Supreme Court of India
COMMISSIONER OF CENTRAL EXCISE, NEW DELHIversusM/S. HARI CHAND SHRI GOPAL ETC.
- Citation
- 2005 INSC 465
- Decided
- 3 October 2005
- Disposal
- Matter referred to larger bench
- Bench
- S N VARIAVA
Holding
Compliance with the Chapter X procedure is a condition precedent for claiming input relief under the exemption notification, and the earlier rulings in Thermax Private Ltd. and J.K. Synthetics must be reconsidered.
Summary
The Supreme Court examined whether manufacturers of chewing tobacco could claim input relief under exemption Notification No.121/94‑CE when they had not complied with the Chapter X procedure of the Central Excise Rules, 1944. The assessees argued that the intended use of the intermediate product (kimam) was evident from their stock registers and that, per Thermax Private Ltd. and J.K. Synthetics, compliance with Chapter X was not essential. The Court held that where a notification expressly makes Chapter X compliance a condition, strict adherence to those procedural requirements is mandatory for availing the exemption, especially in captive consumption cases. It observed that the earlier decisions of Thermax and J.K. Synthetics did not consider the inter‑relationship between short‑payment due to non‑levy and short‑payment due to failure to account, and therefore required reconsideration. Consequently, the matter was referred to a larger bench for further consideration.
Issues considered
- Whether an assessee is entitled to input relief under an exemption notification when it has not complied with the Chapter X procedure of the Central Excise Rules, 1944.
- Whether the precedents set in Thermax Private Ltd. v. Collector of Customs and Collector of Central Excise, Jaipur v. J.K. Synthetics are applicable to the present facts.
Legislation cited
- Additional Duties of Excise (Goods of Special Importance) Act, 1957s. 3
- Central Excise Act, 1944s. 11A, s. 14, s. 5A
- Companies Act, 1956s. 2338
Subjects
input reliefexemption notificationChapter X compliancecentral excisecaptive consumptionshort‑paymenttax exemptionlarger bench referral
Judgment
COMMISSIONER OF CENTRAL EXCISE, NEW DELHI A
v.
MIS. HARi CHAND SHRI GOPAL ETC.
OCTOBER 3, 2005
[S.N. VARIAVA, DR. AR. LAKSHMANAN AND S.H. KAPADIA, JJ.] B
Central Excise Rules, 1944-Chapter X-Jnput relief-Provided under
Exemption Notification on condition ofcompliance ofprocedure under Chapter
X-Entitlement ofreliefeven on non-compliance ofChapter X-Different views C
of Tribunal on the point-Held: Matter needs reconsideration-Hence referred
to larger Bench.
The question for consideration before this Court was whether an
assessee was entitled to benefit of input relief under exemption Notification
in which compliance of Chapter X procedure under Central Excise Rules, D
1944 was incorporated as a condition for obtaining exemption.
In Thermax Private ltd. v. Collector of Customs, (1992) (61) ELT 352
it was held that the benefit of concession should be given when intended
use of material can be established by other evidence. Decision in Collector
of Central Excise, Jaipur v. J.K. Synthetics, (2000) (120) ELT 54 also held E
to the same effect.
In the present case, the Tribunal relying on Thermax Private Ltd.,
case; held that compliance of Chapter X procedure was not required for
getting benefit of input exemption under Notification.
F
Referring the matter to larger Bench, the Court
HELD: 1.1. When an assessee seeks exemption under a Notification,
which prescribes compliance of chapter X of <;:entral Excise Rules, 1944,
there is a linkage between levy of duty on one hand and the accountability G
of the goods received/used in the factory where final product is
manufactured. Therefore, one cannot ignore strict compliance of the
aforestated rules while claiming exemption under such Notification. This
is particularly relevant in cases where input relief is claimed on the basis
of captive consumption. 1947-G-H; 948-A-BI
931 H
932 SUPREME COURT REPORTS (2005] SUPP. 3 S.C.R.
A 1.2. Non-accounting of goods received/used in the factory is distinct
from short-payment arising from non-levy. However, when chapter X
procedure is incorporated in the exemption Notification as condition then
short-payment on account of non-levy and short payment on account of
the failure of the buyer/user to account gets inter-connected. This aspect
has not been considered by this Court in the cases of Thermax Private Ltd
B and J.K. Synthetics. The result is divergence of views in the judgments of
the tribunal. Exemption Notifications have to be read strictly so far as the
eligibility is concerned; that conditions mentioned therein ought not to be
ignored and that the Notification has to be read on its own terms. The
law laid down by this Court in Thermat Private Ltd. and J.K. Synthetics
C needs reconsideration. [947-B-C]
Commissioner of Central Excise, Allahabad v. Ginni Filaments Ltd.,
(2005) 181 ELT 145, relied on.
