MAHESHversusSTATE OF MADHYA PRADESH

A                               MARESH
                                  v.
                       STATE OF MADHYA PRADESH

                                AUGUST 28, 1996

B                    (A.S. ANAND AND K.T. THOMAS, JJ.]

          Penal Code, 1860 :

           Sections 302, 304 (Part-I~a!lsing death of a person by inflicting
C   pharsa blow 011 the victim-Plea of self defence rejected by trial co!lrt--How-
    ever it acqllitted the acC!lsed of the offence under S.302 and held him guilty
    of an offence under S.304 (Pa1t-l}-On appeal High Cowt convicting the
    accused under S.302-0n farther appeal held : Assault was made on the
    deceased during a sudden qumrel without any premeditation-Inflicted only
    one blow-Hence Exception-4 to S.300 is clearly attracted and the offence fell
D   under S.304 (Part-l~onviction by High Cowt set aside and that of tlial
    cowt restored-However, sentence enhanced to 6 years R.l. and fine of Rs.
    1000 instead of 2 years R.J. and fine Rs. 500 imposed by the tlial co!lrt.

         CRIMINAL APPELLATE JURISDICTION: Criminal Appeal No.
    303of1993.
E
         From the Judgment and Order dated 7.9.92 of the Madhya Pradesh
    High Court in Crl.A. No. '730 of 1985.

          H.L. Agrawal and Ashok Kumar Gupta for the Appellant.

F        U.N. Bachawat, Prashant Kumar and Uma Nath Singh for the
    Respondents.

          The following Order of the Court was delivered :

          The appellant was tried for an offence under Section 302 IPC for the
G murder of Krishna Kumar on 24.7.1983. According to the prosecution case,
    the deceased along with PW-2 Purshottam and PW- 6 Badda, were working
    as agriculture labourers on the field of Purshottam Sharma PW-1. On
    24.7.1983 at about 1.00 p.m. while the deceased and other labourers were
    ploughing the field belonging to PW-1, the appellant came there for grazing
H   his cattle. As the cattle entered the field of Purshottam Sharma, PW-1,
                                        300
                           MAHESHv.STATE                                 301

where the crop of Soyabean was standing, the deceased and PW-2 told him         A
to take his cattle away and not let his cattle damage the crop. The
appellant, however, did not pay any heed to their request and insisted that
he would graze the cattle in that field only. An altercation ensued between
the deceased and the accused. Thereafter, the appellant dealt a pharsa
blow on the head of Krishna Kumar. On receipt of the blow, Krishna              B
Kumar fell down on the ground and died instantaneously, PW-2 and PW-6
rushed to inform Shri Sharma, PW-1, who arrived at the spot. The First
Information Report was lodged by PW-1 Purshottam Sharma at police
station Narsinghpur at about 3.00 p.m. on the same day. The Investigating
Officer, Shri Prakash Chand Sonkar, PW-9, after registration of the FIR,
came to the place of o~currence and after preparing the inquest report,         c
sent the dead body of Krishna Kumar for post mortem examination to the
District Hospital, Narsinghpur, where the autopsy was performed by Dr.
M.R. Khan, PW-10. The Doctor found an incised wound on the right
parietal region with fracture of the same and damage to the brain. In the
opinion of the Doctor, the death of Krishna Kumar was caused as a result        D
of that injury and the injury was found to be sufficient in the ordinary
course of nature to cause death. The appellant was arrested on 26.7.1983
and while in custody, he made a disclosure statement under Section 27 of
the Evidence Act, leading to recovery of a pharsa from the roof of the
upper storey of his house. The pharsa was found to be blood stained and         E
according to the chemical examiner and the serologist, the blood found
thereon was of human origin. The appellant was sent up for trial. After
recording the evidence on behalf of the prosecution and examining the
appellant under Section 313 Cr.P.C., the trial court vide judgment dated
3.8.1984 came to the conclusion that the evidence given by PW-2 Purshot-
                                                                                F
tam Mehra and PW-6 Badda, the two eye- witnesses of the occurrence, was
cogent, trustworthy and reliable. The trial court also found that the medical
evidence provided by Dr. Khan, PW-10 lent corroboration to their occular
testimony. The trial court on appreciation of the evidence found that the
appellant had caused the injury with the pharsa on the head of the
deceased when he prevented the appellant from grazing hi.~ cattle in the        G
field of Purshottam, PW-1. The trial court, however, after rejecting the plea
of self defence found that the case of the appellant was covered by
Exception-4 to Section 300 IPC and after giving reasons in support of that
conclusion, held the appellant guilty of an offence under Section 304
(Part-I) IPC and acquitted him of the offence under Section 302 IPC. The        H
                                                                                     .
    302                   SUPREME COURT REPORTS [1996) SUPP. 5 S.C.R.                (
A appellant was sentenced to two years RI and to pay a fine of Rs. 500 and
    in default of payment of fine, to undergo further RI for four months for
    the offence under Section 304 (Part-I) IPC. The State preferred an appeal
    against the acquittal of the appellant for the offence under Section 302 IPC.
    The High Court vide judgment dated 7.9.1992 found that the offence
B   committed by the appellant was punishable under Section 302 IPC and that
    the recording of his conviction for an offence under Section 304 (Part-I)
    IPC, was wrong and not justified. Consequently, the State appeal was
    allowed and the appellant was convicted for an offence under Section 302
    IPC and sentenced to undergo imprisonment for life. On special leave
    being granted, the appellant is before us.
c
          We have heard learned counsel for the parties and perused the
    record.

