DINKAR MARUTI JADHAVversusNIVRUTII GANGARAM PAWAR (D) BY LRS. & ORS.

A                       OINK.AR MARUTI JADHA V
                                  v.
              NIVRUTII GANGARAM PA WAR (D) BY LRS. & ORS.

                                     MAY 9, 2007

B                 [DR. ARIJITPASAYAT ANDS.H. KAPADIA,JJ.]


          Rent Control and Eviction:

C          Bombay Tenancy and Agricultural lands Act, 1948; Ss. 33B and 88C-
    Scope and ambit of-Held: Ss. 33-B and 88-C of 1948 Act operate in different
    fields-There are two separate stages-Tenant could oppose the application
    in terms of s. 33-B on two grounds that there is no bona fide requirement/
    personal cultivation-However, bona fide requirement and personal
    cultivation concepts are applicable only under s. 88-C-Mere making an
D   application in terms ofs. 33-B of the Act does not have the effect of terminating
    the relationship between the landlord and the tenant-No severance of
    relationship between them till Mamlatdar!authority passes a11 order to that
    effect-Even when the landlord applies for possession in terms of s. 33-B of
    the Act, it becomes conclusive so far as income and economic holding aspects
E   are concerned-But bona fide requirement and personal cultivation are to be
    decided by the Mamlatdar!Authority-There is a need for clarifying this
    aspect further-Hence, the matter is referred to larger Bench of the Supreme
    Court.

          The issues which arose for determination in this appeal are related to
F   the scope and ambit of Sections 33-B and 88-C of the Bombay Tenancy and
    Agricultural Lands Act, 1948.

          Referring the matter to the larger Bench, the Court

          HELD: 1.1. Sections 33-B and 88-C of the Bombay Tenancy and
G Agricultural Lands Act operate in different fields. Bonafide requirement
    and personal cultivation concepts are applicable only under Section 88-C of
    the Act because it refers to Section 33-B. Section 33-B refers to bona fide
    requirement and personal cultivation. [Para 3] [322-E]

H         1.2. Section 33-B and Section 88-D (iv) of the Act also operate in
                                          320
                 DIN KAR MARUTIJADHA V"· NIVRUTII GANGARAM PAWAR(D) BY LRS        32 J
       different fields. The former refers to landlord's right and the other refers to   A
       tenant's right. (Para 4( (323-Df

             1.3. A tenant can, in a given case, oppose the application in terms of
       Section 33-B of the Act on the ground that there is no bonafide requirement
       and/or personal cultivation. It deals with enforcement of the certificate. With
       the death of the original landlord, the question of economic holding and the      B
       income also becomes relevant. In Section 33-B income and/or economic
       holding concept is not there. It is only there in Section 88-C.
/:.                                                               [Para 3( (322-F, Gf

              1.4. There is no dispute that once the tenancy is determined under C
      Section 33-B of the Act, the question of action in terms of Section 88-D(iv)
      does not arise but making of an order would be necessary. Mere making an
      application in terms of Section 33-B of the Act does not have the effect of
      terminating the relationship between the landlord and the tenant. Therefore,
      till the Mamlatdar passes an order there is no severance of status.          D
                                                                  (Para 5) (323-E)

             Moreshwar Balakrishna Pa, dare and Ors. v. Vithal Vyenku Chavan and
      Ors., (2001 ( 5 SCC 551, not applicable.

            1.5. Even when the landlord applies for possession in terms of Section E
      33-B of the Act it may become conclusive so far as it relates to the income
      and economic holding concepts are concerned. But other requirements like
      bona fide requirement and personal cultivation are to be decided by the
      Mamlatdar. The certificate issued under Section 33-B is crystallized only in
      respect of the income and the economic holding concepts. Therefore, there
      is need for clarifying this aspect. Accordingly, the matter is referred to the F
      larger Bench. (Para 5)

L           CIVIL APPELLATE JURISDICTION: Civil Appeal No. 2564 of2005.

            From the Final Judgment and Order dated 11.09.2003 of the High Court         G
      of Judicature at Bombay in Writ Petition No. 1308of1990.

           A.S. Bhasme for the Appellant.

           M.S. Nargolkar, Varun Thakur, Sanjay Dubey and D.M. Nargolkar for the
      Respondents.                                                               H
           The Judgment of the Court was delivered by
     322                    SUPREME COURT REPORTS                    [2007) 6 S.C.R.

A           DR. ARIJIT PASAYAT, J. I. The scope and ambit of Sections 33-B and
    . 88-C of the Bombay Tenancy and Agricultural Lands Act, 1948 (in short the
      'Act') fall for determination in the present appeal.