Thermax Private Ltd. v. Collector of Customs, (1992) 61 ELT 352;
D Collector of Central Excise, Jaipur v. J.K. Synthetics, (2000) 120 ELT 54;
National Aluminium Co. ltd. v. Commissioner ofCentral Excise. Bhubaneswar,
(2000) 125 ELT 519 (T); Kirloskar Brothers Ltd. v. Collector of Central
Excise, Pune, (1997) 94 ELT 176 (T) and Eagle Flask Industries Limited v.
Commissioner of Central Excise, Pune, (2004) 171ELT296, referred to.
E CIVIL APPELLATE JURISDICTION: Civil Appeal Nos. 1878-1880
of 2004.
From the Judgment and Order dated 7.7.2003 of the Customs, Excise
and Service Tax Appellate Tribunal, New Delhi in F.O. Nos. 570-57212003-
F B in A. Nos. E/259512002-D, E/259612002-D and E/2597 of 2002-D.
A. Subba Rao, Rupesh Kumar and P. Parmeswaran for the Appellant.
Joseph Vellapally, Vivek Kohli, Subramonium Prasad and Manoj Gupta
with him for the Respondent.
G The Judgment of the Court was delivered by
KAPADIA, J. The short question of law involved in this matter is -
whether irrespective of the assessees having not followed or substantially
followed Chapter X procedure under the Central Excise Rules, 1944, they
H would still be entitled to the benefit of notification no.121/94-CE dated
COMMISSIONER OF CENTRAL EXCISE v. HARi CHAND SHRI GOPAL [KAPADIA, J.] 933
11.8.1994 as held in the case of Thermax Private Ltd v. Collector ofCustoms, A
reported in ( 1992) 61 EL T 352, w~ich is to the effect that, the benefit of
concession should be given when intended use of material can be established
by other evidence.
This case is a sequel to the case of the assessees in civil appeal nos.5747-
5749 of 2000 decided by this court on 30.9.2005 and, therefore, we are not B
required to restate the facts. Suffice it to state that the assessee-firms were
manufacturer of branded chewing tobacco (final product) from "additive
mixture" (kimam). The said "kimam" was manufactured by the units of the
assessees in Delhi and the said kimam was stock transferred to the assessees'
units in UP and HP. We have held in our judgment in civil appeal nos.5747- C
5749 of 2000 that this kimam was excisable and classifiable under sub-
heading 2404.49/2404.40 of Central Excise Tariff Act, 1985. Admittedly, the
existence of assessees' units in Delhi, where kimam was manufactured, was
not disclosed to the department, these units were not registered and they were
unlicensed units. The three assessees however urged that there was no intention
to evade duty as the said kimam was captively consumed in the manufacture D
of branded chewing tobacco and they were entitled to input relief under
notification no.121/94-CE dated 11.8.1994. In this connection, the assessees
contended before the tribunal in the present case that they had maintained
stock register, transfer challans and form-IV register in their units in UP and
HP, where the final product was manufactured and which registers indicated E
receipt and utilization of kimam in the manufacture of branded chewing
tobacco and consequently, there was substantial compliance of exemption
notification no.121/94-CE. This contention of the assessees has been accepted
by the tribunal placing reliance on the judgments of this court in the case of
Thermax Private Ltd. (supra) and Collector of Central Excise, Jaipur v. JK.
Synthetics, reported in (2000) 120 EL T 54. Being aggrieved by the decision F
of the tribunal, the department has come to this court by way of these civil
appeals.