          In our opinion the appreciation of evidence by the trial court as well
D   as the High Court, is sound, correct and proper. The evidence given by
    PW-2 and PW-6 regarding the occurrence and the manner of assault is
    cogent, consistent and has impressed us as trustworthy. Their evidence has
    remained unshaken in the cross-examination and nothing has been pointed
    out which may in any manner discredit their testimony. The evidence of
    these eye-witnesses coupled with the recovery of pharsa and the medical
E   evidence give_n by Dr. Khan, PW-10, un-mistakably connects the appellant
    with the crime, i.e., the assault on the deceased which resulted in his death.
    The question, however remains about the nature of the offence.

        From a perusal of the evidence, we find that when the appellant
F arrived along with the cattle at the filed there was no premeditation for the
  assault. At the spot, there was an altercation between the parties and in
  the sudden fight, after the deceased objected to the grazing ·Of the cattle,
  when possibly hot words or even abuses were exchanged between the
  parties, the appellant gave a single blow with the pharsa on the head of the
  deceased. The statement of the appellant and the suggestions given on his
G behalf to the prosecution witnesses that there was an attempt to assault the
  deceased with a Parena, which was with the deceased, does not appear to
  be improbable. Thus, placed as the appellant and the deceased were at the
  time of the occurrence, it appears to us that the appellant assaulted the
  deceased in that sudden fight and after giving him one blow took to his
H heals. He did not cause any other injury to the deceased and therefore it
                           MAHESHv. STAIB                               303

cannot be said that he acted in any cruel or unusual manner. Admittedly, A
he did not assault PW-2 or PW-6 who were also present also with the
deceased and who had also requested the appellant not to allow his cattle
to graze in the field of PW-1. This fortifies our belief that the assault on
the deceased was made during a sudden quarrel without any premedita-
tion. In this fact situation, we are of the opinion that Exception-4 to Section B
300 IPC is clearly attracted to the case of the appellant and the offence of
which the appellant can be said to be guilty would squarely fall under
Section 304 (Part-I) IPC. The trial court, under the circumstances, was
justified in convicting him for the said offence and the High Court, in our
opinion, fell in error in interfering with it and that too without dispelling
any of the reasons given by the trial court. The judgment of the High Court C
convicting the appellant for an offence under Section 302 IPC cannot be
sustained and we accordingly set it aside and instead convict the appellant
for the offence under Section 304 (Part-I) IPC.

      We, however, find that the sentence of two years RI, and fine of Rs.
500 for the offence under Section 304 (Part-I) IPC, as recorded by the trial D
court, was grossly inadequate and un-reasonable. Considering the facts and
circumstances of the case, in our opinion proper sentence in the case would
be for the appellant to suffer RI for a period of six years, besides payment
of Rs. 1,000 as fine for the offence under Section .304 (Part-I) IPC. In
default of payment of fine, the appellant shall farther undergo RI for four E
months.

     The appeal, therefore, succeeds to the extent indicated above and is
disposed of.

G.N                                                 · Appeal disposed of.      p