cases including trial, revision,
          appeal or any other criminal proceedings in respect of a
          juvenile in conflict with law, in any court, the determination
          of juvenility of such a juvenile shall be in terms of Clause
          (1) of Section 2, even if the juvenile ceases to be so on or
B         before the date of commenc~ment of this Act and the
          provisions of this Act shall apply as if the said provisions
          had been in force, for all purposes and at all material times
          when the alleged offence was committed.]"

       What is to be noticed in the aforesaid Section is that it
C makes provision for continuance of trials which had been
  commenced prior to the coming into operation of the 2000 Act.
  While providing that the trial could continue before the Court, if
  it was found that the juvenile· had committed an offence, the
  co·urt would be required to record such finding and instead of
D passing any sentence in respect of the juvenile, forward the
  juvenile to the Juvenile Justice Board, which could then pass
  orders in respect of that juvenile in accordance with the
  provisions of the 2000 Act.

E        7. Section 64 of the 2000 Act deals with a situation where
    a juvenile in conflict with law is already undergoing sentence
    at the commencement of the Act, and the same reads as
    follows:-

          "64. Juvenile in conflict with law undergoing sentence at
F         commencement of this Act.-ln any area in which this Act
          is brought into force, the State Government shall direct that
          a juvenile in conflict with law who is undergoing any
          sentence of imprisonment at the commencement of this
          Act, shall, in lieu of undergoing such sentence, be sent to
G         a special home or be kept in fit institution in such manner
          as the State Government thinks fit for the remainder of the
          period of the sentence; and the provisions of this Act shall
          apply to the juvenile as if he had been ordered by the
          Board to be sent to such speciai home or institution or, as
H         the case may be, ordered to be kept under protective care
       MOHAN MALI & ANR. v. STATE OF M.P.                      379
             [ALTAMAS KABIR, J.]

     under sub-section (2) of section 16 of this Act."                 A

     The said provision has to be read along with Sections 7A
and 20 of the 2000 Act, together with Rule 98 of the 2007 Rules,
which deals with disposed of cases of juveniles in conflict with
law, and provides as follows:                                          B

     "98. Disposed of cases of juveniles in conflict with law. -
     The State Government or as the case may be the Board
     may, either suo motu or on an application made for the
     purpose, review the case of a person· or a juvenile in
     conflict with law, determine his juvenility in terms of the C
     provisions contained in the Act and Rule 12 of these rules
     and pass an appropriate order in the interest of the juvenile
     in conflict with law under Section 64 of the Act, for the
     immediate release of the juvenile in conflict with law whose
     period of detention or imprisonment has exceeded the D
     maximum period provid~d in Section 15 of the said Act."

      8. In the facts of this case, we are faced with a situation
where the juvenile, Dhanna Lal, had already been tried along
with adults and had been convicted under Sections 302/34,              E
326/34 and 324/34 IPC and was sentenced to life
imprisonment, out of which he has already undergone about 9
years of the sentence. Rule 98 of the 2007 Rules, in our view,
squarely applies to Appellant No.2 Dhanna Lal's case. His case
is to be considered not only for grant of bail, but also for release   F
in terms of the said Rule, since he has completed more than
the maximum period of sentence as provided under Section
15 of the 2000 Act.

     9. The legal position has been clearly explained in Hari
Ram!:S> case (supra) and does not, therefore, require any further G
elucidation in this case.

     10. Having regard to the fact that the Appellant No.2,
Dhanna Lal, was a minor on the date of commission· of the
offence, and has already undergone more than the maximum               H
    380       SUPREME COURT REPORTS               [2010] 5 S.C.R.

A  sentence provided under Section 15 of the 2000 Act, by
   applying the provisions of Rule 98 of the 2007 Rules read with
   Sections 15 and 64 of the 2000 Act, we allow the appeal as
 · far as he is concerned and direct that he be released forthwith.
   The bail application filed on his behalf is also disposed of,
B accordingly.

         11. Let the appeal, as far as the other accused, Mohan
    Mali, is concerned, be listed for hearing separately.

    R.P.                       Appeal as far as Appellant no.1 to
                               be listed separately and in regard
                               to Appeals No.2 allowed.