We quote hereinbelow the exemption notification no.121/94-CE, which
deals with input relief in respect of goods used for special industrial purposes
subject to the assessee complying with chapter X procedure. G
INPUT RELIEF
Exemption to specified intermediate goods if captively consumed or
used in the manufacture of specified final products consequent to
extension of Modvat Scheme to goods earlier covered under Proforma H
934 SUPREME COURT REPORTS (2005] SUPP. 3 S.C.R.
A Credit Procedure: In exercise of the powers conferred by sub-section
(I) of section 5A of the Central Excises and Salt Act, 1944 (I of
1944), read with sub-section (3) of section 3 of the Additional Duties
of Excise (Goods of Special Importance) Act, 1957 (58 of 1957)
(hereinafter referred to as the said Special Importance Act), the Central
Government, being satisfied that it is necessary in the public interest
B so to do, hereby exempts goods falling under heading numbers or
sub-heading numbers of the Schedule to the Central Excise Tariff
Act, I 985 (5 of I 986) (hereinafter referred to as the said Tariff Act),
specified in column (4) of the Table hereto annexed (hereinafter
referred to as "inputs") manufactured in a factory and used within the
c factory of production in or in relation to the manufacture of
corresponding final products of the description specified in column
(2) of the said Table and falling under heading numbers or sub-
heading numbers of the Schedule to the said Tariff Act, specified in
the corresponding entry in column (3) of the said Table, from the
whole of the duty of excise and additional duty of excise leviable
D thereon, which is specified in the respective Schedules to the said
Tariff Act and the said Special Importance Act:
Provided that nothing contained in this notification shall apply to
inputs used in or in relation to the manufacture of final products
(other than those cleared either to a unit in a Free Trade Zone or to
E a 100% Export-Oriented Unit or to a unit in Electronic Hardware
Technology Park or Software Technology Parks), which are exempt
from the whole of the duty of excise leviable thereon or are chargeable
to 'Nil' rate of duty:
Provided further that where such use of inputs is in a factory of
F a manufacturer, different from his factory where the goods have been
produced, the exemption contained in this notification shall be
allowable subject to the observance of the procedure set out in Chapter
X of the Central Excise Rules, 1944.
G
H
COMMISSIONER OF CENTRAL EXCISE 1·. HAR! CHAND SHRI GOPAL [KAPADIA, J.] 935
THE TABLE A
S. Description of final products Chapter or Chapter or
No. Heading Heading
number or number or
sub-heading sub-heading
number of number of B
final products inputs
(1) (2) (3) (4)
I. (a) Cigarettes 2403.11 2404.13
(b) Snuff 2404.50 2404.50 c
(c) Preparation, containing snuff 2404.60 2404.50
of tobacco in any proportion.
2. Chewing tobacco including 2404.41 2404.49
preparations commonly known as D
"Khara Masala'', "Kimam",
"Dokta", "Zarda", "Sukha" and
"Surti".
3. Fabrics of cotton, whether 52 52
processed or not. E
4. Fabrics of man-111ade fibres and 54, 55 54, 55
filament yam, whether processed
or not.
We also quote hereinbelow rules l 73B, l 73G, 174, 192 and 196 of F
1944 Rules: "
Rule 173B. Assessee to file declaration of goods produced or
manufactured in the factory.- (I) Every assessee, shall file with the
Superintendent of Central Excise, having jurisdiction over the factory, G
a declaration (in quadruplicate) showing, -
(a) the full description of -
(i) all excisable goods produced or manufactured by him,
(ii) all other goods produced or manufactured by him and H
936 SUPREME COURT REPORTS [2005) SUPP. 3 S.C.R.
A intended to be removed from his factory, and
(iii) all the excisable goods already deposited or likely to be
deposited from time to time without payment of duty in his
warehouse;
(b) the Chapter, heading No. and sub-heading No., if any, of the
B
Schedule to the Central Excise Tariff Act, 1985 (5 of 1986)
under which each goods fall;
(c) the rate of duty leviable on each such goods;
(d) the exemption notification availed or proposed to be availed, if
c any; and
(e) such other particulars as the Commissioner may direct,
and obtain a dated acknowledgement of the said declaration :
Provided that such declaration shall be filed on or before the 15th
D May, 1995 or such extended period as the Assistant Commissioner of
Central Excise may permit.
Provided further that an assessee producing or manufacturing
excisable goods for the first time shall be required to submit the said
declaration within thirty days of commencing the production of such
E excisable goods.
(2) If in the declaration so filed under sub-rule (I), any alteration
becomes necessary in respect of any goods because of -
(a) the assessee commencing production, manufacture or warehousing
of goods not mentioned in that declaration, or
F
(b) the assessee intending to remove from his factory any non-
excisable goods not mentioned in that declaration, or
(c) a change in the rate of rates of duty in respect of the goods
mentioned in that declaration or, by reason of any amendment to
G the Schedule to the Central Excise Tariff Act, 1985 (5 of 1986),
a change in the Chapter, heading No. or sub-heading No.,
the assessee shall likewise file a fresh declaration or an amendment
of the declaration already filed within thirty days of any alteration
mentioned above, in the same manner as is provided in sub-rule (I).
H
COMMISSIONER OF CENTRAL EXCISE'" HARi CHAND SHRI GOPAL [KAPADIA, J.] 93 7
(3) The proper officer, duly empowered by the Central Government A
under section 14 of the Act, may, where he considers it necessary
during the course of any enquiry in connection with the declaration
filed under sub-rule ( 1) by an assessee, -
(a) require any person to produce or deliver any document or
thing relevant to the enquiry; and B
(b) examine any person acquainted with the facts and
circumstances of the particulars given in the declaration or
other records, in the manner provided in section 14 of the
Act.
