G H DSGversusAKG

144                      [2019]REPORTS
               SUPREME COURT    15 S.C.R. 144             [2019] 15 S.C.R.


A                                     DSG
                                        v.
                                      AKG
                (Special Leave Petition (Civil) No. 25098 of 2019)
B                            DECEMBER 16, 2019
               [UDAY UMESH LALIT, INDU MALHOTRA
                    AND KRISHNA MURARI, JJ.]
             Child Welfare: Custody of minor daughter – Respondent-
      father filed a Guardianship Petition before the Family Court seeking
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      custody of minor daughter on the ground that the petitioner mother
      was suffering from Paranoid Schizophrenia and required treatment
      and that on account of mental illness, she had been treating the
      child with cruelty – Petitioner-mother contested the Petition alleging
      that the minor daughter was being sexually abused by the father
D     and that it was unsafe for the child to be in his custody – Three
      counsellors were appointed on various dates as directed by Family
      Court – The consistent view of all the three Counsellors was that
      the mother showed symptoms of “Paranoid Schezophrenia “ which
      required immediate assessment and proper treatment keeping in view
      the welfare of the child – Family Court after referring to the reports
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      of three Counsellors held that the child expressed her unequivocal
      desire to live only with the father and denied the allegations of
      sexual abuse by father and, therefore, there would not be any
      change in interim custody of minor with the father – Petitioner
      challenged the order of Family Court before the High Court –
F     During pendency of appeal before High Court, the petitioner filed
      application before Family Court seeking custody of minor daughter
      during vacations for 15 days, which was allowed – However, on
      the day of return of custody, the petitioner sent text to respondent
      that she was in Goa with daughter and would return after 5 days –
      Respondent filed contempt petitions against petitioner since she had
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      not returned the custody of the child as per the order of Family
      Court – Directions were issued to the SHO to locate whereabouts of
      the child whereafter she was found at the residence of petitioner
      and when produced before the Family Court her custody was handed
      over to the respondent – The visiting rights of the petitioner were
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                                       144
                              DSG v. AKG                                     145


restricted and she was allowed to meet the daughter in the Children          A
Room of court premises only – High Court dismissed the appeal of
petitioner and upheld interim custody of daughter with respondent
– Hence instant Special Leave Petition by mother – This Court
individually interviewed both the parents and interacted with the
child and found that she was certainly capable of forming an
                                                                             B
intelligent preference regarding her custody – The minor daughter
being over 12 years of age and studying in class VII was
unequivocal about her definite desire to reside with her father –
She stated that she received love and affection from her father, who
was taking care of her food, education and assist her in her school
projects and activities – Thus, the order of Family Court granting           C
custody of the minor daughter to father and visitation rights to the
mother is affirmed – Special Leave Petition disposed of – Parens
Patriae jurisdiction.
      Nil Ratan Kundu & Anr. v. Abhijit Kundu (2008) 9 SCC
      413 : 2008(11) SCALE 437 – relied on                                   D
                        Case Law Reference
(2008) 9 SCC 413                  relied on                Para 24
      EXTRAORDINARY APPELLATE JURISDICTION: Special
Leave Petition (Civil) No. 25098 of 2019.                                    E
      From the Judgment and Order dated 26.03.2019 of the High
Court of Delhi at New Delhi in MAT (FC) No. 312 of 2018.
      Mr. Nirnimesh Dube, Adv. for the Respondent.
      Petitioner-in-Person.
                                                                             F
      The Order of the Court was passed by
      INDU MALHOTRA, J.
       1. The present Special Leave Petition has been filed by the
Petitioner – mother to challenge the Order dated 26.03.2019 passed by
the Delhi High Court in Matrimonial Appeal (FC) 312/2018 with respect        G
to the custody arrangement of the minor daughter.
      2. The minor daughter was born on 21.08.2007, and is now over
12 years old. The child is currently residing with the Respondent –father,
and is studying in Class VII in Holy Child Senior Secondary School,
New Delhi.                                                                   H
146            SUPREME COURT REPORTS                         [2019] 15 S.C.R.


