HARYANA URBAN DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITYversusSAURABH AGGARWAL

          HARY ANA URBAN DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY                                   A
                                      v.
                         SAURABH AGGARWAL

                          SEPTEMBER 24, 2004

                 [S.N. VARIAVA AND A.K. MATHUR, JJ.]
                                                                                 B

      Housing:

       Interest-Rate of-Allotment ofplot-Delay in handing over possession-
 Despite deposit of substantial amounts-District Forum awarded 18%               c
 interest p.a. on the deposited amount-Correctness of-Held: Interest cannot
 be granted @ 18% p.a. in all cases irrespective of facts-Development
 Authority to pay interest@ 15% p.a. from date of each deposit till date of
 payment-Authority will not charge interest on delayed payment prior to the
 date of offer of possession-If by that date the original allotment price had
 been paid the Authority will not be entitled to and will not charge any
                                                                                 D
 interest-If anything extra is recovered the Authority will repay that back to
 the allottee with interest thereon at 15% from the date of such wrongful
·recovery till payment-If the Authority has a claim and feels that it has to
 recover such amounts from the allottee, it is at liberty to approach the
 Supreme Court for clarification/modification of the order and if on that        E
 application it is permitted it may recover accordingly-But in the absence
 of any such permission it shall not recover anything extra/over and above
 the original allotment price-Further, if TDS amount is deducted the
 Authority will now pay that over to the al/ottee with interest thereon at the
 rate of 15% from the date it was so deposited till payment-This order shall
                                                                                 F
 not be taken as a precedent in any other matter as ·the order is being passed
 taking into account features of the case.

     The respondent was allotted a plot by the appellant-Authority. The
respondent had paid substantial amounts but the possession of the plot
was not delivered. The respondent, therefore, filed a complaint before           G
the District Consumers Disputes Redressal Forum which awarded interest
@ 18% p.a. on the deposited amount. The State Consumers Disputes
Redressal Forum confirmed the order of the District Forum but reduced
the interest from 18% to 15%. The National Consumers Disputes
Redressal Commission dismissed the Revision filed by the appellant on            H
                                     705
    706                  SUPREME COURT REPORTS [2004) SUPP. 4 S.C.R.

A   the ground that interest @ 18% had been allowed by it under similar
    circumstances. Hence the appeal.

          Disposing of the appeal, the Court

          HELD: I. The order of the National Consumers Disputes Redressal
B   Commission cannot be sustained. It cannot dispose of the matters by
    confirming the award of interest in all matters irrespective of the facts
    of a case. It must, on facts of a case, award compensation/damage under
    appropriate heads if it comes to the conclusion that such an award is
    justified/necessary. Accordingly, the order of the National Commission
c   is set aside. [708-B-C]

          Ghaziabad Development Authority v. Balbir Singh, (2004) 5 SCC 65,
    relied on.

           2.1. The appellant must pay interest@ 15% from the date of each
D   deposit till the date of payment. The appellant will not charge interest on
    delayed payment prior to the date of other of possession. Thus, interest
    could only be charged from the date of offer of possession. If by that date
    the original allotment price had been paid the appellant will not be entitled
    to and will not charge any interest. If anything extra is recovered the
    appellant will repay that back to the respondent with interest thereon@
E   15% from the date of such wrongful recovery till payment. If the appellant
    has a claim and feels that it has to recover such amounts from the respondent,
    it is at liberty to approach this Court for clarification/modification of the
    order and if on that application it is permitted to so recover it may. But in
    the absence of any such permission, it shall not recover anything extra/
F   over and above the original allotment price. [709-E-G)

         2.2. Further, if TDS amount is deducted the appellant will now pay
    that over to the respondent with interest thereon at the rate of 15%
    from the date it was so deposited till payment. [709-H; 710-A]

         3. This order shall not be taken as a precedent in any other matter
G   as the order is being passed taking into account special features of the
    case. The Forum/Commission will follow the principles laid down by
    this Court in Ghaziabad Development Authority's case. (710-B-C]

          Ghaziabad Development Authority v. Balbir Singh, [2004) 5 SCC 65,
H   relied on.
   HARYANA URBAN DEV. AUTHORITY v. S. AGGARWAL [VARIAVA, J.) 707

     CIVIL APPELLATE JURISDICTION: Civil Appeal No. 5877 of2002.                  A
     From the Judgment and Order dated 18.12.2001 of the National
Consumers Disputes Reddressal Commission, New Delhi in R.P. No. 229 of
2000.

     Jai Prakash Dhanda and Mrs. Raj Rani Dhanda for the Appellant.               B

     The Judgment of the Court was delivered by

      S. N. V ARIAVA, J. : Before this Court a large number of Appeals have
been filed by the Haryana Urban Development Authority and/or the Ghaziabad C
Development Authority challenging Orders of the National Consumer Disputes
Redressal Commission, granting to Complainants, interest at the rate of 18%
per annum irrespective of the fact of each case. This Court has, in the case
of Ghaziabad Development Authority v. Balbir Singh reported in [2004] 5
SCC 65, deprecated this practice. This Court has held that interest at the rate
of 18% cannot be granted in all cases irrespective of the facts of the case. D
This Court has held that the Consumer Forums could grant damages/
compensation for mental agony/harassment where it finds misfeasance in
public office. This Court has held that such compensation is a recompense
for the loss or injury and it riecessarily has to be based on a finding of loss
or injury and must co-relate with the amount of loss or injury. This Court . E
has held that the Forum or the Commission thus had to determine that there
was deficiency in service and/or misfeasance in public office and that i~ has
resulted in loss or injury. This Court has also laid down certain other
guidelines which the Forum or the Commission has to follow in future cases.