(4) The proper officer may after such further enquiry as he may
c
consider necessary, reassess the correct amount of duty payable
following the provisions of section 11 A of the Act and the assessee
shall pay the deficiency, if any.
Rule 173G. Procedure to be followed by the assessee.-(1) Every D
assessee shall keep an account-current with the Commissioner
separately for each excisable goods falling under different Chapters
of the Schedule to the Central Excise Tariff Act, 1985 (5 of 1986),
in such form and manner as the Commissioner may require, of the
duties payable on the excisable goods and in particular such account
(and also the account in Form R. G. 23, if the assessee is availing of E
the procedure prescribed in rule l 73K) shall be maintained in triplicate
by using indelible pencil and double-sided carbon, and the assessee
shall periodically make credit in such account-current, by cash payment
into the treasury [so as to keep the balance, in such account-current],
sufficient to cover the duty due on the goods intended to be removed p
at any time; and every such assessee shall pay the duty determined
by him for each consignment by debit to such account-current before
removal of the goods:
Provided that-
(i) the duty due on the goods consumed within the factory in a G
continuous process may be so paid at the end of the factory
day, except that in the case of cellulosic spun yarn and cotton
yarn in respect of which duty is payable in accordance with
the provisions of sub-rule (I) of rule 49A, the duty due may
H
938 SUPREME COURT REPORTS (2005) SUPP. 3 S.C.R.
A be paid by the manufacturer in accordance with the provisions
of the said rule;
(ii) an assessee who has removed more than 3000 consignments
in the previous year may, after intimating the proper officer,
make a consolidated debit in the account current at the end
B of the day towards payment of the duty;
(iia)the proper officer may allow an assessee who manufactures
one or more of the declared excisable goods, irrespective of
the number of consignments removed by him in the previous
calendar year, to make consolidated debit in the account-
c current at the end of the day towards payment of duty;
(iii) in respect of clearances of any excisable goods as samples
in such small quantities as the Commissioner may approve
in respect of any commodity and clearly marked as such on
the invoice, the assessee may pay the duty on all such samples
D cleared during a month by a single debit to his account-
current on the last working day of the month;
(iv) the Commissioner may, in circumstances of an exceptional
nature, by an order in writing, require an assessee or class
of assessees manufacturing or warehousing goods to which
E provisions of Chapter VII-A have been made applicable, to
determine the duty and debit the account-current in such
manner as may be specified by him in such order;
Provided further that where any assessee manufactures or
warehouses excisable goods falling under two or more Chapters of
F the Schedule to the Central Excise Tariff Act, 1985 (5 of 1986), he
may opt to maintain a single Accoun~ current for payment of duty
due on all such goods after intimating the proper officer.
Provided also that where an assessee maintains separately accounts-
current for each excisable goods he may, in the event of an insufficient
G balance in any of the accounts-current, transfer, subject to such
cariditions as the Commissioner may specify in this behalf, an amount
to such account-current from another account-current which has
enough balance on date of such transfer.
(IA) Where an assessee keeping an account-current under sub-
H
COMMISSIONER OF CENTRAL EXCISE v. HARi CHAND SHRI GOPAL [KAPADIA. J.] 939
rule (I) makes an application to the Commissioner for withdrawing A
an amount from such account-current, the Commissioner may, for
reasons to be recorded in writing, permit such assessee to withdraw
the amount in accordance with such procedure as the· Commissioner
may specify in this behalf.
(2) Notwithstanding the provisions of sub-rule (I) of rule 224 but B
subject to the other provisions of that rule and the provisions of rule
173Ff, every assessee shall except as otherwise expressly .provided
in these rules, forthwith remove the goods on which duty has been
determined and paid; every such removal shall take place under an
invoice or invoices in accordance with the provisions of rule 52A but C
without the proper officer's countersignature, and such invoice or
invoices shall also show the rate and the amount of duty paid on such
goods and the time of actual removal of the goods from the factory:
Provided that -
(i) a single invoice may be issued at the end of the factory day to D
cover removal of goods consumed within the factory in a
continuous process;
(ii) the Commissioner may, having regard to the nature of the goods
manufactured or frequency of removals permit an assessee or a
class of assessees not to enter ·the rate and/or the amount of duty E
on the invoices under which ·such goods-are removed from the
factory;
(iii) ...... Omitted.
(iv) in respect ofremoval of any goods after 6 O'clock in the afternoon
on the day preceding the date appointed for the presentation of F
the annual or any Supplementary Budget of the Central
Government to Parliament or for the introduction in the House
of the People of any Finance Bill or any Bill for the imposition
or increase of any duty, the provisions of sub-rule (I) of rule
224, shall apply. G
(v) .... Omitted.
