BABYversusTRAVANCORE DEVASWOM BOARD AND ORS.

A                                     BABY
                                         v.
             TRA V ANCORE DEV ASWOM BOARD AND ORS.

                             NOVEMBER 6, 1998

B         [S.B. MAJMUDAR AND M. JAGANNADHA RAO, JJ.]


         Kera/a Land Reforms Act, 1963: Section 103.

          Revision-Power of High Court-Scope of-&pression "has either
C   decided erroneously or failed to decide any question of law"-Meaning of-
    Question whether appellant was cultivating tenant-Non consideration of
    relevant document including judicial proceedings by Tribunal-Held, Tribunal
    neither decided any question of law erroneously nor failed to decide any
    question of law-But High Court set aside the orders of Tribunal under Article
    227 of the Constitution-Held, no interference was called for under Article
D   136-Power of High Court under Article 227 is in addition to the powers of
    revision under section 103-Finding offact arrived at by non consideration
    of relevant documents can be quashed by High Court under Article 227.

         Constitution of India, 1950: Article 227.

E         High Court-Supervisory jurisdiction-Tribunal-Finding offact arrived
    at-Non-consideration of relevant documents-High Court can quash such a
    finding-Such power of High Court is in addition to power of revision.

         CIVIL APPELLATE JURISDICTION: Civil Appeal Nos. 5502-
F   5504 of 1998.

         From the Judgment and Order dated 7.4.97 of the Kerala High Court
    in C.R.P. No. 599-601 of 1990.

          P.S. Poti and Ms. Malini Poduval for Appellant.
G
         P. Krishnamoorthy and K. Sukumaran, Ms. V. Mohana, Ms.S. Karthika,
    Jayanathan, John Mathew, Ms. Baby Krishnan and K.M.K. Nair for the
    Respondents.

          The following Order of the Court was delivered :
H                                     552
                BABY v. TRAVANCORE DEVASWOM BOARD                           553
     Leave granted.                                                                 A
      These appeals are filed against the judgment of the High Court in
revision given under the Kerala Land Reforms Act (hereinafter referred to as
the Act). The High Court set aside the judgment of the Appellate Authority
dated 20th Dec., 1989 which affirmed the order of the Land Tribunal dated
24th Nov., 1980. The dispute between the parties before the Tribunal was as         B
to whether the appellant before us was the cultivating tenant.
      A limited notice was issued in these appeals as to whether the High
Court had acted within its jurisdiction under Section I 03 of the Act. That
Section reads as under:
       "103, Revision by High Court :- (1) Any person aggrieved by -
                                                                                    c
           (i) any final order passed in an appeal against the order of the
        Land Tribunal; or
           (ii) any final order passed by the Land Board Under this Act; or
           (iii) any final order of the Taluk Land Board under this Act,            D
            may within such time as may be prescribed, prefer a petition to
        the High Court against the order on the ground that the appellate
        authority or the Land Board, or the Taluk Land Board, as the case
        may be, has either decided erroneously, or failed to decide, any
        question of law."                                                           E
       Learned senior counsel for the appellant contended that the Taluk Land
Board and the Appellate Authority have not failed to decide any question of
law nor could it be said that any such question was erroneously decided. The
High Court had interfered with the order of the tribunals on the ground that
several material documents including judicial proceedings were not adverted         F
to by the tribunals. The High Court held that the legal effect of these documents
was not considered by the tribunals. On those grounds, it was argued, the
High Court was not entitled to interfere under Section 103 of the Act. Learned
senior counsel for the appellant submitted that if certain documents were not
considered or their legal effect was not taken into consideration, still that did   G
not amount to an erroneous decision of a question of law, nor failure to
decide a question of law. Learned senior counsel for the appellant submitted
that the question of existence of tenancy was a question of fact and if certain
documents which were relevant in that connection were not taken into
consideration it could not be said that the question of law was erroneously
decided or was not decided.                                                         H
    554                        SUPREME COURT REPORTS [1998] SUPP. 2 S.C.R.

A         We find sufficient force in the contention of the learned senior counsel
    for the appellant in regard to the meaning of the words "has either decided
    erroneously or failed to decide any question of law". On the facts of the
    present case learned senior counsel is justified in submitting that the lower
    tribunals had neither decided any question of law erroneously nor failed to
    decide any question of law. Mere non-consideration of relevant documents
B   including the relevance of certain Judicial Proceedings would not strictly fall
    within Section l 03 of the Act.
        But that, in our opinion, is not the end of the matter. The High court
  had still powers under Article 227 of the Constitution of India to quash the
  orders passed by the tribunals if the findings of fact had been arrived at by
C non-consideration of the relevant and material documents the consideration
  of which could have led to an opposite conclusion. This power of the High
  Court under the Constitution of India is always in addition to the powers of
  revision under Section l 03 of the Act. In that view of the matter the High
  Court rightly set aside the orders of the tribunals. We do not, therefore,
D interfere under Article 136 of the Constitution of India. The appeals fail and
  are dismissed.
          No costs.
    T.N.A.                                                     Appeals dismissed.