     This Court is now taking up the cases before it for disposal as per          F
principles set out in earlier judgment. On taking the cases we find that the
copies of the Claim/Petitions made by the Respondent/Complainant and the
evidence, if any, led before the District Forum are not in the paper book. This
Court has before it the Order of the District Forum. The facts are thus taken
from that Order.
                                                                                  G
      In this case, the Respondent was allotted a plot bearing No. 4/13(P)
Sector, Hisar on 4th April 1986. The Respondent paid substantial amounts
but the possession was not delivered. Thus the Respondent filed a complaint.
On these facts, the District Forum awarded interest @ 18% p.a. on the
deposited amount.                                                                 H
    708                   SUPREME COURT REPORTS [2004] SUPP. 4 S.C.R.

A         The State Forum confirmed the Order of the District Forum but reduced
    interest from 18% to 15%. The Appellants went in Revision before the
    National Commission. The National Commission dismissed the Reyision
    filed by the Appellants relying upon its own decision in the case of Haryana
    Urban Development Authority v. Darsh Kumar and observing that interest
    @ 18% p.a. has been allowed by them under similar circumstances. As has
B   been stated in so many matters, the Order of the National Commission cannot
    be sustained. It cannot dispose of the matters by confirming award of interest
    in all matters irrespective of the facts of that ca~e. It must, on facts of a case,
    award compensation/damage under appropriate heads if it comes to the
    conclusion that such award is justified/necessary. Accordingly the Order of
c   the National Commission is set aside.

         We are informed that the Appellants have offered possession on 22nd
    July 1997. Counsel had no instructions whether Respondent had taken
    possession or not. Undoubtedly the Respondent will be entitled to take
    possession, if he has not already taken possession. Appellants will deliver
D
    possession without demanding any further or other amounts.

         We are informed that the Respondent has paid a' sum ofRs.1,68,338.25.
    We however find from the copy of the allotment letter, filed in this Court
    along with the affidavit of the Estate Officer dated 29th July 2004, that a sum
E   of Rs.1,68, 186.50 was payable. In the affidavit the following statement is
    made:                            .·.
                  "The interest on the amounts deposited by the respondent has
             been adjusted on 25.5.1998 for an amount ofRs.2,49;829.65 at the
             interest rate of 15% p.a."
F
         Counsel had no instructions and could not explain what were the
    amounts due from the Respondent which are supposed to have been adjusted.
    As stated above Respondent has paid more than what he was bound to pay.
    Also neither before the District Forum or the State forum or the National
G   Commission and even in the Appeal Memo before this Court is there a claim
    that Appellants have to recover amounts from the Respondent. When the
    dispute has been subjudice the Appellants are bound to put before the Court/
    Forum not just their defence but also their claim/counterclaim, if any.
    Without permission of Court the Appellants cannot set at naught awards of
H   the Forum by raising, ·outside Court, demands against the Respondents. It
    HA RY ANA URBAN DEV. AUTHORITY v. S. AGGARWAL [VARIAVA, J.] 709

must be remembered that the Appellants were to deliver possession within           A
a reasonable time. They do not offer possession till 22nd July 1997. As can
be seen from the Order of the District Forum possession was not being
offered because development work had not taken place. As they were not in
a position to deliver possession they cannot expect parties like the Respondent
i.e. allotees to keep on paying installments to them. In such cases i.e. where     B
Appellants are not in position to deliver possession they cannot charge
interest on delayed payments till after they offer possession. Clause 6 of the
letter of allotment also so provides. It reads as follows:

         "6. The balance amount i.e. Rs.1,26,139/50 of the above tentative
         price of the plot/building can be paid in lump sum without interest       c
         within 60 days from the date of issue of the allotment letter or in
         six equal instalments. The first instalment will fall due after the
         expiry of one year of the date of issue of this letter. Each instalment
         would be recoverable together with interest on the balance price at
         10% interest on the remaining amount. The interest shall, however         D
         accrue from the date of offer of possession."

Thus, interest could only have been charged from date of offer of possession.

       As we are unable to understand and Counsel has no instructions to be
 able to explain why extra payment has been collected and/or what adjustments      E
 are purported to have been made, we direct that Appellants shall now
 recalculate in the manner set out hereunder. In this case, Appellants mu~t pay
 interest at l 5% from date of each deposit till date of payment. They will not
charge interest on delayed payments prior to 22nd July 1997. Ifby that date
the original price of Rs.1,68, 186.50 had been paid they will not be entitled
 to and will not charge any interest. If anything extra is recovered they will
'repay that back to the Respondent with interest thereon at 15% from the date
 of such wrongful recovery till payment. We, however, clarify that if
 Appellants have a claim and fee 1that they have to recover such amounts from
Respondent, they are at liberty to approach this Court for clarification/
modification of the Order and if on that application they are pennitted to so      c
recover they may. But in the absence of any such permission, they shall not
recover anything extra/over and above the allotment price ofRs.1,68, 186.50.

    Further, if TDS amount is deducted they will now pay that over to the
Respondent with interest thereon at the rate of 15% from date it was, so           .f
    710                  SUPREME COURT REPORTS [2004) SUPP. 4 S.C.R.

A   deposited till payment. Such recalculation to be made within I 5 days from
    today and the amounts found due and payable to the Respondent to be paid
    to him within 15 days thereafter. A compliance report to be filed in this Court
    within one month from date. A copy of the recalculation to be annexed to
    the compliance report.
B
          We clarify that this Order shall not be taken as a precedent in any other
    matter as the order is being passed taking into account special features of the
    case. The Forum/Commission will follow the principles laid down by this
    Court in the case of Ghaziabad Development Authority v. Balbir Singh
    (supra) in future cases.
c
          With these observations, the Appeal stands disposed of with nO'order
    as to costs.

    v.s.s.                                                   Appeals disposed of.