(vQ where any correction, other than one relating to the date or the
time of removal of the goods or to the description of the goods
(including the variety of goods, the number and description of
H
940 SUPREME COURT REPORTS [2005] SUPP. 3 S.C.R.
A packages and the identification marks thereon), becomes necessary
in any invoice before removal of the goods, such correction may
be made by the assessee provided this is done neatly and over
his dated signature in all copies of the invoice; and
(vii) where the assessee, after he has debited the duty due on the
B goods in the account-current referred to in sub-rule (I), finds it
necessary to cancel any in'voice, he shall send an intimation thereof
in writing to the proper officer not later than the working day
next following the day on which such invoice is cancelled, and
may thereupon take credit of the duty in that account;
c (2A) Every assessee shall file with the proper officer the triplicate
copies of the invoices or like documents issued,
(a) during first ten days of a month, on or before the twelfth day of
the same month;
(b) during the next ten days of the month, on or before the twenty-
D second day of the same month; and
(c) during the remaining days of that month, on or before the fifth
day of the following month,
along with a covering list showing the serial number of such invoices
E as well as opening balance, credit, debit and closing balance in his
account-current and in his account maintained in Form R.G. 23A,
Part II and Form R.G. 23C Part II.
Provided that an assessee availing of the exemption under a
notification based on the value or quantity of clearances in a financial
F year, shall file with the proper officer the triplicate copies of the
invoices or like documents issued during a quarter, on or before the
fifth day of the following quarter along with a covering list showing
the said number of such invoices as well as opening balance, credit,
debit and closing balance in his account current and in his account
maintained in Form RG 23A, Pait II and Fonn RG 23C Part II.
G
(3) Within five days after the close of each month every assessee
shall, in lieu of the returns prescribed under rule 54, file with the
proper officer in quintuplicate a monthly return in the proper form
showing the quantity of excisable goods manufactured or received
under bond during the month, the quantity (if any) used within the
H
COMMISSIONER OF CENTRAL EXCISE 1·. HARi CHAND SHRI GOPAL [KAPADIA, J.J 94 J
factory for the manufacture of another commodity, the quantity A
removed on payment of duty from the place or premises specified
under rule 9 ?r from the store-room or other place of storage approved
by the Commissioner under rule 47, duty paid on such quantity,
particulars of invoices or like documents under which such quantity
was removed; the quantity removed without payment of duty for B
export or otherwise and such other particulars as may be elsewhere
prescribed or as the Commissioner may, by general or special order,
require, and where so required by the Commissioner, by written notice,
shall submit a similar return in the proper form showing all the other
products manufactured in and issued from the factory during the
same month. Every such return in respect of excisable goods shall be C
accompanied by-
(a) ..... Omitted.
(b) receipted treasury challans on which deposits in the account-
current were made by payment into the Government treasury; D
and
(c) original and duplicate copies of the account-current and also of
the account in Form RG 23 and RG 23C, as the case may be,
maintained by the assessee during the period covered by the
return;
E
(d) any other document or documents as the Commissioner may
require,
and if there was no stock, production and removal of excisable goods
during the said period, the assessee shall file with the proper officer
a nil return, unless otherwise directed by the Commissioner: F
Provided that the Commissioner may, having regard to the nature,
variety and extent of production or manufacture or frequency of
removals-
(i) fix in relation to any assessee or class of assessees a period G
shorter than one month for filing the aforesaid return;
(ii) .permit that the aforesaid return may be filed by the assessee
within a period not exceeding 21 days after the close of each
month.
H
942 SUPREME COURT REPORTS [2005) SUPP. 3 S.C.R.
A (4) (a) Every assessee shall maintain such accounts, as the
Commissioner may from time to time require or permit, subject to
such conditions as may be specified by him of the production,
manufacture, storage, delivery or disposal of the goods, including the
materials received for or consumed in the manufacture of excisable
goods or other goods, the goods and materials in stock with him and
B duty determined and paid by him.
(b) Unless specially exempted by the Commissioner by order in
writing, all books of accounts maintained under clause (a) shall be
sent by him, before these are brought into use, for authentication by
the proper officer in such manner and at such time as the Commissioner
c may direct,
(c) In respect of any assessee, or class of assessees, the
Commissioner may direct that all books of accounts maintained under
clause (a), subject to what has been stated in clause (b), shall be
deemed to be the proper form for the respective purpose.
D
(5) Every assessee shall furnish to the proper officer a list in
duplicate of all accounts maintained and returns prepared by him
(whether the same are maintained or prepared in pursuance of these
rules or not) in regard to the production, manufacture, storage, delivery
E or disposal of the goods, including the raw materials.