A           3. On account of the marital discord between the parties,the
      Respondent – father filed a Guardianship Petition bearing No. G.P. 2266/
      2018 before the Family Court, Tis Hazari, New Delhi seeking custody of
      the minor daughter on the ground that the Petitioner –wife was suffering
      from Paranoid Schizophrenia and required treatment. On account of the
      mental illness, the Petitioner – wife treated the child with cruelty, and
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      would prevent the fatherfrom meeting the child.
            4. The Petitioner – mother resisted the Guardianship Petition,and
      made serious allegationsagainst the father that the minor daughter was
      being molested by the father, who was guilty of sexual abuse,which
      made it unsafe for the child to be in his custody.
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             5. In the Guardianship Petition, the Family Court appointed Mr.
      Sunil Sachdeva, Counsellor to interact with the child, and submit a Report
      on her condition. The Counsellorsubmitted his Report dated 18.07.2018,
      wherein he has recorded that the child complained of ill-treatment by
      the mother. The child categorically stated that her fatherbestowed a lot
D     of affection on her, and that he had not committed any wrongful act
      upon her. She stated that she would like to stay with her father, and
      wanted to be removed from the custody of her mother at the earliest.
            6. The child was kept for one night on 18.07.2018 at Nirmal
      Chhayakeeping her best interest in mind. She was produced before the
E     Family Court on 19.07.2018.
            7. On 19.07.2018, the child was referred bythe Family Court to
      anotherCounsellorviz.Ms. Himali Anand. This Counsellorvideher Report
      dated 19.07.2018 recorded that the child made complaints about her
      mother and stated that she was not taking proper care of her, and would
F     not provide her with proper food, etc. The child stated that her father
      was taking good care of her, and that she wanted to live with her father
      only.
             8. On 21.07.2018, the Family Court gave custody of the child to
      the mother till 24.07.2018, after which the custody wouldbe handed over
G     to the father.
             9. On 27.07.2018, the mother requested for the appointment of an
      independent Child Counselor to assess the mental and psychological state
      of the child, and suggested the name of Dr. UzmaPerveento be appointed
      as a Counsellor.
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               DSG v. AKG [INDU MALHOTRA, J. ]                                147


      10. The Family Court vide Order dated 28.07.2018 directed               A
Dr. UzmaPerveento conduct counselling sessions with the child, and
submit her Reportto the Court.
       The Family Court further directed that the child would remain in
the custody of the mother from Saturday (after school hours) till Monday
7 p.m., and with the father from Monday 7 p.m. till Saturday morning.         B
       11. Pursuant to the Order dated 28.07.2018, Dr. Uzma Perveen
held four counselling sessions with the child on 31.07.2018, 07.08.2018,
14.08.2018 and 05.09.2018, and submitted herReport dated 14.09.2018
before the Family Court. The Counsellor after observing the behavior
and conduct of themother, opined that the mother showed symptoms of           C
“ParanoidSchizophrenia”,which required immediate assessment and
proper treatment, keeping in mind the welfare of the child. If the mother’s
condition remained untreated, it would make the child vulnerable, and
would have a lasting psychological impact on the child.
     12. The Petitioner – mother filed a Review Petition before the           D
Family Court, Tis Hazari seeking Review of Order dated 28.07.2018.
        The Family Court vide Order dated 16.11.2018 dismissed the
Review Petition. The Court referred to the reports of the three
Counsellors, and held that the child has expressed her unequivocal desire
to live only with the father. She denied the allegations of sexual abuse by   E
the father. The Court held that the child seemed to be very happy in the
presence of the father, and that there shall be no change in the interim
custody of the minor.
      13. The Petitioner – mother challenged the Order dated 16.11.2018
passed by the Family Court before the High Court in MAT. APP (F.C.)           F
312/2018.
       14. During the pendency of the Appeal before the High Court, the
Petitioner – mother filed an Application u/S. 151 CPC before the Family
Court seeking custody of the minor daughter during the vacations for 15
days.
                                                                              G
       15. The Family Court vide Order dated 27.02.2019 granted custody
of the daughter to the Petitioner – mother from 28.02.2019 to 10.03.2019
for vacations. The Petitioner – mother was directed to make a video call
to the father every evening during this period. The custody of the child
was to be handed over to the Respondent – father on 11.03.2019.
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148              SUPREME COURT REPORTS                         [2019] 15 S.C.R.