         2. During the course of hearing learned counsel for the appellant placed
  strong reliance on the observations made by this Court in Moreshwar
B Balkrishna Pandare and Ors. v. Vithal Vyenku Chavan and Ors., [2001] 5
  SCC 551 to the effect that the High Court's view is unsustainable. The
  essence of that judgment is that once action in terms of Section 33-B is taken
  Section 88-C has no relevance. In the instant case, the original owner had
  expired. Undoubtedly, the certificate had been issued to him under Section 88-
C C with reference to the qualification possessed by the landlord as on I st
  April, 1957. The question which fell for consideration before the High Court
  was the effect of the death of the original landlord who had either applied for
  issuance of certificate under Section 88-C which is pending or was the certificate
  already granted in his favour. In Paragraph 27 of Moreshwar 's case (supra)
D it is held that once certificate under Section 88-C is issued and the landlord
  has issued notice in exercise of the rights under Section 33-B of the Act and
  proceeds to file an application for possession under Section 33-B read with
  Section 29 of the Act, the relief under Section 88-C gets exhausted.
  Moreshwar's case (supra) related to rights under Section 880 of the Act. The         .....
E question which may arise is that when death has taken place whether the
  income or the extent of land of the legal heirs have to be reckoned.

         3. Sections 33-B and 88-C operate in different fields. Bona fide
  requirement and personal cultivation concepts are applicable only under
  Section 88-C because it refers to Section 33-B. Section 33-B refers to bona
F fide requirement and personal cultivation. Section 88D(iv) comes into operation
  when the annual income exceeds the limit fixed and/or economic holdings
   exceeded. There are two separate stages. The tenant can, in a given case,
   oppose the application in terms of Section 33-B on the ground that there is
   no bona fide requirement and/or personal cultivation. It deals with enforcement
G of the certificate. With the death of the original landlord, the question of
   economic holding and the income also becomes relevant. In Section 33-B
   income and/or economic holding concept is not there. It is only there in
   Section 88-C. In Moreshwar 's case (supra) it was concluded as follows:

                 "15. A close reading of the section, quoted above, shows that
H            sub-section (I) enables a certificated landlord who bona fide requires
  DINKAR MARUTIJADHAVl'. NlVRlfITIGANGARAM PAWAR(D)BYLRS lPASAYAT,J.]      323
         the land, covered by the certificate for cultivating it personally, to A
         terminate the tenancy of the possession, in the manner prescribed in
         sub-section (3). The said sub-section requires the certificated landlord
         to give notice in writing which shall be served on the excluded tenant
         on or before 1.1.1962; however, in a case where the application of
         such landlord under Section 88-C is not disposed of and is pending B
         on that date, he can do so within three months of his receiving such
         certificate sending simultaneously a copy of the notice to the
         Mamlatdar. The application for possession of the land has to be made
         under Section 29 to the Mamlatdar before 1.4.1962 in the case where
         notice was served on him within three months of receiving a certificate
         under Section 88-C, the application can be made for possession under C
         Section 29 within three months of his receiving the certificate. The
         right conferred on a certificated landlord to terminate the tenancy of
         an excluded tenant is an independent right and is not affected by the
         provisions of Sections 31, 31-A and 31-B."

      4. As noted above, Section 33-B and Section 880 (iv) operate in             D
different fields. The former refers to landlord's right and the other refers to
tenant's right and the Moreshwar's case (supra) did not deal with the case
of the death of the landlord.

       5. There is no dispute that once the tenancy is determined under
Section 33-8, the question of action in terms of Section 88D(iv) does not arise   E
but making of an order would be necessary. Mere making an application in
terms of Section 33-B does not have the effect of terminating the relationship
between the landlord and the tenant. Therefore, till the Mamlatdar passes an
order there is no severance of status. The contrary view taken in Moreshwar 's
case (supra) prima facie does not appear to be correct. Even when the             F
landlord applies for possession in terms of Section 33-B it may become
conclusive so far as it relates to the income and economic holding concepts
are concerned. But other requirements like bona fide requirement and personal
cultivation are to be decided by the Mamlatdar. The certificate issued under
Section 33-B is crystalized only in respect of the income and the economic
holding concepts. Therefore, there is need for clarifying this aspect.            G
Accordingly, we refer the matter to the larger bench. Let the matter be placed
before Hon'ble the Chief Justice of India for necessary orders to place the
matter before an appropriate bench.

S.K.S.                                              Referred to larger Bench.     H