(6) Every assessee shall, on demand, produce to the Central Excise
Officers, or the audit parties deputed by the Commissioner or the
Comptroller and Auditor General of India:-
(i) the accounts and returns (whether the same are maintained
F or prepared in pursuance of these rules or not); and
(ii) the cost audit reports, if any, under section 2338 of the
Companies Act, 1956 (I of 1956),
for the scrutiny of the officers or audit parties, as the case may be.
G
(7) Notwithstanding the provisions of sub-rules (I) and (3), an
assessee manufacturing excisable goods specified in this behalf by
the Central Government by notification in the Official Gazette, whose
duty liability in the preceding financial year did not exceed five
hundred rupees or who being a new assessee does not expect to be
H
COMMISSIONER OF CENTRAL EXCISE r. HARi CHAND SHRI GOPAL [KAPADIA, J.] 943
liable to pay more than five hundred rupees as duty in the relevant A
financial year, may, after informing the proper officer in writing, pay
duty in respect of each separate consignment at the time of removal
instead of keeping an account-current with the Commissioner, and
may also file the return prescribed in sub-rule (3) for a quarter within
seven days after the close of every quarter instead of filing the monthly B
return.
(8) In respect of a manufacturer availing of the exemption under
a notification based on the value or quantity of clearances in a financial
year, the provisions of this rule shall have effect in that financial year
as if for the word "month", wherever it occurs, the word "quarter", C
and for the word "monthly", wherever it occurs, the word "quarterly"
were substituted.
(9) Every assessee shall preserve the book of accounts, documents
and floppies where any document is generated on computer, for such
periods and in such manner as may be specified by the Commissioner. D
Rule 174. Registration of certain persons.-{!) Every person, who
cures, produces, manufactures, carries on trade, deals as a broker or
commission agent, holds private store-room or warehouse or otherwise
uses excisable goods or a person who issues invoice or invoices
under rule 57G or, as the case may be, Rule 57T shall get registered E
and shall not engage in the curing, production, manufacture, trade,
dealing as broker or commission agent, storing in private store-room
or warehouse or use excisable goods without having applied for such
registration to the jurisdictional range officer or such officer in such
forms as may be specified by the Board.
F
(2) The Central Board of Excise and Customs, may, by notification
in the Official Gazette, and subject to such conditions or limitations
as may be specified in such notification, specify person or class of
persons from amongst the persons specified in sub-rule (I) who need
not obtain such registration.
G
(3) If there are more than one premises requiring registration he
shall obtain separate registration certificate for each of the premises.
(4) Every registration certificate granted shall be in the specified
form and shall be valid only for the premises specified in such
certificate. H
944 SUPREME COURT REPORTS [2005] SUPP. 3 S.C.R:
A (5) Where a registered person transfers his business to another
person the transferee shall obtain a fresh certificate.
(6) Where a registered person is a firm or a company or association
of persons, any change in the constitution of such a firm, company
or association of persons, shall be intimated to the Central Excise
B Officer within thirty days of such a change for incorporation in the
certificate.
(7) Jn case a registered person desires to manufacture a new
product, he shall get the product endorsed on his registration certificate.
C (8) Every registered person, who ceases to carry out the operation
or operations he is registered for, shall surrender his registration
certificate immediately.
(9) The proper officer shall proceed to grant a Registration
Certificate under this rule within thirty days of the receipt of an
D application. If registration certificate is not granted within the said
period. the registration applied for shall be deemed to have been
granted.
(IO) Every registered person shall exhibit his registration certificate
(or a certified copy thereof) in a conspicuous part of the registered
E premises.
( 11) Any registration certificate granted under this rule may be
revoked or suspended by the proper officer, if the holder or any
person his employ, is found to have committed a breach of any
conditions of the Act or these rules or has been convicted of an
F offence under section 161, read with section I09 or with section 116
of the Indian Penal Code (45 of 1860).
Rule 192. Application for concession.- Where the Central Government
has, by notification under rule 8 or section 5A of the Act, as the case
may be, sanctioned the remission of duly on excisable goods other
G than salt, used in a specified industrial process, any person wishing
to obtain remission of duty on such goods, shall make application to
the Commissioner in the proper Form stating the estimated annual
quantity of the excisable goods required and the purpose for and the
manner in which it is intended to use them and declaring that the
goods will be used for such purpose and in such manner. If the
H
COMMISSIONER OF CENTRAL EXCISE 1·. HARi CHAND SHRI GOP AL [KAPADIA, J.] 945
Commissioner is satisfied that the applicant is a person to whom. the A
concession can be granted without danger to the revenue, and if he
is satisfied, either by personal inspection or by that of an officer
subordinate to him that the premises are suitable and contain a secure
store-room suitable for the storage of the goods, and if the applicant
agrees to bear the cost of such establishment as the Commissioner B
may consider necessary for supervising operation in his premises for
the purposes of this Chapter, the Commissioner may grant the
application, and the applicant shall then enter into a bond in the
proper Form with such surety or sufficient security, in such amount
and under such conditions as the Commissioner approves. Where, for
this purpose, it is necessary for the applicant to obtain an Excise C
registration certificate, he shall submit the requisite application along
with the proof for payment of registration fee and shall then be granted
a registration certificate in the proper Form. The concession shall,
unless renewed by the Comm is~ioner, cease on the expiry of the
registration certificate.