A           16. On 10.03.2019, the Petitioner – wife sent a text message to
      the Respondent – husbandthat she was in Goa with the minor daughter,
      and would return only on 15.03.2019.
             17. On 14.03.2019, the Respondent – father filed an Application
      u/S. 12 and 14 of the Contempt of Courts Act r.w. S.151 CPC for
B     contempt of the Orders dated 16.11.2018 and 27.02.2019 against the
      Petitioner – mother before the Family Court, since the mother had refused
      to return the custody of the child.
            The Family Court took cognizance of non-compliance of Orders
      by the Petitioner – mother, and vide Order dated 18.04.2019 directed
C     the SHO, PS Rajouri Garden to locate the whereabouts of the minor
      daughter, and produce her before the Court.
             18. The minor daughter was found at the residence of the
      Petitioner – mother, and was produced before the Family Court on
      23.04.2019, when custody was handed over to the Respondent – father.
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             19. The Family Court vide Order dated 23.04.2019 suspended
      the visitation rights granted to the Petitioner – mother tillthe next date of
      hearing.
             20. By a subsequent Order dated 03.05.2019, the Family Courtheld
      that further visitation to the Petitioner – mother can be allowed only in
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      the Childrens’ Room, TizHazariComplex, Delhi, where the mother could
      meet the child on every working 1st, 3rd and 4th Saturday from 3 p.m. to
      5 p.m., and on 2nd Friday from 3:30 p.m. to 5 p.m. The father agreed that
      as per the convenience of the child, he would allow the mother to see
      the child at the school gate in the morning before school hours.
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               This arrangement of visitation by the mother is continuing ever
      since.
            21. The High Court vide the impugned Order dated 26.03.2019
      dismissed the Appeal filed by the Petitioner – mother, and confirmed the
G     Orders dated 28.07.2018 and 16.11.2018 passed by the Family Court.
             The High Court held that the three Counsellors Reports indicated
      that the child was comfortable in the company of the father, and wanted
      to live with him. The Court observed that the video clippings submitted
      by the Petitioner – mother do not prima facie support her allegation of
H     sexual abuse by the father.
                  DSG v. AKG [INDU MALHOTRA, J. ]                                149


      The Order dated 26.03.2019 passed by the High Court is impugned            A
by the Petitioner – mother in the present Special Leave Petition.
       22. This Court took up the present SLP for hearing on 25.10.2019
when Notice was issued. The Petitioner – mother submitted a DVD
containing some video clippings of the child. She placed on record some
additionaldocuments in support of her contention that the child was being        B
allegedly molested by the Respondent – father.
       23. On 05.12.2019, the Respondent – husband appeared before
this Court in person along with his Counsel.
       We directed the Respondent - father to produce the child before
                                                                                 C
this Court on 10.12.2019.
      24. On 10.12.2019, both the parties and the minor daughterappeared
before us. We individually interviewed both the parents and the child.
        Having interacted with the child, we are of the view that the minor
girl is certainly capable of forming an intelligent preference regarding         D
her custody.
       We found the girl who is over 12 years of age, and is studying in
Class VIIto be articulate, and unequivocal about her definite desire to
reside with her father. She stated that she received love and affection
from her father, who was taking care of her food, education,and would            E
assist her in her school projects and activities.
       Reliance is placed on the judgment of this Court in Nil Ratan
Kundu &Anr. v. Abhijit Kundu1 that while exercising parens patriae
jurisdiction, the Court is required to give due weight to the ordinary comfort
of the child, contentment, intellectual, moral and physical development,         F
health, education and general maintenance, and the favorable
surroundings. The Court is not bound either by statutes, nor by strict
rules of evidence, nor procedure or precedent. In deciding the issue of
custody, the paramount consideration should be the welfare and well-
being of the child.                                                              G
       We hereby affirm the Order dated 03.05.2019 passed by the Family
Court granting custody of the minor daughter to the father, and visitation
rights to the Petitioner – mother as specified in the Order.

1
    (2008) 9 SCC 413 : 2008 (11) SCALE 437.                                      H
150              SUPREME COURT REPORTS                        [2019] 15 S.C.R.


A            The present Order is passed at an intermediate stage of the
      proceedings, hence the findings recorded hereinabove are prima facie
      in nature.
             The Special Leave Petition is disposed of accordingly.
             Ordered accordingly.
B
             Pending applications, if any, shall stand disposed of.


      Devika Gujral                                               SLP disposed of.


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