D
Provided that, in the event of death, insolvency or insufficiency
of the surety, or where the amount of the bond is inadequate, the
Commissioner may, in his discretion, demand a fresh bond; and may,
.
if the security furnished for a bond i~ not adequate demand additional
security."
E
Rule 196. Duty leviable on excisable goods not duly accounted for.-
(!) If any excisable goods obtained under rule 192 are not duly
account for as having been used for the purpose and in the manner
stated in the application or are not shown to the satisfaction of the
proper officer to have been lost or destroyed by natural causes or by F
unavoidable accident during transport from the place of procurement
to the applicant's premises or during handling or storage in the
premises approved under rule 192, the applicant shall, on demand by
the proper officer; immediately pay the· duty leviable on such goods.
The concession may at any time be withdrawn by the Commissioner
if a breach of these rules is committed by the applicant, his agent or G
any person employed by him. In the event of such a breach, the
Commissioner may also order the forfeiture of the secJt"ity deposited
under rule 192 and may also confiscate the excisable goods, and all
goods manufactured from such goods, in store at the factory.
H
946 SUPREME COURT REPORTS (2005) SUPP. 3 S.C.R.
A (2) Where the duty becomes chargeable in terms of sub-rule (I)
on any excisable goods, the rate of duty and the tariff valuation, if
~ny, applicable to such goods shall be the rate and valuation in force-
(i) in the case of actual removal of goods from the premises, on the
date of such removal;
B (ii) in the case of loss of goods in transit during transport from the
place of procurement to the applicant's premises, on the date on
which the goods are received in the applicant's premises;
(iii) in the case of loss of goods while in storage or during handling
in the premises approved under rule 192, on the date on which
c such loss is discovered by the proper officer or made known to
him;
(iv) in all other cases, on the date on which the notice for demand of
duty is issued or on the date on which duty is paid, whichever
is earlier."
D
In our view, the law laid down by this Court in the aforestated two
decis'ions in the case of Therm'ax Private Ltd. (supra) and J.K. Synthetics
(supr~) needs reconsideration for the following reasons. Firstly, we may point
out that conceptually there is a difference between "short-payment" that arises
from non-levy or any mistake connected with the levy on one hand and the
E "short-payment" arising from the failure of the buyer/user of the goods to
account for them. It is equally well settled that exemption notifications have
to be read strictly so far as the eligibility is concerned; that conditions
mentioned therein ought not to be ignored and that the notification has to be
read on its own terms [See: Commissioner of Central Excise, Allahabad v.
p Ginni Filaments Ltd., reported in (2005) 18 I EL T 145]. Under rule 192, the
responsibility for the payment of duty on the goods cleared under concession
or exemption was transferred from the manufacturing unit to the buying/
receiving unit. The person wishing to obtain the remission of duty was required
to apply through the proper officer in the form AL-6 and the proper officer
had to grant licence to such persons in the form L-6. Under rule 196, if any
G excisable goods obtained under rule I 92 are not duly accounted for, then the
duty had to be paid by the applicant i.e. by the person who applies for an AL-
6 licence. Therefore, in case of default or misuse, the liability was on the
user. Therefore, as stated above, whenever there is failure on the part of the
buyer/user to account for the goods received resulting in short-payment, the
H liability is foisted on the buyers/users. It is this type of situation which stood
COMMISSIONER OF CENTRAL EXCISE 1·. HARi CHAND SHRI GOPAL [KAPADIA, J.] 94 7
covered by rule 192 and rule 196. In cases of contravention of rule 192, the A
tribunal took the view from 1989 onwards that rule 192 was not mandatory
and that sufficient compliance by the recipient/user was good defence in
penal action. The question before us is - whether an assessee was entitled to
benefit of input relief under exemption notifications in which compliance of
rule 192 was incorporated as a condition for obtaining exemption. As indicated B
above, non accounting of goods .received/used in the factory is distinct from
short-payment arising from non-levy. However, when chapter X procedure is
incorporated in the exemption notification as condition then short-payment
on account of non-levy and short-payment on account of the failure of the
buyer/user to account gets inter-connected. This aspect has not been considered
by this Court in the case of Thermax Private Ltd (supra) and J.K. Synthetics C
(supra). The result is divergence of views in the judgments of the tribunal.
In the case of National Aluminium Co. Ltd. v. Commissioner of Central
Excise, Bhubaneswar, reported in (2000) 125 ELT 519 (T), it has been held,
following the judgment of this court in Thermax Private Ltd, (supra), that,
even if chapter X procedure is not followed, calcined alumina manufactured
in assessees' unit and transferred to another unit for manufacture of aluminium D
was entitled to exemption under notification no.217/86-CE as the assessee
had established intended use of material by other evidence. A diametrically
opposite view has been taken in the case of Kirloskar Brothers Ltd v. Collector
of Central Excise, Pune reported in (1997) 94 ELT 176 (T), in which it has
been held that the procedure required under chapter X was required to be E
s.trictly followed in cases of conditional exemptions as the procedural
requirements were essential pre-requisite and no exemption can be sanctioned
in the absence of the required compliance of the exemption notification.
Consequently, under rule 1738, an assessee was required to file declaration
of goods (kimam) produced or manufactured in the factory. Under rule J73G,
every assessee was required to keep a current account with the commissioner F
for each category of excisable goods. Under rule 174, every person
manufacturing or using excisable goods was required to obtain registration
and he was prohibited from producing, manufacturing, storing or using such
goods, without obtaining registration from the jurisdictional competent officer.
Accordingly, under rule 192 of chapter X, the applicant seeking remission/ G
concession was required to obtain 'L-6' licence as also registration certificate
in the prescribed form. This has not been noticed by this court in the case of
Thermax Private Ltd. (supra). The point which needs to be emphasized is that
when an assessee seeks exemption under a notification, which prescribes
compliance of chapter X, there is a linkage between levy of duty on one hand
H
948 SUPREME COURT REPORTS [2005] SUPP. 3 S.C.R.
A and the accountability of the goods received/used in the factory where final
product is manufactured. Therefore, one cannot ignore strict compliance of
the aforestated rules while claiming exemption under such notification. This
is particularly relevant in cases where input relief is claimed on the basis of
the captive consumption. Lastly, Thermax Private Ltd. (supra) and J.K.
B Synthetics (supra) were cases of the supplier being an importer and that the
aforestated two decisions did not deal with cases of the present nature in
which the supplier is the manufacturer.
Before concluding, we may refer to the judgment of this court in the
case of Eagle Flask Industries Limited v. Commissioner of Central Excise,
C Pune reported in (2004) 171 EL T 296, in which one of the contentions raised
on behalf of the assessee was that when the items were exempt from duty,
there was consequential exemption from licensing control. It was argued on
behalf of the assessee that mere lapse of non-submission of a declaration in
terms of exemption notification did not disentitle the assessee from benefits
otherwise available under the notification. These arguments advanced on
D behalf of the assessee were rejected by this court in the following terms:
"6. We find that Notification 11/88 deals with exemption from
operation of Rule 174 to exempted goods. The Notification has been
issued in exercise of powers conferred by Rule 174A of the Rules.
Inter alia it is stated therein that, where the goods are chargeable to
E nil rate of duty or exempted from the whole of duty of excise leviable
thereon, the goods are exempted from the operation of Rule 174 of
the Rules. The goods are specified in the Schedule to the Central
Excise Tariff Act, 1985 (in short 'the Tariff Act'). The proviso makes
it clear that where goods are chargeable to nil rate of duty or where
F the exemption from the whole of the duty of excise Ieviable is granted
on any of the six categories enumerated, the manufacturer is required
to make a declaration and give an undertaking, as specified in the
Form annexed while claiming exemption for the first time under this
Notification and thereafter before the 15th day of April of each
financial year. As found by the forums below, including CEGA T,
G factually, the declaration and the undertaking were not submitted by
the appellants. This is not an empty formality. It is the foundation for
availing the benefits under the Notification. It cannot be said that
they are mere procedural requirements, with no consequences attached
for non-observance. The consequences are denial of benefits under
the Notification. For availing benefits under an exemption Notification,
H
COMMISSIONER OF CENTRAL EXCISE>: HARi CHAND SHRI GOPAL [KAPADIA, J) 949
the conditions have to be strictly complied with. Therefore, CEGAT A
endorsed the view that the exemption from operation of Rule 174,
was not available to the appellants. On the facts found, the view is
on terrafirma. We find no merit in this appeal, which is, accordingly,
dismissed."
For the aforestated reasons, we are of the view that the matter requires B
consideration by a larger bench. The papers may be placed before the Hon 'ble
Chief Justice of India for further directions.
K.K.T. Referred to larger bench.
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